Problems in pathology teaching requires the introduction of PBL pedagogy.Teaching experiments show that PBL teaching has a positive impact on the improvement of clinical medical students'ability and quality and can be conditionally applied and promoted. And at the same time, it is a challenge to traditional teaching mode of pathology and therefore the reform of medical education needs to be deepened.

Implementing PBL teaching in the political theory course,making sure the scientific nature of the problem setting are the fundamental guarantees of the right track of political theory education.There are several specific approaches to implement the PBL teaching effectively:leading up to the problem when teacheing in the large class; completing the analysis and research by dividing groups; carrying out class discussions by teams; submitting discussion experiences by each student.Practice has proved that,PBL teaching is better than LBL one.

Aim: To develop marine microporous osmotic pump tablets and to investigate drug release in vitro of the optimized formulation and the release mechanism.Methods: Wet granulation and film-coating were used to develop marine micro-osmotic pump tablets.In vitro release studies were applied to evaluate the impacts of various factors on the release of the formulation.Central-composite design was exploited to aid the optimization of the formulation,and the mechanism of in vitro release was characterized.Results: There existed fairly good reproducibility in the preparation of marine micro-osmotic pump tablets.It was found that no change in the release rate of the tablets were elicited by the pH of the release media,the rotating speed selected,the hardness of the tablet core,and the amount of the plasticizer incorporated into the coating formulation.It was proved that the release of marine micro-osmotic pump tablets was closely related to the magnitudes of NaCl amount in the tablet core and the pore former in the coating formulation as well as the coating level.In addition,there existed 12-hr zero-order kinetics in the in vitro release study of the tablets.Moreover,it was shown that the osmotic pressure-controlled delivery is greatly responsi-ble for the release of the developed tablets.Conclusion: The prepared marine microporons osmotic pump tablets are expected to be a new sustained-release medication.

Objective To investigate the level of urinary TGF-β1 and evaluate its clinical significance in patients with chronic nephritis.Methods 22 healthy people and 40 patients with chronic nephritis were selected,the levels of urinary TGF-β1 were measured by RT-PCR and ELISA.Results Urinary TGF-β1 were significantly increased in Mesangial Proliferative Glomerulonephritis (76.44± 24.29 ng/mmol.Cr vs 31.53 ± 11.59 ng/mmol.Cr,P<0.01);Focal Glomerular Sclerosis (65.07±20.59 ng/mmol.Cr vs 31.53±11.59 ng/mmol.Cr,P<0.01)and IgA Nephritis (67.01±21.95 ng/mmol.Cr vs 31.53±11.59 ng/mmol.Cr,P<0.01),comparing with normal group.Conclusion The levels of urinary TGF-β1 could be a predictor in reflecting the sate of renal diease,estimating pathological type,diagnosing the renal diease and observing the therapeutic effects.

Objective To select the optimum ultrasonic extracting method of polysaccharides from Rosa Laevigatae Michx in Guizhou. Methods Independent variables were solid-liquid ratio, extraction time and extraction temperature, dependent variable was extraction rate ratio of polysaccharides from Rosa Laevigatae Michx.Linear or nonlinear mathematic models were used to estimate the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Response surface methodology was used to optimize the process of extraction.Prediction was carried out through comparing the observed and predicted value. Results The optimum extraction condition for the polysaccharides was as follows: extracting at 75 ℃ for 60 min and ratio of liquid to solid 30??1 ( mL??g ) . The average extraction yield of polysaccharides was 37. 54% under the optimum extraction condition. Conclusion This optimized extraction process is simple and reliable for the extraction of polysaccharides from Rosa Laevigatae Michx in Guizhou.

Objective To observe endothelial and fibrinolytic functions of clinical AF patients and effects of cilazapril on it and to investigate the mechanism and treatments of thrombogenesis in AF.Methods 63 AF patients were randomly divided into control group(n=30)and cilazapril group(n=33).All patients received general treatment according symptoms.In addition,the patients in cilazapril group received cilazapril(2.5mg/d,2 weeks).Plasma Ang Ⅱ, vWF,t-PA and PAI-1 level were measured before and after 2 weeks.There were 36 patients with sinus rhythm (SH)in non-AF control group.Results AF patients had higher plasma Angll level than SH patients that indicated RAS activated[(107.7?22.0)pg/mL vs(70.2?15.8)pg/mL,P

Objective To observe endothelial and fibfinolytic functions of clinical AF patients and effects of cilazapril on it and to investigate the mechanism and treatments of thrombogenesis in AF.Methods 63 AF patients were randomly di- vided into control group (n=30) and cilazapril group (n=33).All patients received general treatment according symptoms.In addition,the patients in cilazapril group received cilazapril (2.5mg/d,2 weeks).Plasma Ang Ⅱ, vWF,t-PA and PAI-1 level were measured before and after 2 weeks.There were 36 patients with sinus rhythm (SH) in non-AF control group.Results AF patients had higher plasma AnglI level than SH patients that indicated RAS acti- vated[(107.7?22.0) ng/L vs (70.2?15.8) ng/L,P

The "all-free health care" system is being implemented in Shenmu County in Shaanxi Province,whose ethical orientation is during the transitional process from "basic medical insurance" to "meeting residents′ actual healthcare demand".The "all-free health care" system safeguards human health rights,embodies the principle of giving priority to social benefits,and is in accordance with the principle of effectiveness.However,due to the lack of scientific management,the capital flows violate the principle of prevention in the system.

We treated two cases of flaccidity syndrome,one who was suffering obstinate myasthenia gravis was treated by modified Mahuang Fuzi Xixin decoction which is based on warming Yang and replenishing qi,dredging the meridian passage.The other who was suffering lipid storage myopathy was treated by modified Buzhong Yiqi decoction which is based on strengthening spleen and improving digest,ascending the clear and descending the turbid,supplementing qi and nourishing blood, promoting blood circulation to remove meridian obstruction.Both got the obvious improvement.

Proteomic research first came to the fore with the introduction of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and proteomics has been increasingly applied to cancer research with the wide-spread introduction of mass spectrometry and protein chip.As important research tools,oncoproteomics that targets the entire cancer-specific protein network has already been applied in cancer research.In this article the development of the oncoproteomics and its applying in cancer is reviewed.