Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of metabolic syndrome (MS ) among adults in Wanzhou District of Chongqing City in order to provide reference for carrying out the prevention and treatment of MS in this re‐gion .Methods The multi‐stage random sampling method was adopted to perform the questionnaire survey ,body measurements and laboratory detection in the adult residents aged 18 years old and over extracted from 26 villages ,towns and urban streets .The MS prevalence rate was calculated and MS component distribution situation was analyzed .Results A total of 2 587 people were effec‐tively surveyed .The MS total prevalence rate was 13 .8% ,which was risen along with the age increase .The prevalence rates of ab‐dominal obesity ,hypertriglyceridemia ,low HDL‐C level ,hypertension and hyperglycemia were 16 .5% ,23 .5% ,23 .3% ,35 .5% and 27 .2% respectively .The proportions of people possessing at least 1 ,2 ,3 ,4 components and 5 components of MS were 71 .6% , 36 .2% ,13 .8% ,3 .9% and 0 .5% respectively .Conclusion The prevalence rate of MS reaches a certain level in this region ,it is necessary to carry out the health education of MS ,change the adverse lifestyle ,control the corresponding factors ,which could reduce the MS risk and promotes its reversion .

Objective To explore the effect of the unilateral lumbar anesthesia by hypobaric bupivacaine and general anesthe‐sia in elderly hip replacement and their influence on the stress response .Methods Forty elderly patients undergoing hip replace‐ment in our hospital from December 2013 to November 2014 were selected and randomly divided into the unilateral lumbar anesthe‐sia group and general anesthesia group according to the random number table ,20 cases in each group .Venous blood was collected to determine the levels of blood sugar ,serum catecholamine(CA) and cortisol(CORT ) at 10 min before anesthesia(T0 ) ,end of surgery (T1 ) and at postoperative 24 h(T2 ) .MAP ,HR ,SpO2 ,intraoperative adverse reactions and postoperative related complications were recorded at each time point ,and the comparative analysis was performed .Results All patients successfully completed surgery and the anesthetic effect was satisfied .The occurrence rates of intraoperative hypotension ,hypertension and bradycardia in the unilateral lumbar anesthesia group were lower than those in the general anesthesia group ,the differences had statistical significances (P>0 .05) .HR and MAP at T1 in the two groups were reduced ,but the differences between the two groups were no statistical signifi‐cance(P>0 .05);the levels of GLU ,CORT and CA were increased ,moreover the differences between the two groups were statisti‐cally significant(P<0 .05) .SpO2 at T2 in the general anesthesia group was obviously lower than that in the unilateral lumbar anes‐thesia group ,while CORT was higher than that in the unilateral lumbar anesthesia group ,the differences were statistically signifi‐cant(P<0 .05) .The occurrence rates of postoperative nausea and vomiting ,sore throat ,dizziness ,drowsiness and pulmonary infec‐tion in the unilateral lumbar anesthesia group were lower than those in the general anesthesia group ,the differences were statistical‐ly significant(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The unilateral lumbar anesthesia by using hypobaric bupivacaine and general anesthesia all could offer better anesthetic effect .The unilateral lumbar anesthesia by using hypobaric bupivacaine can effectively regulate the stress response in elderly patients with hip replacement .

Objective To use the genetic diagnosis technique to perform the gene detection in the patients with thalassemia for understanding the main gene mutation types and their gene frequencies .Methods Totally 5 500 outpatients and individuals un‐dergoing physical examination in the hematology department of the Huizhou Municipal Central People′s Hospital from January 2010 to October 2014 were taken as the research subjects .The GAP‐PCR and membrane reverse hypridition technology were adopted to conduct the gene analysis of α‐andβ‐thalassemia .Results A total of 1 604 cases ofα‐globin gene change were detected ,accounting for 29 .16% of the total detected subjects ;1 096 cases ofβ‐globin gene change were detected ,accounting for 19 .93% of the total de‐tected subjects ;119 cases of αβ‐complex thalassemia were detected .Conclusion The gene screening of α‐ and β‐ thalassemia pro‐vides the valuable basic data for conducting the marital and fertility instructions .

Objective To investigate the clinical application of the emergency triage criteria in the Hospital Emergency De‐partment Standardization Process by comparing it with the 5 level national triage system (5L NTS) .Methods Totally 984 patients visiting the emergency department of the Wushan County People′s Hospital from January 1 to January 31 ,2015 were chosen to con‐duct the evaluation of 4‐grade classification standard triage with 5L NTS as the control evaluation criteria .The error rate ,evaluation time and degree of difficulty or ease were compared between the two criteria .Results The error rate of 4‐grade triage standard was 4 .7% ,which of 5L NTS was 3 .6% ,the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 =1 .220 ,P=0 .269) .The triage time had sta‐tistical difference between the two criteria (t= -2 .291 ,P=0 .04) ,while the degree of difficulty or ease in using criteria had no sta‐tistical difference(χ2 =1 .143 ,P=0 .285) .Conclusion The 4‐grade triage criteria recommended by the Hospital Emergency Depart‐ment Standardization Process has no obvious differences in the aspects of triage error rate ,degree of difficulty or ease in use com‐pared with the widely recognized 5L NTS in the world ,and has the clinical promotion value .

Objective To investigate the effect of norepinephrine (NE) on the proliferation and migration capacity of endo‐thelial progenitor cells (EPCs) ,and bone marrow mobilization and to analyze its molecular mechanism .Methods The 8‐week old C57 mice were taken and randomly divided into 3 groups ,5 cases in each group :the blank control group(subcutaneous injection of normal saline without operaion) ,model group(subcutaneous injection of normal saline and ischemia in left lower extremity ) and NE group(subcutaneous injection of NE 100μmol/100 μL and ischemia in left lower extremity) .The limb ischemia model was prepared by adopting the femoral arterial ligation in mouse left lower extremity ,then NE was continuously pumped by the micro‐osmotic pump .The EPCs contents from bone marrow ,peripheral blood and spleen were assayed with the flow cytometric analyzer ;human peripheral blood EPCs were cultured and stimulated by NE .The proliferation and migration capacity ,and the activation situation of Akt and eNOS signal pathway were detected .Results NE could promote the mobilization of bone marrow EPCs in limb ischemia mice ,increased the EPCs quantity of peripheral blood and spleen ,comparing the NE group with the model group ,the EPCs quantity was increased for bone marrow [(3 .271 ± 0 .772)% vs .(1 .320 ± 0 .256)% ] ,peripheral circulation[(0 .261 ± 0 .041)% vs .(0 .110 ± 0 .028)% ] and spleen[(4 .671 ± 0 .345)% vs .(1 .880 ± 0 .0 .381)% ] ,the differences were statistically significant (P<0 .01) .NE could promote the proliferation and migration capacity ,moreover could activate the Akt‐eNOS signal pathway in EPCs with a dose dependent manner .Conclusion NE could promote the proliferation and migration of EPCs and mouse bone marrow mobilization via the Akt‐eNOS signal pathway .

Objective To explore the expression of microRNA‐34a(miR‐34a) in sodium iodoacetate‐induced rat model of os‐teoarthritis rat model and to initially clarify its function .Methods Thirty male Wistar rats were selected .The right knees were in‐jected with sodium iodoacetate (model group) and the left knees served as the control group without injecting by sodium iodoace‐tate .The expression levels of miR‐34a in the synovial fluid and articular chondrocytes were compared between two groups after con‐structing the model .Articular chondrocytes in the two groups were separated for conducting the primary culture ,after miR‐34a knockdown ,the flow cytometry was used to determine cell apoptosis .Results The Makin score in the model group was(5 .09 ± 1 .35)points ,which was (1 .27 ± 0 .64)points in the control group ,the difference had statistical significance (P<0 .05) .Compared with the control group ,the expression levels of miR‐34a in the synovial fluid and articular chondrocytes in the model group were in‐creased ,the difference was statistically significant(P<0 .05) .After the miR‐34a knockdown by using its complementary antisense fragment ,articular chondrocytes apoptosis in the model group was significantly inhibited (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The expression of miR‐34a in the synovial fluid of sodium iodoacetate‐induced knee osteoarthritis is increased ,moreover inhibiting the microRNA‐34a expression could reduce the apoptotic rate of articular chondrocytes in osteoarthritis rat .

Objective To observe the changes of serum lipids ,hs‐CRP ,MFG‐E8 and Klotho gene levels after rosuvatatin treatment in elderly patients with coronary heart disease complicating hyperlipidemia for investigating the action mechanisms of ro‐suvatatin and its application value .Methods Totally 129 elderly patients with coronary artery disease complicating hyperlipidemia in our hospital were randomly divided into two groups .The control group received only conventional treatment ,while on this basis the rosuvatatin group was given rosuvastatin 10 mg everyday ,with 2 months as a treatment cycle .Blood lipids ,hs‐CRP ,MFG‐E8 and Klotho gene levels before and after treatment were compared between the two groups .The regulation effect of rosuvatatin was investigated Results The blood lipod ,hs‐CRP ,MFG‐E8 and Klotho before treatment had no obvious difference between the two groups .The levels of TC ,LDL‐C and TG after treatment in the rosuvatatin group were significantly decreased compared with the control group ,while the HDL‐C level was significantly increased ,the differences were statistically significant (P<0 .05) .In addi‐tion ,the hs‐CRP level after treatment in the rosuvatatin group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0 .05) . Compared with the control group ,the levels of MFG‐E8 and Klotho after treatment in the rosuvatatin group were increased ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Rosuvastatin could decrease the blood lipid and hs‐CRP levels ,up‐regulates the MFG‐E8 and Klotho levels ,alleviates the inflammatory reaction and has the anti‐vascular aging effect ,thus effectively treats the patients with coronary heart disease complicating hyperlipidemia .

Objective To apply the oral gastrointestinal ultrasound contrast agents for evaluating the gastric motility abnor‐mality in the patients with anxiety disorder .Methods Twenty patients with anxiety disorder complicating upper digestive tract symptoms without organic pathological changes were enrolled as the anxiety disorder group .Twenty healthy volunteers were en‐rolled as the control group in this study .The two groups orally took gastrointestinal ultrasound contrast agents .The antral contrac‐tion frequency ,antral contraction amplitude amd MI were measured at each time point .GER was calculated .The the gastric motility parameters in the patients with anxiety disorder were evaluated .Results The antral contraction frequency and MI at initial 2 min had no statistical difference between the anxiety group and the control group .The antral contraction amplitude ,antral contraction frequency amd MI at each time point during 5 -10 min after contrast in the anxiety disorder group were significantly decreased compared with the control group ,and the differences were statistically significant (P< 0 .05) .After 20 min ,GER in the control group was significantly higher than that in the anxiety group ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .Conclusion O‐ral gastrointestinal ultrasound contrast agents is a economic ,strongly operable ,non‐invasive and highly repeatable method for evalu‐ating the gastric motility .

Objective To evaluate the influence of Chinese patent medicine Banlangen Granules and Ganmao Qingre Granules on war‐farin anticogulation effect during the process for treating acute upper respiratory tract infection in the postoperative patients with mechanical valve replacement in order to provide the theoretical reference for clinical medication .Methods The patient receiving mitral valve replace‐ment ,aortic valve replacement or double‐valve replacement and long term postoperative oral warfarin anticoagulation treatment were select‐ed ,moreover the symptoms of complicating acute upper respiratory tract infection occurred .The patients were divided into 2 groups ,30 cases in each group .The group A adopted oral Banlangen Granules ,while the group B was treated by oral Ganmao Qingre Granules .The treat‐ment course was 3 d .The International Normalized Ratio (INR) in the two groups was monitored before medication ,at 72 h after medication and at 72 h after drug withdrawal .Complicating bleeding or embolism reaction was observed .The INR values at various time points were compared between the two groups and the INR values in each group were compared among 3 time points .Results The INR values in the Banlangen Granules group had statistical differences between 72 h and other two time points ,and the INR values at the same time point had statistical difference compared with the Ganmao Qingre Granules group (P<0 .05);the INR value in the Banlangen Granules group had no statistical difference between before medication and at 72 h after medication(P>0 .05) .Thirty cases had no complication occurrence .The Ganmao Qingre Granules group had no statistical difference among various time points (P>0 .05) ,thirty cases had no complication occur‐rence .Conclusion The warfarin combined with Banlangen Granules causes the INR value increase ,while warfarin combined with Ganmao Qingre Granules has no impact on the INR value ,therefore which suggests that the combination use of warfarin and Banlangen Granules should be cautious in clinic .

Objective To analyze the clinical experience of double lumen endobronchial tube intubation in 41 cases of whole lung lavage .Methods Forty‐one patients with whole lung lavage in our hospital from February 2010 to February 2015 were retro‐spectively analyzed .The effect of bronchoscopy and auscultation location method were explored after double‐lumen endobronchial intubation in whole‐lung lavage .Results Among 41 cases ,39 cases were successfully located by using the auscultation location ,and other 2 cases were successfully positioned by using the bronchoscopy position after repeatedly auscultation location method resulting in lung isolation failure .The catheter depth in 19 cases was adjusted after using bronchoscopy ,and then double lung was isolated well and lavage was successfully conducted .Conclusion The prerequisite for success of whole lung lavage is accurate position of double‐lumen endobronchial tube .Bronchoscopy look positioning has become the gold standard of double‐lumen endobronchial tube position .