Objective To establish an HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of quercetin and kaempferol inKaempferia galanga L..Methods ODS2 C18 (5μm, 4.6 mm×150 mm) was used as chromatographic column; methanol-0.4% phosphate (47:53) was the mobile phase; the flow rate was 1 mL/min; column temperature was 30℃; the detection wavelength was 367 nm; the injection volume was 10μL.Results Quercetin showed good linear relationship in the range of 0.016 5–1.65μg (r=0.999 7). The average recovery rate was 96.8%, RSD=2.02%; kaempferol showed good linear relationship in the range of 0.014 6–1.46μg (r=0.999 5). The average recovery rate was 97.3%, RSD=1.77%.Conclusion The method is simple, accurate, and with good reproducibility, which can be used for content determination of quercetin and kaempferol inKaempferia galanga L..

Objective To observe the effects of baicalin on forms of hepatic tissue, liver apoptosis, mRNA expressions of iNOS, NF-κB and protein expression of Caspase-3 in rats with ischemia reperfusion injury; To discuss its mechanism of action.Methods The rat models of liver ischemia reperfusion were performed according to the Pringle's method. Rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group, model group and baicalin group. Sham-operation group and model group were given normal saline for gavage, while baicalin group was given baicalin for gavage. Morphological characteristic was observed by HE staining. Hepatocyte apoptosis was determined by TUNEL. The mRNA expressions of iNOS and NF-κB were determined by RT-PCR. The protein expression of Caspase-3 was determined by Western blot.Results Compared with the sham-operation group, mRNA expressions of iNOS and NF-κB and the protein expression of Caspase-3 in the model group increased, as well as liver apoptosis rate (P<0.05,P<0.01); compared with the model group, mRNA expressions of iNOS and NF-κB and the protein expression of Caspase-3 in the baicalin group decreased, as well as liver apoptosis rate (P<0.05), and the hepatic lesion significantly improved in the baicalin group.Conclusion Baicalin can restrain Caspase-3 induced apoptosis by reducing the expressions of iNOS and NF-κB, with a purpose to realize the hepatoprotective effect for liver of rats with ischemia reperfusion injury.

Objective To investigate the changes of saliva biochemical parameters in the dynamic evolution of “normal constitution - kidney deficiency constitution - kidney deficiency syndrome”.Methods Totally 24 male and female SD rats of 3 months old (12 male rats and 12 female rats) were put in packet pair cage. Pregnant rats were randomly divided intoⅠ andⅡ groups, 6 rats in each group.Ⅰ group was without intimidation during pregnancy, with normal feeding, and then after the birth, 20 rats were randomly selected as normal control group and kidney deficiency syndrome model group, 10 rats in each group, half male and half female.Ⅱ group, from gestation day 2, was given intimidation until postnatal. 10 half male and half female rats were randomly selected as model group of kidney deficiency constitution. Rats in each group received normal feeding conditions for 6 weeks. The kidney deficiency syndrome model group was given intramuscular injection of hydrocortisone 25 mg/kg body weight every day, while normal control group and kidney deficiency constitution model group were injected with the same amount of normal saline for 10 consecutive days. The changes of salivary biochemical parameters were observed in each group of rats.Results Compared with the normal control group, salivary pH in the kidney deficiency constitution group and kidney deficiency syndrome group significantly increased (P<0.01). CK, ALT, AST, ALP levels in the kidney deficiency constitution group were reduced, but the contents of K, P, TP, AMY increased. The levels of CK, ALT, AST, ALP and LDH in the kidney deficiency syndrome decreased, while the contents of K, P, TP, and AMY increased (P<0.05,P<0.01). Compared with the kidney deficiency constitution group, the content of LDH in the kidney deficiency syndrome group decreased (P<0.05).Conclusion Rat saliva composition changes did occur in the kidney deficiency constitution group and kidney deficiency syndrome group.

ObjectiveTo observe and explore the effects ofJiakangning Capsules on the expression of ERK1/2 gene and proliferation of FRTL-5 by studying the effects ofJiakangning Capsules collaborated with siRNA on interfering ERK1/2 gene in FRTL-5.Methods FRTL-5 cells in good conditions were divided into control group, negative control group,Jiakangning Capsules collaborated with siRNA group, siRNA interference group, and Jiakangning Capsules group. RT-PCR was performed to detect the expression of ERK1/2 gene in mRNA levels in FRTL-5; Western blotting was performed to detect the expressions of ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2; CCK8 method was used to detect cell proliferation.Results RT-PCR results showed that the ERK1/2 mRNA expression of the control group and negative control group were of no significant difference (P>0.05); compared with the control group, siRNA interference group andJiakangning Capsules group could inhibit ERK1/2 gene mRNA expression in FRTL-5 (P<0.01). Compared with the control group and negative control group, the ERK1/2 mRNA expression of Jiakangning Capsules collaborated with siRNA group decreased obviously (P<0.01). Compared with the control group and negative control group, the expression of p-ERK1/2, ERK1/2 ofJiakangning Capsules group, Jiakangning Capsules collaborated with siRNA group, and siRNA interference group decreased obviously (P<0.01). At the time of 24 h and 48 h after transfection, according to the results of CCK8, compared with the control group and negative control group, the cell proliferation ofJiakangning Capsules group, Jiakangning Capsules collaborated with siRNA group, and siRNA interference group was inhibited (P<0.01).Conclusion Jiakangning Capsules have blocking effect on the phosphorylation of ERK1/2. After ERK1/2 gene was silenced, the thyroid cell proliferation was inhibited. Jiakangning Capsules can collaborate with ERK1/2-siRNA to inhibit FRTL-5 cell proliferation.

Objective To analyze the medication regularity of the prescriptions in the work of Li Dong Yuan; To provide references for inheritance of his academic ideas.Methods The prescriptions in the work of Li Dong Yuan were inputted into the TCM Inheritance Supporting System (V2.5). By using revised mutual information, complex system entropy cluster and unsupervised hierarchical clustering, the composing medication regularity was analyzed.Results Based on the analysis of 470 entries of prescriptions, the frequency of 44 entries was more than 30 times; 19 combinations contained 2 to 3 entries, including 11 entries in total; 14 medicine association rules and their confidence coefficient were obtained, which leaded to 54 new core combinations and 27 new prescriptions. Conclusion The results of this study show Li Dong Yuan’s academic idea of “internal injuries of spleen and stomach, all diseases will born”, which guides the medication regularity of using medicine with the functions of strengthening the middle jiao, invigorating yang, tonifying qi and reinforcing the stomach. The results also provide data support for further study.

Objective To explore the TCM syndrome distribution characteristics of central obesity hypertension patients; To analyze its correlation with urinary microalbumin/creatinine (MA/Cr) ratio; To provide some proof for an efficient way to control central obesity hypertension and prevent and cure its early renal injury with integrated TCM and Western medicine.Methods It was performed in a cross-sectional epidemiological study. The age, gender, height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, medical history and symptoms of 359 central obesity hypertension patients were collected in Shanghai. Then according to the four diagnostic methods, TCM syndromes were recorded. The urinary MA/Cr ratio, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin and hs-CRP levels were detected.Results The urinary MA/Cr detectable rate in Shanghai among central obesity hypertension was 33.4% (120/359), men accounting for 56% and women 44%. Among central obesity hypertension patients, the HOMA-IR and hs-CRP level of urinary albumin group were significantly higher than those of normal group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Among 359 central obesity hypertension patients, 140 people had phlegm-dampness syndrome, accounting for 39%, the largest part; 108 had liver-yang hyperactivity syndrome, accounting for 30%; 61 had yin-yang deficiency syndrome, accounting for 17%; 50 had yin-deficiency and yang-hyperactivity syndrome, accounting for 14%; the number of four TCM syndromes had statistical difference (P<0.05). Urinary MA/Cr ratio of the patients with phlegm-dampness syndrome was significantly higher than that of other three syndromes (P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence rate of early renal damage with central obesity hypertension patients is high in Shanghai area, and the early stage of renal damage is associated with insulin resistance and inflammatory reaction. Among central obesity hypertension, phlegm-dampness syndrome and liver-yang hyperactivity account for the majority, and patients with phlegm- dampness syndrome are more likely to have early kidney damage.

Theory of “combination of disease with syndrome” has been widely used in the establishment and evaluation of experimental animal models. The ulcerative colitis animal models with spleen-kidney yang deficiency pattern were established based on the theory according to complex factors. These models were not only required to show the features of “disease” and “syndrome” at the macro characterization, but also combined with microscopic biological indicators and prescription test so as to make comprehensive evaluation. But the problems in the establishment and evaluation of “combination of disease with syndrome” models hindered further development, such as the weak connection between disease and syndrome, multiplicity of models, and limitations in evaluation standards. Therefore, further improvement in the establishment and evaluation of models will make great sense to better ulcerative colitis animal models with spleen-kidney yang deficiency pattern.

Targeting characteristic information processing of TCM pulse diagnosis, this article studied the application of fuzzy mathematics in objectifying pulse diagnosis. By analyzing limitations of traditional analytic methods, this article offered the scientific evidence of using mathematical algorithm in pulse diagnosis. At the same time, combined with actual clinical data, it also verified the correctness of introduction mathematical algorithm in TCM pulse diagnosis.

Chemotherapy induced phlebitis is a kind of acute and local inflammation caused by chemotherapeutics, which has complicated factors. There are many prevention measures. One of them is phytotherapy, which is widely used as a part of natural therapy. This article summarized the phytotherapy used for chemotherapy induced phlebitis, with the purpose to provide the references for enhancing the clinical intravenous administration and ensuring the smooth progress of chemotherapy.

Traditional Chinese medicine has advantages in treating chronic glomerulonephritis. According to the articles in recent years, the therapeutic methods of TCM include not only syndrome differentiation, but also symptomatic treatment, modification of the chief prescriptions, Chinese traditional patent medicine, single Chinese herb, and combined internal and external treatment, which all have achieved some remarkable effects. However, the majority of articles were about personal experience and clinical observation which lack experimental study on the therapeutic mechanism. Therefore, the results of relative researches should be under objective evaluation. A large number of experimental researches on the therapeutic mechanism and standardized clinical observation need to be carried out in the future.