ObjectiveTo observe the effect of portal blood flow on rat's liver with prehepatic portal hypertension.MethodsSixty-six male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups:partial portal vein transfixation group( A,n =20),hepatic artery transfixation after partial portal veins transfixation group( B,n =20),hepatic artery transfixation group (C,n =10),SO group( D,n =10 ),hepatic artery and partial portal vein transfixation group ( E,n =6 ).The mortality as well as the biochemical examination wereobserved at the 12th week after operation.Then the density of the microvascular in portal area and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression of intro-hepatic bile duct epithelium were determined by immunohistochemical staining method.The ultra microstructure changes of hepatocytes were observed under transmission electron microscope.Results Biochemical examination,including glutamic-oxa-lacetic transaminase,glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and total protein,showed no significant differences anong all groups (P ＞0.05) at the 12th week after operation.Glutamie-oxalacetic transaminase in group A,in group B,in group C and in group D are (132.69±21.03) U/L,(154.40±28.73) U/L,(125.84±26.60) U/L,(134.02±18.42) U/L; glutamic- pyruvic transaminase in group A,in group B,in group C and in group Dare (39.33±8.62) U/L,(44.84 t9.47)U/L,(40.41±8.04) U/L,(38.47±7.29) U/L.Compared with groups C and D,the mortality rate (group A 20％ ; group B 25％),and the microvascular number in portal area increased obviously in group B and A(P ＜0.05).The proliferating cell nuclear antigen expressions of intra-hepatic bile duct epithelium increased significantly in group B (mean optical density 0.345±0.027 compared with the rest groups mean optical density in group A,in group C and in group D are 0.264 ± 0.015,0.258±0.022,0.249±0.021 ) ( P ＜ 0.01 ) ; fat accumulation in the hepatocytes and mitochondria vacuolization were observed under transmission electron microscopic in group A and group B.ConclusionsThe portohepatic collateral circulation still has its significance in liver blood supply of prehepatio portal hypertensive rat; the epithelium of intra-hepatic bile duct was mildly damaged and the microvascular number in hepatic portal area increased as well as the fat accumulated in hepatocytes of prehepatic portal hypertensive rat; if the hepatic artery blood supply is lost,these changes would become more obviously.

ObjectiveTo explore the early diagnosis and effective treatment of redundant colon,and to reduce the misdiagnosis and shorten the medical treatment time before the diagnosis.MethodsClinical data of twentyseven patients with redundant colon from February 2005 to December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed in General Surgery Department of 117th and 322th People's Liberation Army Hospital.ResultsThe clinical symptoms of 27 patients nainly as early recurrent intractable constipation,bloating,abdominal pain,weight loss and other symptoms,were likely to be in a misdiagnosis.In addition to three patients with redundant sigmoid colon concurrent reverse came to hospital emergency with surgery,twenty-four cases' symptoms persisted and came to many hospitals with medical treatment up to 32 years,diagnosed by the out-patient barium enema.After surgical resection disease bowel,7-11 months follow-up,patients abdominal distension,abdominal pain,constipation,weight loss and other systemic unwell symptoms disappeared.ConclusionThis disease is rare,we must raise the medical staff's awareness of this disease.X-ray examination with barium enema is the best way to diagnose this disease.After diagnosis,surgery is the most effective treatment.

Objective To compare the curative effects of two different approaches in the surgical treatmentof small breast.Methods Fourty-seven patients with small breast were treated at our department.Twenty-eight sides of patients adopted an approach of prosthesis while the nineteen sides of patients were treated in the approach of autologous fat granules injection.Clinical assessment was done by analyzing operation time,blood loss volume,hospitalization duration and recent and long-term complications in breasts.All the pa-tients were followed up for thirty-two months on average.Results During follow-up period the appearance ofbreast was satisfied.Silicone gel breast prosthesis was well tolerated and the whole operation time was about (35±5 )min,the amount of blood loss was (35±5 ) mL,hospitalization duration was (2±1 ) days,during thefollow-up period prosthesis capsular contracture after hematoma occurred in one patient.The use of autolo-gous fat granules injection to breast augmentation was found limited,and the whole operate time was about (35±5 ) rain,the amount of blood loss was (15±5 ) mL,hospitalization duration was (1±1 ) days.With in-jection(2±l)times.During the follow-up period,one patient had infection,one patient liquefied fat,andone patient the induration.Conclusion Each treatment approach has its own advantages and disadvanta-ges.The approprite one should be selected according to the special situation of patients.

Objective To summarize the clinical effects of the treatments of skin necrosis with nickelclad exposure after calcaneal fractures surgery by lateral leg flap. Methods Thirty-five cases of postoperative skin necrosis and nickelclad exposure of calcaneal fractures were repaired by lateral leg flap. Results The flaps was applied successly in 35 cases and followed up from 6 months to 5 years. All cases'wound was primary healing, the texture of the flaps were fine, and the function of the feet was not affected. Conclusion The lateral leg flap is an optimal method for the repair of postoperative skin necrosis and nickelclad expo-sure of calcaneal fractures, which can get satisfactory clinical effects.

Angiogenesis is an important step during the occuring, development and metabsis of tumor which is regulated by some factors. PLGF is one of the VEGF family. It is homologous with VEGF-A, VEC,-FR-1 is its receptor. Although it expresses weakly during physiology. PLGF is an important pathologic angio-genesis factor at the condition such as anoxia, truma or tumor. Becanse its expression becomes strong at path-ologic cyophoria and many kinds of tumors, PLGF has a good value in clinic reasereh.

Objective To compare the effects of laparoscopic cholecystectomy and laparoscopic common bile duct exploration combined choledochoscopic exploration( method A)and duodenoscopic sphincterotomy combined with laparoscopic cholecystectomy( method B) in treating choledocholithiasis with cholecystohthia-sis. Methods A retrospective study was adopted to analyze by statistical methods comparatively the clinical data of 114 patients, concerning operation time, blood lost, odynolysis rate, conversion rate,calculi residual rate ,complication rate ,hospitalization time and cost, et al. 68 cases were treated by method A,and 72 ca-ses were treated by method B. Results There were statistical differences in calculi residual rate, a conver-sion rate, apart complication rates and hospitalization cost between two groups, but there was no statistical difference in other index. Conclusion The two methods for choledocholithiasis and cholecystohthiasis has advantage and shortcoming respectively. The treatment for patients must be individualized by MRCP/USG, actual state of illness, and so on.

Malignant bowel obstruction (MBO) is common in patients with bowel or gynaecological canc-er. Although surgery is the primary treatment for most patients with MBO, it should not be undertaken rou-finely in patients with poor prognosis. Nasogastric drainage is only a temporary measure. Serf-expanding me-tallic stents are optimistic in malignant obstruction of the gastric outlet and proximal small bowel.

Objective To investigate the effects of KLT on apoptosis of HepG2 cells and expression of Bcl-2 and Capase-8. Methods The cell fine HepG2 was induced by diverse density of KLT, and HepG2 cell was collected respectively after induction of 12 h, 24 h, 48 h. The control group was installed simulta-neon]y. The cell apoptosis and the expression of Bcl-2 and Caspase-8 were detected by flow cytometry (FCM). Results KLT can induce the apoptosis of HepG2 cell significantly, and the longer time past, the more apoptosis of HepG2 was. KLT can increase the expression of Caspase-8, but ineffective to Bcl-2. Con-clusion KLT can significantly induce the apoptosis of HepG2 cell through regulating the expression of Caspase-8.

Bile duct stone is the common and frequently-occurring disease, its incidence upwards trend. In recent years, people realize that Oddi sphincter movement disorders play an important role in the inci-dence of bile duct stones. NO, CCK, VIP and theie interactian have effects on sphincter function and dis-charged from the regulation of bile. These factors are necessary to conduct an in-depth study to investigate the cause of bile duct stone and its treatment.

Apoptosis, a mechanism of cell physiological death, is a kind of autonomic and order death process sequence-controlled by gene. Cell Autophngy is a kind process of serf-degrade, by enwraping cytosol and organelles, fusing with the lysosome, finally degrading lumen. There is complex relation between apop-tosis and autophngy. Autophngy can protect cells against death during stress, but it can also mediate cellular demise, depending on the specific circumstances. Bcl-2 family plays an intercross role apeptosis and autoph-ngy. This review focuses on the current research progress of the role of Bcl-2 family in cell autophagy.