Objective To optimize the extraction process of Kanglao Qingfei granules. Methods Orthogonal test design was used to study the influence of soaking time, water content, extraction time on extraction technology with bergenin's extraction rate, total polysaccharides's extraction rate and extract yield as evaluation indexes. Results The optimum extraction process conditions were as follows:the raw materials were immersed in water for 1.0 h and extracted two times under reflux, and the ratio of water volume to raw materials weight was 10 and 8 (mL/g), and extraction time was 2.5 h and 2.0 h, respectively. Conclusion The optimized extraction process was simple and stable, which can provide foundation for industrial production of Kanglao Qingfei granules.

Objective To analyze the composition principles of Chinese patent drugs containing Lonicerae Japonicae Flos (Jinyinhua) in National Standard for Chinese Patent Drugs (NSCPD) enacted by Ministry of Public Health of China by using Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System (TCMISS), and provide reference for its clinical application and development. Methods Based on TCMISS (V2.0), with methods of association rules and improved mutual information method, we analyzed the composition patterns and rules of single drugs and drug combinations. Results Through analyzing on the 201 patent drugs, 21 core drug combinations and 19 diseases that Jinyinhua commonly used were mined, from which influenza, and sore and ulcer were chosen to further analysis, including core drugs and drug combination rules, syndrome etc, disclosing the composition principles of Jinyinhua used in different diseases. Conclusion Patent drugs containing Jinyinhua collected from NSCPD mainly could clear heat and remove toxicity, and the composition principles reflect the compitable characteristics of Jinyinhua in treating different diseases, which are in accordence with clinical application of multiple-efficacy drugs.

Objective To establish a method for determination of polysaccharides in Weixuening Granule, which can be used for quality control of the preparation. Methods Polysaccharides was determined by improved differential phenol-sulfuric method with glucose as reference, and the color conditions were optimized at the wavelength of 487 nm, with the concentration of phenol and sulfuric acid, and reaction time as investigated factors. Results The best color conditions of polysaccharides were 0.04 g/mL phenol 1 mL, 87.5% sulfuric acid 5 mL, and reaction time of 15 min. Glucose had a good linear relationship with absorbanceΔA at the range of 15.3-306.0μg, r=0.999 7. The average recovery was 103.5%, and RSD was 2.9%. The average content of polysaccharides in Weixuening Granule was 27.04%and RSD was 1.1%. Conclusion The method is simple, accurate, stable and reliable, and can be used to determine the content of polysaccharides in Weixuening Granule.

Objective To investigate the optimal extraction process of Jiangtang Tongluo Granule. Methods The orthogonal design was used in the extraction, according to the yield rate and content of paeoniflorin, with the volume of water, extraction times and extraction time as factors. The content of paeoniflorin was detected by HPLC method to determine the best extraction technology. Results The optimal water extracting technology of Jiangtang Tongluo Granule was performed by 1 h extraction for 3 times, with 10-fold volume of water. Conclusion The process is stable, feasible and reasonable, and provides a foundation for the further production and quality control.

Objective To optimize the extraction process of Albizia julibrissin in Baijin Capsule. Methods Using the extraction rate of quercitrin and total flavonoids as indexes, the orthogonal design was used to investigate effects of solvent volume, extraction time and extraction frequency on extraction results. Results The optimal extracting condition was as follows:extracted 2 times with 12 fold 70%alcohol, 2 h for each time. Conclusion The optimized process condition was simple, stable and feasible. It provides the basis for the production of Baijin Capsule.

Objective To explore self-emulsifying particle size characterization methods and compare the regularity of various methods. Methods By setting the clarity level of turbidity standard solution, with two less soluble drugs-diterpene lactone compounds Chuanhuning and dihydropyridine drug nifedipine as model drugs, 10-12 clarity level prescriptions were selected from six different ternary phase diagram. Laser particle size scanner was used to determine the particle size, and UV-visible spectrophotometry to determine its absorbance. Three methods of particle size characterization rules were compared by drawing charts. Results There was a positive correlationship among droplet particle size, absorbance and clarity grade of emulsion formed by prescription in the same phase diagram. But, there was no regularity among droplet particle size, absorbance and clarity grade of emulsion formed by prescription in different phase diagram. Conclusion The droplet particle size of emulsion formed by prescription containing the same drugs and excipients in different proportions can be compared by clarity with visual method or absorbance with UV-visible spectrophotometer.

Objective To establish the quality standard of Compound Kangganling Granules. Methods TLC method was used for qualitative identification of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Forsythiae Fructus, and HPLC method was used for determination of chlorogenic acid in the preparation. The HPLC separation was performed on Diamonsil C18 column. The mobile phase was consisted of acetonitrile-0.4%phosphoric acid (20∶80, V/V), and the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. Results TLC identified chlorogenic acid in Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and phillyrin in Forsythiae Fructus. The linear relationship of chlorogenic acid in the preparation measured by HPLC was A=30461C-5938.8, r=0.9998, RSD=1.01%, showing that the linear range of chlorogenic acid was 10.2-102.0μg/mL. Conclusion The method is accurate and rapid, with good stability, reliability and reproducibility, and can be used for the quality control and evaluation of the preparation.

Objective To establish the fingerprint of amino acids composition of Jinlong capsule. Methods Using 6-acetamido-4-hydroxy-2-methyl quinoline (AQC) as the derivating agent, 17 kinds of amino acids were analyzed by UPLC at the same time and the fingerprint of amino acids composition of Jinlong capsule was established. Result Totally 22 co-possessing peaks were selected as the fingerprint peaks, 17 kinds of amino acids were identified. The fingerprint similarity value of 10 batches was above 0.9. Conclusion The fingerprint is characteristic and can be used for the quality control of Jinlong capsule.

Objective To observe the anti-cancer effect in vitro of Aitongxiao Granules containing serum on SMMC-7721 and Bel-7404 liver cancer cells, thus revealing the anti-cancer mechanism of the treatment in adjusting proliferation and apoptosis. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered by gastrogavage Aitongxiao decoction of 86.4, 43.2, 21.6 g/kg twice a day for 1 week. Using serum pharmacologic method, the proliferation of SMMC-7721 and Bel-7404 liver cancer cells were determined by MTT chromatometry after co-cultured with medicated serum containing different concentration of Aitongxiao decoction. The apoptosis of SMMC-7721 and Bel-7404 liver cancer cells were detected by flow cytometry. Results The research in vitro showed that Aitongxiao Granules containing serum low, medium and high dose groups had varying degrees of inhibition on hepatoma cells, and this inhibition showed a concentration dependence within a certain range. Aitongxiao Granules containing serum could induce apoptosis of human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells and Bel-7404 cells. Conclusion Aitongxiao Granules showed effect of inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis on SMMC-7721 and Bel-7404 cells in vitro.

Objective To investigate the effects of Zuogui Jiangtang Yishen decoction (ZGJTYS) on the expression of nephrin and podocin in podocyte of MKR mice with diabetic nephropathy (DN), and explore its mechanism. Methods Forty MKR mice (8 weeks old) were randomly divided into four groups as follows:negative control group (group A), DN model group (group B), ZGJTYS group (group C) and positive control group (group D, Gliquidone and benazepri). All mice from group B, C and D were received high-fat diet feed and unilateral nephrectomy. Four weeks after operation, all mice were received drug intervention, and four weeks later, all mice were put to death. The levels of UmAlb were observed by ELISA, the serum BUN and Cr by biochemical, and the FBG by electrochemical detection method. The nephrin and podocin mRNA expression were measured by RT-PCR and the protein expression by western blotting. The morphological structure changes of the podocytes were observed by transmission electron microscopes. Results As compared with group A, FBG, BUN, SCr and urine UmAlb in the mice of group B increased significantly (P<0.01), the expression level of nephrin and podocin mRNA and protein were markedly decreased (P<0.01). After intervention of drugs, all biochemical indicators above in the mice of group C and D significantly decreased (P<0.01), the expression level of nephrin and podocin mRNA and protein were markedly increased (P<0.01, P<0.05), compared with group B. The renal pathological lesions of group C and D were significantly improved compared with group B. Conclusion ZGJTYS decoction exerts reno-protective effect via reinstating nephrin and podocin expression to repair the damaged podocyte.