Objective If IL-2 and IFN-? are united,perhaps we may see a more significant antitumor effect.A fusion gene of IL-2 and IFN-? was designed and constructed by DNA engineering.Methods CEA promotor、IL-2cDNA and IFN-?cDNA were obtained by PCR and RT-PCR.SDS-PAGE was used to examine the results;pcDNA-IL-2、pcDNA-IFN-?、pCEA-IL-2/ IFN-?、pEGFP-IL-2/ IFN-? were transfected to CEA high expression cell line(Lovo)by use of liposome.The fusion protein expression was examined by fluorescence microscope and Western blotting.Results IL-2/ IFN-? fusion gene can be expressed in tumor cells.Its expression is more obvious in CEA high expressed cells(Lovo),and can be located in cell plasma.Conclusion The fusion gene can be expressed in plasma of CEA high expressed cell lines.It may have a new anti-tumor effects.

The incidence of malnutrition among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) constantly increases despite the development of health care and dialysis techniques.New nutritional targets for CKD patients upon maintenance treatment have been developed.Before dialysis,evidences have shown that a long-term nutritional care plan,with a control of protein intake,can effectively correct metabolic disorders including proteinuria and acidosis.During the maintenance dialysis,the optimal protein and energy intakes have been recently challenged.The new classification of nutritional disorders in CKD patients may help the easily identification of protein-energy wasting.

The initiation and development of diabetic chronic complications is associated not only with the level of blood glucose,but also with the glucose fluctuation.The damage in large artery and microvessel may be caused by glucose fluctuation.There are two causes which induce glucose fluctuation in clinical:one is postprandial hyperglyceamia with not well controlled,the other is hypoglycemia causes by unsuitable therapy.A lot of effective new types of substances were applicated in clinical,such as ?-glucosidase inhibitor,glinide-insulin secretagogus,fast-acting and long-acting insulin analogues.With these new powerful tools,there is possibility to treat diabetes more correctly and safely,and control the blood glucose in a stable and good level.

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; trends ; China ; Hip Prosthesis ; Humans ; Prosthesis Failure

Humans ; Osteotomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Scoliosis ; surgery

Humans ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Spine ; surgery

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of prevention and control measures in drinking waterborn endemic fluorosis areas after water improvement in Xuchang City,Henan Province.Methods In the drinking water-born endemic fluorosis areas of Xuchang City,Henan Province,15 villages were selected based on the following parameters:the unimproved water group,the water improvement time ＜ 3 years group,the water improvement time 3-5 years group and the water improvement time ＞ 5 years group,using a multi-stage random sampling method.In those villages,the concentration of urinary fluoride was tested by the ion selective electrode method on 30 children selected by every village,and Deans method was applied for diagnosis of dental fluorosis on all students age 8-12 years old of the 15 villages.Results The dental fluorosis prevalence rates of the unimproved water group,the water improvement time ＜ 3 years group,the water improvement time 3-5 years group and the water improvement time ＞ 5 years group were 53.57％ (120/224),63.64％ (98/154),37.30％ (47/126) and 22.99％ (40/174),respectively,and the urinary fluoride geometry means were 2.10,1.30,1.07 and 1.02 mg/L,respectively.The prevalence of dental fluorosis was significantly different between the improvement time 3-5 years and the unimproved water groups (x2 =8.56,P ＜ 0.008),and between the improvement time ＞ 5 years and the unimproved water groups too (x2 =38.10,P ＜ 0.008).The geometric mean of urinary fluoride was significantly different between the improvement time ＜ 3 years and the unimproved water groups (q =5.66,P ＜ 0.01),between the improvement time 3-5 years and the unimproved water groups (q =8.14,P ＜ 0.01),and between the improvement time ＞ 5 years and the unimproved water groups (q =8.28,P ＜ 0.01).The level of urine fluoride in children was positively correlated with the fluoride content in the village (r =0.659,P ＜ 0.01),and was positively correlated with dental fluorosis index too (r =0.758,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The content of urinary fluoride has decreased significantly in less than three years after water improvement in drinking water-born endemic fluorosis areas.The incidence of dental fluorosis in children is related to the improvement of water supply.The longer the time of the water improvement,the more obvious the detection rate decreased more obvious.

Objective To discuss the application and effect of evaluation system in the experiment teaching of pathogenic biology and immunology.Methods The study was based on result of the peacetime assessment,operating test and theory test of 1303 clinical medicine students of Grade 2013.Reversion 3.2.3 was used to calculate the normal distribution,difficulty index,discrimination index and correlation coefficient,and then the characteristics of the assessment methods and the relationship among the components were analyzed.Result The operation test and theoretical test showed a good normal distribution,but the peacetime result showed a certain negative skewness.It was an easy evaluation model because the difficulty index of the examination system was more than 0.70.In peacetime grade,the proportion of high scores accounted up to 62.09％,and the degree of differentiation was low,only about 0.10.In the evaluation system,there were significant positive correlations (r＞0,P＜0.01) in the peacetime,operation and the theoretical results.Conclusion The performance,operation and theoretical results according to the 3:3:4 ratio is reasonable,but some of the problems need to be improved.

Objective:To construct a eukaryotic vector containing human TACI-linker-BR3-IgGFc double receptor fusion gene and to investigate its expression in COS-7 cells.Methods: The standard cloning technology was employed to construct the(title) vector,which was then used to transfect COS-7 cells by lipofectamine 2000.The expression of target protein and their interaction with BAFF and APRIL protein were examined by Western blot,ELISA,and immunohistochemistry methods.Results: The expression of the fusion protein was observed in transiently transfected COS-7 cells, with the transfection efficiency being 48%.The fusion protein was detected in the supernatant.It suggested that the fusion protein interacted well with BAFF and(APRIL) proteins;the IgGFc tag did not influence the natural assembly and the biological activity of fusion proteins.Conclusion: A vector containing TACI-linker-BR3 double receptor and IgGFc fusion gene has been successfully constructed and the(subsequent) fusion protein is bioactive,which paves a way for further research on the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and biotherapy strategy.

Objective To clone mouse FasL(mFasL) full length cDNA and construct eukaryotic expression vector,and to detect its expression in dendritic cells.Methods RT-PCR and TA cloning technique were used to clone the mFasL full length cDNA from mouse activated T lymphocytes,and then eukaryotic expression vector pIRES2EGFP containing mFasL cDNA was constructed.The positive recombinants pIRES2EGFP-mFasL were transfected into dendritic cells(DC),the expression of mFasL mRNA was detected by RT-PCR and the expression of mFasL protein was assayed by immunofluorescence and Western blotting.Results The cloned full reading frame of mFasL cDNA was in coincidence with the sequence registered in GenBank.In the DC after transfection of pIRES2EGFP-mFasL,the expressions of mFasL mRNA and mFasL protein were detected.Conclusion The mFasL cDNA was cloned and constructed into the eukaryotic expression vector successfully,and mFasL gene could be expressed efficiently in DC transfected by pIRES2EGFP-mFasL.