This paper introduced the definition, structure of basis wavelet functions and wavelet lifting. Wavelet transform and wavelet lifting were applied in signal processing of EGG in our study. The characteristics of signal energy, information entropy and joint entropy were analyzed to introduce general selective method of wavelet basis functions after the signals have been filtered. In order to verify the rationality of evaluation criteria, signals of electrogastrogram (EGG) were processed and filtered with different wavelet basis functions in the experiments. Signals of EGG were filtered by wavelet transform and wavelet lifting, slow wave and spike wave of EGG were filtered. And the rationality of wavelet transform, wavelet lifting and effectiveness of EGG filter algorithm were proved by the experimental data. It provided an effective solution for the diagnosis and measurement of gastric diseases.
Electrodiagnosis ; methods ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; Humans ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Stomach ; physiology ; Wavelet Analysis

This experimental study was aimed to construct the recombinant bisbicistronic eukaryotic expression vector containing endocrine and exocrine protein (EECP) gene associated with breast cancer and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene. And then we transfected it into breast cancer cells MCF-7 to detect the expression of EECP protein and study preliminary biological function of EECP gene. The EECP sequence was cloned to pBluescript II SK (+) plasmid. After restriction endonuclease reaction of pBluescript II SK(+) plasmid, the EECP fragment was cloned to pIRES2-EGFP vector forming a recombinant eukaryotic expression vector named pEECP-IRES2-EGFP. The potential vector was identified by restriction endonuclease digestion and sequencing. Correct plasmid was extracted and transfected into breast cancer cells MCF-7. The expression of EECP protein was detected by western blot analysis. Its biological function was studied by MTT and Flow-cytometry. It turns out that the recombinant eukaryotic expression vector containing EECP gene and EGFP gene was constructed successfully, and it could transfect MCF-7 cells efficiently. It can get higher expression of EECP protein and higher cell proliferation, thus providing an important and convenient tool for studying the function of EECP gene in vitro and in vivo.
Base Sequence ; Breast Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Female ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Humans ; MCF-7 Cells ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Proteins ; analysis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Ribosomes ; chemistry ; metabolism

The present paper is aimed to observe the effects of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSCs) differentiation. The bFGF was used to stimulate BMSCs and histology, immunohistochemistry and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to examine the extracellular matrix produced by induced BMSCs, evaluated the feasibility of BMSCs being the seeding cells of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc tissue engineering. The results showed that having been induced with bFGF, the BMSCs could differentiate into fibroblast-like cells, which could synthesize GAG and collagen type I matrix. So it is feasible for BMSCs as seeding cells for engineered TMJ disc.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen Type I ; biosynthesis ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; pharmacology ; Glycosaminoglycans ; biosynthesis ; Goats ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Temporomandibular Joint Disc ; cytology ; Tissue Engineering

The aim of this study is to study the damage effects of chronic hypoxia on medulla oblongata and to explore whether the damage is associated with oxidative stress and cell apoptosis. Adult male SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group and chronic hypoxia group. Medulla oblongata was obtained for the following methods of analyses. Nissl's staining was used to examine the Niss bodies of neurons in medullary respiratory related nuclei, biochemistry methods were utilized to examine oxidant stress damage induced by chronic hypoxia on medulla oblongata through measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and RT-PCR technique was used to study the influence of apoptosis induced by chronic hypoxia on medulla oblongata through analyzing the levels of Bax mRNA and Bcl-2 mRNA. The results showed the optical densities of Nissl's staining in pre-BötC, NA, NTS, FN, and 12N were significantly decreased in chronic hypoxia group in comparison with that in control group (P < 0.05). In chronic hypoxia group, MDA level was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05), whereas SOD level had no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Bax mRNA expression had no obvious change and Bcl-2 mRNA expression significantly decreased in chronic hypoxia group in comparison with that in control group (P < 0.05). The results suggest that chronic hypoxia could bring about serious damage to medullary respiratory centers through aggravating oxidative stress and increasing cell apoptosis.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Chronic Disease ; Hypoxia ; physiopathology ; Male ; Medulla Oblongata ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Oxidative Stress ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Respiratory Center ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

In order to study the efficiency of small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfer mediated by cationic liposome, we used luciferase siRNA to evaluate the gene silencing activity in the Hep-2 cells, which were stably transduced with a luciferase gene. The pDNA transfection was studied, and siRNA arrearage assay was conducted to determine the capability of cationic liposome with siRNA. Different concentrations of siRNA was used to silence luciferase gene' activity, and then the result was examined by microplate reader. Cell viability was analyzed after transfection by MTT assay. The results suggested that Lipofectamine 2000 could transfer the pDNA efficiently, and have strong binding capacity with siRNA. The silencing efficiency of luciferase was obtained with low concentration of siRNA. The cell viability was influenced by RNA interference (RNAi) very slightly, but the cell survival rate decreased with the increase of siRNA concentrations. It was well concluded that by optimizing the experimental conditions, cationic liposome can transfer low concentration siRNA to silence target gene's activity efficiently.
Cations ; chemistry ; Drug Carriers ; Genetic Vectors ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Lipids ; chemistry ; Liposomes ; chemistry ; Luciferases ; genetics ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Transfection

Hyaluronan acid sodium gels are used in ophthalmic surgery, orthopedic treatment and cosmetic surgery. In 2009,there were 12 domestic manufacturers in China producing 33 kinds of products. 23 kinds of imported products were allowed by SFDA to sale in the meantime. Since manufacturers use different production processes, product performances are quite different. According to the GB/T 16886. 1-2001, we designed a pilot program to evaluate the sodium hyaluronate gel products comprehensively in this paper. The results showed that, except chromosome aberration test of gel A and subchronic systemic toxicity of gel C appeared positive, the remaining samples of the test results were negative. This article provides a reference to write standard of cross-linked hyaluronic sodium gel and the revision of standard YY0308-2004.
Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; standards ; Cross-Linking Reagents ; chemistry ; Gels ; Hyaluronic Acid ; standards ; Mice ; Pilot Projects ; Quality Control ; Rabbits ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Toxicity Tests ; methods

It is important to design and build a kinetic loading system for flexing movement of knee joint to study knee biomechanics. The system reported here includes driving device, control device, and flexion angle determination imaging system. The driving device was constructed with a stepper motor and a mechanical transmission with a serried of clamps, shanks and so on, and the driving device was controlled by the control device with micro-control unit, a computer and the serial 232. While the knee joint was driven to move by the stepper motor, the flexion angle of the knee was determined using imaging-based techniques. The system achieved accurate loading and control of speed, extent and duration of knee flexion, as well as fast and non-contract determination of flexion angle during knee flexing movement. The system is simple to build, easy to operate, highly accurate and reliable and it provides an important tool for the study of knee biomechanics, and potentially provides a tool for helping patients of knee surgery during their post operation recovery training.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; physiology ; physiopathology ; Microcomputers ; Orthotic Devices ; Range of Motion, Articular ; physiology ; Stress, Mechanical ; Weight-Bearing ; physiology

The study was aimed to investigate the optimum conditions of freeze drying preservation of amniotic membrane (AM). The AM from the health puerperal woman was preserved by freeze drying at optimized way. The key factors of freeze drying process, including abstersion aqua, conservation liquor, the curve of freezing temperature, and the ingredient of protective agent, were optimized. All their morphologic structure was observed by light microscope and scanning electron microscope. The degradation rates by collagenase IV and the characterization of biomechanics were analyzed. The radio-immunologic method was used to investigate the cytokines quantity. All properties of freeze dried AM were compared with those of fresh AM. Light micrographs showed that the five structure-layers exist both in the fresh AM and in those preserved by freeze drying, while the fibro-material was tight-structured in the fresh AM, but loose slightly; the thickness of fibro-material was larger slightly in freeze dried AM. Scanning electron micrographs show that the micro-hairs of epithelial cells in fresh AM were decreased slightly in optimized drying AM, the collagen fibre of fresh AM and of optimized drying AM were well in morphological structures and arranged tightly. The degradation rate by collagenase IV was faster in optimized drying AM,compared with that of the fresh AM. There were insignificant diversity in biomechanical characters (tensile strength, elongation at break and elastic modulus) of the optimized drying AM compared with fresh AM. The cytokines quantity in optimized drying AM decreased significantly compared with fresh AM. The improved freeze drying process has better advantage in keeping the morphological structure, preferable biomechanics and biological vitality of AM, compared with the early research.
Amnion ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Collagenases ; metabolism ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Female ; Freeze Drying ; methods ; Humans

This paper focuses on the capacity changes of the red blood cells carrying and releasing oxygen. In order to provide theoretical basis and guidance for the clinical treatment of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock, we investigated cases in the occurrence of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock, and also analyzed the mechanism of physiological cause. Twenty healthy SD rats were used to build the hemorrhagic shock model. Red blood cells were collected at the initial step, at blood lose 20%, 30%, and 40% to determine the red blood cells capacities of carrying and releasing oxygen. The Hemox-analyzer was used to measure the thermodynamic parameters of the P50, the kinetic parameters of Tc50 and Tr50. The 2,3-DPG, pH value, glucose and lactate dehydrogenase changes were also captured and recorded. With the aggravation of shock, P50 and lactate dehydrogenase are continuously increased, Tr50, pH value and glucose are tended to reduce significantly, and Tc50 does not change significantly. With the increase of blood loss, red blood cell capacity to carry oxygen is stable, and the ability to release oxygen is increased, so that the oxygen consumption cannot be satisfied, which causes organ failure.
Animals ; Erythrocytes ; metabolism ; physiology ; Female ; Kinetics ; Male ; Oxygen ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Shock, Hemorrhagic ; physiopathology

The hemodynamic characteristics of abdominal arterial bifurcation, such as blood flowing velocity vector, the shear stress at the vessel wall were calculated, studied and compared using the newly-induced boundary element method in this study. It was analysed why the atherosclerosis is asymmetrical at the bifurcation of abdominal arterial. The hemodynamic causes of production and development of the atherosclerotic were reasonabley explained by the shear stress calculation results of left and right common iliac branch vessel walls before and after the lesions. It is shown that the distribution of blood flowing velocity vector, the shear stress at the vessel wall are asymmetrical because of the asymmetrical geometry at the bifurcation of abdominal arterial, so that the shear stress of inner wall is higher than outside. The inner wall shear stress of right common iliac is higher than left. Blood velocity and shear stress increase at the atherosclerotic lesion because the blood vessel becomes narrower, and the blood velocity and shear stress decrease at the downstream of the lesion. It was also shown that the hemodynamic characteristics played a great important role in the occurrence and development of the atherosclerosis diseases at the bifurcation of abdominal arterial. Because of the increase of the shear stress, the atherosclerotic plaque surface will be damaged, leading to tissue hyperplasia. It will be lead to blood cell coacervation that the blood velocity and shear stress decrease at the atherosclerotic plaque downstream.
Aorta, Abdominal ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Atherosclerosis ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Blood Flow Velocity ; physiology ; Finite Element Analysis ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Shear Strength ; physiology ; Stress, Mechanical