Group B Streptococcus ( GBS) is a conditional pathogenic bacteria related to late-term abortion, premature delivery, premature rupture of membranes, perinatal infection, neonatal sepsis and other diseases.Prevention and treatment guidelines by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC) suggest that all the pregnant women at 35-37 gestational weeks should screen for GBS .The detection methods for GBS include microbiology , immunology, molecular biology, etc.The appropriate method should be chosen depending on circumstances .Penicillin is recommended for the preventive treatment of GBS , and the treatment for the insensitive should base on the antibiotic susceptibility results .No vaccine against GBS is currently available for clinical use .

ObjectiveTo discuss the clinical value of mechanical ventilation in treatment the children with critical hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) complicated with neurogenic pulmonary edema.MethodsThe clinical manifestations,laboratorydata,treatment,and outcome of 35 children with critical HFMD complicated with neurogenic pulmonary edema were retrospectively analyzed.Results35 cases had fever,34 cases had skin rash,33 cases had limb jitter,30 cases were easily frightened,30 cases lack of energy,34 cases had respiratory rhythm changes,18 cases vomited foam,18 cases poured pink in nose and mouth,22 cases had disturbance of consciousness,8 cases had flaccid paralysis.There were 30 cases with bilateral pulmonary exudative lesions in Chest X-ray.35 children were given mechanical ventilation based on the comprehensive treatment,and 3 cases of lower limb mobility impairments,12 cases died of pulmonary hemorrhage within 24 hours of admission,the rest was released.ConclusionEarly mechanical ventilation based on the comprehensive treatment is an important measure of successful treatment in children with critical HFMD complicated with neurogenic pulmonary edema.

The author first argues that the significance of sectionalizing the medical market is that it is conducive to the discovery of market opportunities; it is conducive to the possession of a greater market share; and it provides a basis for the hospital to identify its target market. Then he sets forth the requirements for sectionalizing the medical market, viz. measurability, accessibility, relative stability, and availability of benefit. Finally he expounds the classification methods when sectionalizing the medical market and the principles for a hospitals selection of a target medical market. These include an appropriate scale and market, a certain purchasing power and endurance, a market not yet completely monopolized by competitors, a market the hospital is capable of managing, a relatively steady social environment, and observance of the procedure for selecting a target medical market.

Several multi-gene assays have been developed to predict the risk of recurrence in patients with early-stage, estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer. Among them, Oncotype DX 21-gene assay is widely applied among node-negative patients because of its unique prediction of therapeutic benefit. Although many retrospective stud-ies have proved its prognostic and predictive value in node-positive population, evidence from large prospective clinical trials remains insufficient. When combined with clinicopathological variables, the assay has been shown to impact adjuvant treatment decision making in a cost-effective manner. This article reviewed the available clinical evidence for the prognostic and predictive value, unique advantages, the effect on treatment decision making, cost-effectiveness and contradictories of 21-gene assay in early-stage luminal breast cancer patients.

The Chinese University students have low enthusiasm in classroom participation,so the classroom atmosphere is inactive.This article elaborates this point from three aspects such as how to cultivate the students' sense of classroom participation and enhance the English teaching quality.

Cooperative learning is a system of teaching pattern known for its contribution to the improvement of the class teaching effect,which has been successfully applied in middle schools and secondary vocational schools. Its application to oral English teaching for international nursing majors in higher vocational colleges can not only promote the students’oral English and communicative ability,but also help to cultivate their consciousness of cooperation and team work.

Since recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) was licensed for growth hormone deficiency(GHD) in 1985,it has been available in short stature associated with Turner syndrome (TS),being born small for gestational age,idiopathic short stature,chronic renal insufficiency in the last 20 years.The overall safety profile of rhGH continues to be favorable,but careful monitoring for the presence of certain conditions is important both during and after therapy.Reasonable indication,time of therapy and dosage are important to obtain the ideal result and save the expense.Besides,the efforts to improve rhGH therapy and increase compliance have also led to the investigation of extended-release rhGH and less invasive administration routes.Recent advances in the treatment of rhGH are reviewed in details.

It has been well established that interactions between CD40 and CD40L,expressed in a variety of cell types including platelets,vascular endothelial cells,and immune cells,are actively involved in the development of glomerulonephritis,lupus nephritis,and the other kidney disease caused by immunological and unimmunological factors,and that tubular cells expression of CD40 was correlated well with the degree of tubulointerstitial inflammation and injury.The development of therapeutic strategies specifically accommodating CD40/CD40L seem promising against renal glomerular disease.The paper reviews the new advances in this

Objective:To prepare DHAQ-GM-CSF immunoliposomes and observe the cytotoxicity of HL60 cells treated with the immunoliposomes for providing the preclinical data for AML therapy. Methods:DHAQ liposomes were prepared by reverse-phase evaporation(REV),and GM-CSF was coupled to the DHAQ liposomes.The cytotoxicity of HL60 cells treated with the immunoliposomes was measured by tetrazolium microculture(MTT) celluar cytotoxicity test.The data of cellar untrastructure and apoptotic rate were collected by transmission electron microscopy,and flow cytometric analysis. Results:DHAQ-GM-CSF immunoliposomes had better effects on the cytotoxicity of HL60 cells than DHAQ liposomes and DHAQ.The cellar untrastructure was markly destroyed and many apoptotic bodies formed after the treatment. Conclusion:DHAQ-GM-CSF immunoliposomes are successfully prepared and verified,which have targeting cytotoxicity on HL60 cells.The study establishes the foundation for futher investigation.

Objective To establish a method for the identification of Rhizoma Alismatis. Methods HPLC combined with evaporation light scattering detector(ELSD) was applied. Chromatographic column was Macherey-Nagel C18(250 mm?4 mm,10 ?m),acetonitrile -water (4 ∶1) used as mobile phase,flow rate 0.5 mL/min,gas flow rate of ELSD 2.25 L/min and the temperature of drift tube at 70 ℃. Results In the extraction of the authentic Rhizoma Alismatis,both alisol A24-acetate and alisol B23-acetate could be estimated;in the extraction of Rhizoma Alismatis from the market,the alisol A24-acetate could be estimated only;and only alisol B23-acetate could be estimated in the extraction of the standard powder of Rhizoma Alismatis. Conclusion The method is efficient,practical and easy to operate for detecting and identifying Rhizoma Alismatis.