Objective To set up an animal model of high altitude pulmonary edema(HAPE) by putting SD rats in the condition simulating high altitude where is hypoxic and cold,in addition the SD rats are forced to swim.Methods SD rats were divided into normal control group and experiment group(SD rats were put into the stimulated 4 000-meter low pressure chamber;Temperature: 8:00-20:00 10 ℃,20:00-8:00 4 ℃;Everyday the rats were forced to swim 6 times a day,once every 4 hours,each for 40 min).The rat lung arterial pressure was observed and pulmonary tissue was collected for pathological examination at 24,48,72 h.Results PaO_(2),SaO_(2),_()PaCO_(2) in the experiment decreased significantly.Lung arterial pressure increased significantly at 72 h,consistent with the progression of clinical HAPE.About 70.2% rats in the experiment exhibited swollen and thicken pulmonary tissue,the smaller alveolar cavity,but no case of alveolar edema was found.Conclusion The animal model of HAPE is successfully replicated,but the alveolar model of HAPE needs further study.

In multilayer spiral CT heart and coronary artery imaging, image data are acquired by ECG gating technology when heart beats slowest so as to restrain pulsation pseudo-image. ECG gating technology includes foresight ECG gating and retrospective ECG gating. The principle, methods and mutual image reconstruction are introduced in this paper.

Objective To compare analgesic efficacy of intravenous postoperative and preemptive analgesia with flurbiprofen axetil combined with small dose of morphine and with morphine alone. Methods One hundred and twenty patients were randomly divided into four groups: group A,morphine 30 mg +0.9% NaCl for postoperative analgesia,n=30;group B,morphine 20 mg +0.9% NaCl for postoperative analgesia,n=30;group C,flurbiprofen axetil 100 mg + morphine 20 mg +0.9% NaCl for postoperative analgesia,n=30;group D,flurbiprofen axetil 100 mg before operation + morphine 20 mg +0.9% NaCl for postoperative analgesia,n=30.The drugs in each group were diluted to 100 mL and infused by a pump at a rate of 2 mL/h with a patient-controlled analgesia(PCA)bolus of 2 mL after a loading dose of 5 mL.The visual analogue scale(VAS),demanding times for PCA and incidence of side effects were recorded during the period of postoperative 24 h. Results The VAS of group B at 3 h after operation was significantly higher than those of the other three groups(P

Objective To study the effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on traumatized cerebral neurons and investigate its mechanism in attenuating cerebral damage.Methods Seventy-two rats were randomly assigned to a control group,a traumatic brain injury group or a traumatic brain injury group treated with hyperbaric oxygen. Each group was observed 1,7 and 24 days after the operation.TUNEL was used to examine the distribution of apop- tosis cells.An immunohistoehemical method was used to examine the distribution of Bcl-2 and Bax immunoreactive- positive cells in the brain tissues.Results The average percentages of both apoptosis cells and Bcl-2 immunoreac- tive-positive cells were lower in the CAl region of the traumatized brains treated with hyperbaric oxygen than in those of the traumatic injury group at each time of observation.A significant difference in Bax immunoreactive-positive cells between the two groups was also observed.Conclusion Hyperbaric oxygen therapy can significantly protect neurons against traumatic brain injury and modulate the expression of the apoptosis related genes Bcl-2 and Bax.This may ex- plain the protective mechanisms of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in treating traumatic brain injury.

Epidemiologic Studies ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; epidemiology

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of serum soluble transferrin receptor(sTfR) in children with iron deficiency anemia(IDA).Methods Sixty-three children with microcytic hypochromic anemia were divided into IDA and non-IDA(n-IDA)groups,on which sTfR and other iron metabolism related indexes such as serum ferritin(SF) and serum iron(SI) were measured,and(t-test) between groups and analysis of ROC curve were carried out.Results The mean concentration of sTfR in the group of IDA was above normal value and t-test difference was extremely significant compared with n-IDA group(P

Hot melt extrusion (HME) is an effective method to make the drugs form amorphous solid dispersions (ASD) inmicrostructure, through which we can improve the dissolution behavior so as to improve the bioavailability ofhydrophobic drugs This review mainly focuses on the. screening of active pharmaceutical ingredients and polymer carriers, feasibility evaluation of the technique, and the control of key parameters of preparation process, summarizes the application of HME to develop drug delivery system.

Objective To investigate the effect of Smad7 gene on the activation of rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in primary culture and on the regulation on gene expression of HSCs. Methods HSCs were isolated from male SD rats by collagenase perfusion of liver from portal vein and by 8.2% Nycodenz gradient centrifugation, and thereby transfected with AdSmad7 and AdGFP (control) respectively. The mRNA expression of transforming growth factor (TGF) ?1, Smad3 and Smad7 were measured by RT-PCR. Meanwhile, Smad7 and ?-smooth muscle actin (?-SMA) expressions were detected by immuno- cytochemistry. Results The expression of Smad7 mRNA in AdSmad7 group increased remarkably compared with TGF?1 control group, while the expression of Smad3 and TGF?1 mRNA remains unchanged. The expression of Smad7 protein was significantly higher in AdSmad7 group than that in other three groups. Accordingly, the expression of ?-SMA protein in the group of HSCs transfected with AdSmad7 was the lowest(P

Objective To explore the effect and experience of problem-based (PBL) teaching in neurosurgical clinical training and improve the quality of the neurosurgical clinical training. Methods 600 clinical medical students of Grade 2011 in their probation in our department of neurosurgery were chosen as the subjects of study and were randomly divided into the experimental (PBL, 15 groups, 20 people/group, over 300 people) and control groups (CBL+ LBL, 15 groups, 20 people/group, over 300 people). In experimental group, PBL which is a problem-based, student-centered and teacher-directed pedagogy was adopted. In control group, CBL (case-based learning) + LBL (lecture-based learning) were adopted. After probation, two groups of students had the unified test and assessed their teaching methods by questionnaire survey and at the same time, the questionnaire survey about PBL' impact on the various aspects was done only to experimental group students. SPSS 15.0 software was used to do statistical analysis and data were processed by description analysis, t test, Mann-Whitney U test and correlation analysis. Results The scores of theoretical knowledge and general ability in PBL group [(40.57 ±3.24), (41.23 ±4.56) individually] were higher than these in control group [(37.21 ±4.05), (36.51±4.11) individually]. The differences demonstrated statistically meanings. Through the surveys, the students in experimental group showed the high satisfaction (97.0%, n=291) in PBL teaching. Most of the students considered that their abilities of team cooperation (96.7%, n=290), and self-directed learning (92.7%, n=278) were improved by PBL teaching. The students in experimental group illustrated their attitudes in satisfaction of teaching; interests of clinical training, participation of teaching and understanding of knowledge were superior to the control group. The differences demonstrated statisti-cally meanings. Conclusion PBL teaching got a good effect in neurosurgical clinical training. This method, which improved students' participation and motivation of study and contributed to the training of medical students' comprehensive abilities, is suitable for modern neurosurgical clinical training.

Objective To explore the value of CT in diagnosing abdominal leiomyosarcoma.Methods CT findings of abdominal leiomyosarcomas conformed pathologically in 9 patients were analyzed.Results The tumors localized in peritoneum in 3 cases,in stomach in 3 cases,in rectum,colon and uterus in 1 case respectively.On plain CT scan,the tumors appeared as unhomogeneous dense masses with mecrosis at the centre,the periphery of tumors was flocculation or ringlike,and having fluid-fluid level in 1 case.The delayed peripheral enhancement on contrast CT could be seen.Conclusion CT imaging can help to diagnosis the abdominal leiomyosarcoma.