ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical value and pathological basis of peritumoral hyperenhanced rim (PHR) of renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) on CEUS.MethodsCEUS images of 53 patients with 54 renal tumors (27 RCCs,27 renal angiomyolipomas) were analyzed,and the detection and distribution of PHR were evaluated.HE staining and immunohistochemistry of CD34 were performed in tissue surrounding RCCs (TSR) to observe distribution of psuedocapsule,large vessels,and microvasculars among TSR with different modes of PHR.ResultsPHR was found only in RCCs.PHR distribution between RCCs and angiomyolipomas was statistically different (P＜0.05).Using PHR to diagnose RCC,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value,false positive and false negative was 44.44％ (12/27),100％ (27/27),100％ (12/12),64.29％ (27/42),0 (0/27) and 35.71％ (15/42),respectively.Pseudocapsule distribution between RCCs with PHR and RCCs without PHR was not statistically different (P＞ 0.05).There were rich large blood vessels in TSR with PHR in washin and both phases,and few or thimbleful large vessels were found in TSR without PHR in washout phase.Cancer tissue near the boundary (CTNB) of TSR had the highest microvessel density (MVD).MVD differences in different TSR with PHR were statistically different between washin and washout phases,washin and both phases,both phases with PHR and without PHR (P＜0.05),but no statistical difference was found between washout and both phases (P＞0.05).ConclusionPHR is a highly specific complementary indicator in diagnosing RCC,and it is correlated with rich blood vessels in TSR and (or) a higher MVD value in CTNB.

PET and PET/CT are the methods of displaying the functional and metabolic changes in tissues. With its high sensitivity and specificity, it can be used as a noninvasive systemic functional examination. There are significant values in its diagnosing, staging, treatment directing and prognosis assessing in the malignant lymphoma.

Early diagnosis is the key factor to improve the cure rate and the survival rate of prostate cancer. This article reviewed the main diagnostic techniques of prostate cancer and related progress in research and clinical application.

Right ventricular (RV) function is very important for patients with respiratory and cardiovascular disorders resulting in RV impairments. Since RV has complex geometry of the chamber, it is difficult to accurately measure the RV volumetric parameters with conventional imaging modalities, especially those with dilated and abnormal RV. With the emergence and wide use of new noninvasive imaging modalities in accessing the cardiac anatomy and function, real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE), multi-detector row computed tomography (MDCT) and new MRI sequences, noninvasive quantitative assessment of the RV function has attracted more and more worldwide attention.

Objective To assess the diagnostic value of 3D-CE MRA for nutcracker syndrome (NCS).Methods The 3D-CE MRA appearances of 4 patients of NCS and control group ( 30 persons) were analyzed.Results The left kidney vein (LKV) crossed before abdominal aorta in 4 NCS patients and 30 controls- The average angle of the origin of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) from the abdominal aorta was (84.50±3.60)° in control group,and became small (<30°) in 4 NCS patients.The distance of the origin of the SMA to the beginning of descent was (13.40±5.10) mm,and the SMA and abdominal aorta in the axial plane crossing the LKV was (16.40±5.10) mm in controls,and all decreased in 4 NCS patients whose LKV was obviously compressed.The average ratio of expansion to stenosis caliber of the LKV was 4,5 in 4 NCS patients,whereas 1.4 in the controls.Conclusion 3D-CE MRA can display relation between abdominal aorta,SMA and LKV,thus exactly diagnose the nutcracker syndrome.

Objective To analyze the causes,treatment and prevention of operation-related complications in liver malignancy patients after CT-guided percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy (PMCT).Methods A total of 68 patients with liver malignancy underwent CT-guided PMCT and their complications were analyzed retrospectively.Results The tumor diameter was 2.0-13.8 cm,mean 6.2 cm.Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) was performed before PMCT in 64 patients,and 68 patients received 120 times of PMCT (1-8 times per patient).The main untoward reaction of PMCT was vagus nerve accentuation.Seven patients (7/120,5.83%) had complications including needle-tract implantation (n=2),liver abscess (n=2),pneumatothorax (n=1),cardiovascular accident (n=l) and enormous biloma with infection (n=l),6 were treated finally,and implanted tumor advanced in 1 patient.Conclusion CT-guided PMCT in liver malignancies is a safe therapeutic option with low rate of operation-related complications,which can be prevented and treated.Complications of PMCT are associated with the needle tract,frequency,coagulation range and perioperative management.

Objective To explore the two-dimensional images features and color flow characteristics of scrofula, as well as their application in the localization of scrofula. Methods A total of 110 cases of the scrofula confirmed by operation were retrospectively analyzed. Two-dimensional images and color flow characteristics, the relationship with vascular traveling and the invasion site were recorded. Results Lymph nodes of the lateral neck region along with large vessels were most commonly involved, then followed the submaxillary lymph nodes and the lymph nodes anterior neck longitudinally. There might be multiple lesions behaving differently on two-dimensional images and with different color flow characteristics. Conclusion Most of scrofula can be diagnosed clearly according to the two-dimensional images and color flow characteristics. The description of relationship between involved lymph nodes with vascular, the depth and position of scrofula make the operation safety.

Objective To observe clinical application value of percutaneous interventional techniques for the treatment of complications of AIDS.Methods Twenty-one AIDS patients with complications were enrolled.CT guided percutaneous needle biopsy and drainage were conducted,and the correct rate of diagnosis,clinical curative effect and complications post-interventional therapy were observed.Results The operations of all patients executed successfully.Fourteen patients underwent 16 times biopsy,11 were correctly diagnosed,the diagnostic accordance rate was 81.25%.Drainage was performed in 6 patients with abscess or cystis,then the lesions completely disappeared in 3,deflated in 2,while the rest one needed continously draining.Partial splenic embolization (50%) was performed in 1 patient,and after operation platelet content increased,while hepatic function decreased temporality.No complicated infection and other severe complications occurred.Conclusion Percutaneous interventional techniques for the treatment of complications of AIDS are safe and feasible.Medical staffs should be careful to exposition of HIV infection.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and stability of a newly designed retrievable inferior vena cava (IVC) filter in vitro experiment.Methods In the flow model,thrombus capture rate and stability of the new IVC filter,and the Recovery retrievable filter were tested in varied thrombus size,tube diameters and positions.The process was repeated with a piece of cow aorta to observe the capture rate and stability.Results The emboli capture rate of different embolism diameter (2,3,5 mm) was 91.50%,96.50%and 99.50%,respectively.For two tube diameter (21,28 mm) was 98.00%and 93.67%,respectively.For the two directions (horizontal,vertical) was 94.33%,97.33%,and the total capture rate was 95.83%.Under those different conditions,the capture rates of Recovery filter was 81.00%,91.00%,95.00%;92.33%,85.67% and 87.67%,90.33%,respectively.while the total capture rate was 89.00%.Using the cow vessel,the capture rate was 88.50%,94.00%,98.00%;94.67%,92.33%;91.33%,95.67%,respectively;and the total rate was 93.50%.During experiment,two types of filter did not move or deflect.Conclusion The newly designed retrievable IVC filter is effective and stable in vitro study,and the capability of trapping emboli is better than that of Recovery filter.

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the first choice of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) missed opportunity of exairesis.Angiogenesis is one of the key factors that affect prospective efficacy.Counter-measures against angiogenesis mainly contain complete embolization of tumor blood supply and integration with angiogenesis inhibitors.The angiogenesis after TACE and the corresponding countermeasures were reviewed in this article.