Objective To high express and purify toxoplasma gondii antigen GRA6 in E.coli which can be used to develop the genetic engineering diagnostic reagents.Methods The recombinant plasmid of pGEX-GRA6 was transformed to a bacterium BL21-Codon Plus(DE3)-RP and the recom- binant product was expressed under the inducement of isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactosidase(IPTG). Cells were lysed by multiple rounds of sonication.The expression product was analyzed by using SDS- PAGE.Furthermore,it was purified by sedimentation of ammonium sulphate,desalting using Sephe- dax GS0 and affinity chromatography on glutathione-sepharose system.The immunogenicity of recom binant antigen purified was tested with Western blot.Results GRA6 was highly expressed in E.coli as fusion protein consisting of glutathione S-transferase and GRA6(GST-GRA6).The solubility anal- ysis of expression product indicated that this recombinant protein could be expressed in both superna- tant and inclusion bodies.The soluble protein of GRA6 in supernatant yield the final preparation at greater than 90% after purification.The recombinant protein purified could be recognized by human toxoplasmosis-infective sera with Western blotting analysis.Conclusions The soluble protein of GRA6 was highly expressed in E.coli and the recombinant antigen could be recognized by human tox- oplasmosis-infective serum after purification.The recombinant antigen can be used for devoloping kit to diagnose the acute and chronic infection of toxoplasma gondii.

Objective To understand the mental health status of residents aged 15 years old or above in Hainan Province,and and to analyze its influencing factors to provide a scientific basis for improving the psychological health level of populations.Methods A multistage randomsampling method was used to extract 3 295 residents in Hainan Province and perform the investigate on the mental health status.Results Among 3 295 surveyed residents,410 respondents had mental disease,accounting for 12.44％ of respondents total number.The total score of SCL-90 in the residents of Hainan Province was lower than that of the national norm(t=14.65,P=0.00).(2)The morbidity of mental disease had no statistical difference between different genders(wald x2 =0.27,P=0.60);which had statistical difference among marital status,environmental satisfaction and family harmony (wald x2 =46.53,P =0.00;wald x2 =51.98,P =0.00;wald x2 =89.47,P =0.00).(3) The non-conditional Logistic regression analysis results showed that the influencing factors entering the regression equation were marital status(OR=0.52),family type(OR =0.57;0.53),environment satisfaction(OR=1.26),family harmony(OR=1.31),health self-examination(OR=0.72),borrowing 5 000 yuan within 2 d when urgent need(OR=1.31) and general well-being(OR=0.86).Conclusion The factors influencing mental illness in residents are multiple,so synthetic measures should be taken for its prevention.

AIM: To establish a HPLC quality control for Chizhihuang Capsules(Radix Paeoniae Rubra, Fructus Gardeniae, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, etc.). METHODS: Shim pack C 18 column was used, and jasminoidin and paeoniflorin were determined at the same time and detection wavelength at 230nm. RESULTS: The standard curve of jasminoidin was linear in the range of 0.30～1.50?g. The average recovery and RSD were 99.58 and 1.57% ( n =5), respectively. The standard curve of paeoniflorin was linear in the range of 0.26～ 1.30?g . The average recovery and RSD were 99.11 and 1.29% ( n =5), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This method is a convenient, reliable and accurate for the quality control of Chizhihuang Capsules.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of the combined therapy of cyclophosphamide and thalidomide in the treatment of refractory Crohn's disease (CD).Methods This study was a prospective and open study.A total of 15 patients with refractory CD were enrolled.All patients received intravenous cyclophosphamide 200 mg every other day for two weeks,then followed by intravenous 400 mg once a week until the cumulative dose reached 6 to 8 g.when the cyclophosphamide treatment started,at the same time thalidomide was taken 25 to 75 mg every night according to the tolerance of patients.Before the treatment,two weeks' after the treatment and at the time when the cumulative dose of cyclophosphamide reached 6 to 8 g,Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI),hemoglobin (Hb),white blood cell (WBC) count,erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were recorded.Endoscopy examination was conducted before the treatment and at the time when the cumulative dose of cyclophosphamide reached 6 to 8 g.The condition of mucosa healing was observed and scored by simple endoscopic score for crohn's disease (SES-CD).Adverse effects of all patients were monitored.Paired t test was performed for statistical analysis.Results Before the treatment,the CDAI of 15 patients with refractory CD was 235.87±59.87,two weeks after the treatment the CDAI declined to 135.33 ± 29.23,and the difference was statistically significant (t=7.50,P＜0.01).Before the treatment,ESR and hs-CRP was (42.13±22.80) mm/1 h and (13.73± 2.18) mg/L.Two weeks after treatment they declined to (23.80±16.63) mm/1 h and (5.77±4.77) mg/L,and the differences were statistically significant (t=2.43 and 6.17,both P＜0.05).After two-week treatment,10 patients achieved clinical remission.After the cumulative dose of cyclophosphamide reached 6 to 8 g combined therapy,CDAI of patients was 108.14 ± 47.10,which decreased significantly compared with that before treatment (t=6.30,P＜0.01).ESR,hs-CRP and WBC count was (19.35± 19.18) mm/1 h,(6.16± 5.02) mg/L and (6.28 ± 3.42) × 109/L,respectively,which decreased compared with those before treatment,and the differences were statistically significant (t=5.90,5.40 and 3.71,all P＜0.01).Twelve patients achieved clinical remission.And the lesions of 12 patients improved under endoscope,furthermore,the mucosa of four patients healed.Before the treatment,SES-CD was 9.14 ± 5.39,which declined to 5.07 ± 4.58 after the treatment,and the difference was statistically significant (t =3.14,P ＜ 0.01).During the treatment,five patients had adverse effects.Alanine aminotransferases (ALT) increased in three patients,WBC count decreased in one patient and one patient got a severe urinary infection.Conclusions Patients with refractory CD could achieve clinical remission,mucosa healing under endoscopy and better efficacy with the combined therapy of cyclophosphamide and thalidomide.However,adverse effects should be monitored during the treatment.

The effects of airborne particulate matter (PM) trace elements on health are widely concerned nowadays. Many achievements have been made while many unknowns exist. This article reports the recent research progresses, describes the effects of exposure to PM trace elements on health epidemiological evidence, toxicology findings, and raises some questions for future studies.
Air Pollutants ; standards ; toxicity ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; chemically induced ; epidemiology ; Environmental Exposure ; Environmental Health ; standards ; Respiratory Tract Diseases ; chemically induced ; epidemiology ; Trace Elements ; standards ; toxicity

Objective To investigate the application values of B-mode ultrasonography , IVU and spiral CT urography (CTU) in duplication of kidney and ureter. Methods Data of the results from B-mode ultrasonography , IVU and spiral CTU on 85 cases with duplication of renal pelvis and ureter were retrospectively analyzed. Results The diagnostic accordance rates of B-mode ultrasonography , IVU and spiral CTU for duplication of kidney and ureter were 44.7%, 60.0% and 100%, respectively. CTU examination and image post-processing could clearly display the locations and degrees of dilatation or obstruction in duplication of kidney and ureter, and could also display the ectopic location and assess renal function. Conclusion The diagnostic accuracy rate of CTU examination and image post-processing for duplication of kidney and ureter is higher than those of B-mode ultrasonography and IVU.

To study the pharmacokinetic effect of different combined administration with monarch drug Ziziphi Spinosae Semen on its main components in rats. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into Ziziphi Spinosae Semen group, Ziziphi Spinosae Semen-Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis group, Ziziphi spinosae Semen-Salviae Miltiorrhize Radix et Rhizoma group and Zaoren Ansheng prescription group. After oral administration, HPLC was eluted with the mobile phase of acetonitrle-0.03% phosphate acid water in a gradient mode. The detection wavelength was 280 nm. The pharmacokinetic parameters of spinosin and ferulic acid were calculated by DAS 2. 0 software. Compared with Ziziphi Spinosae Semen group, Ziziphi Spinosae Semen-Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis group, Ziziphi Spinosae Semen-Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma group showed a lower maximum plasma concentration (C(max)) and area under curve (AUC(0-t)) for spinosin and ferulic acid but higher clearance speed (CL/F); whereas the Zaoren Ansheng prescription group showed higher maximum plasma concentration (C(max)) and area under curve (AUC(0-t)) for spinosin and ferulic acid but lower clearance speed (CL/F). Compared with Ziziphi Spinosae Semen group, prescription group showed slower metabolism of spinosin and ferulic
Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Coumaric Acids ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Drug Interactions ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Female ; Flavonoids ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Ziziphus ; chemistry

Objective To assess the predictive value of thiopurine methyltransferase genotyping and enzyme activity in relation to side effects in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who were treated with azathioprine (AZA). Methods One hundred and eleven IBD patients (26 with ulcerative colitis and 86 with Cronh's disease) with indication of AZA administration between April 2004 and Dec. 2009 were enrolled. All patients received 2 mg/kg of AZA daily. Polymerase chain reaction and high performance liquid chromatography were used to genotype the TPMT * 2, * 3A, * 3B, * 3C and to detect TPMT activity, respectively. The association of TPMT genotype and activity with side effects was analyzed in patients treated with AZA for 24 weeks or more, or in those discontinued AZA because of adverse effects. Results Adverse effects were reported in 38(33. 9%) patients, the most frequent being myelosuppression (20. 5%). The frequency of TPMT * 3C heterozygous mutation was 0. 9% (1/112). The TPMT activity was (12. 9±4. 8) U/ml RBC with unimodal distribution. One patient with TPMT * 3C heterozygous mutation developed myelosuppression at the 4th week after AZA treatment. The TPMP genotype myelosuppression patients. Conclusions TPMT genotype mutation and low enzyme activity can be used to predict myelosuppression with high specifically and low sensitivity. In patients treated with AZA, co-administration of 5-ASA results in a high frequency of myelosuppression with no effect on TPMT activity.

Objective To evaluate the effect of nicorandil on early prognosis in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods Forty American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅱ or Ⅳ patients,aged 18-64 yr,with New York Heart Association grade Ⅱ or Ⅲ,scheduled for elective cardiac valve replacement with CPB,were divided into 2 groups (n =20 each) using a random number table method:control group and nicorandil group.Nicorandil was intravenously infused at 10-60 μg · kg-1 · h-1 (3-15 ml/h) after anesthesia induction until the end of surgery in nicorandil group.Before anesthesia induction (To) and at 6,12,24,48 and 72 h after surgery (T1-5),and when the patients were discharged from hospital (T6),venous blood samples were obtained for determination of the concentrations of serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and brain natriuretic peptide.The events of myocardial ischemia or development of arrhythmia before and after surgery,development of defibrillation during restoration of heart beat,spontaneous heart beat,drug administration during restoration of heart beat,heart rhythm after restoration of heart beat,and the requirement for cardiovascular drugs during and after surgery were recorded.The mechanical ventilation time,duration of intensive care unit stay,and length of postoperative hospital stay were also recorded.Results Compared with control group,the concentrations of serum cTnI at T2,3 and brain natriuretic peptide at T2-6 were significantly decreased,the consumption of intraoperative norepinephrine and postoperative dobutamine was reduced,and the ventilation time and duration of intensive care unit stay were shortened (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the rate of defibrillation,restoration of spontaneous heart beat,requirement for drugs during restoration,heart rhythm after restoration or duration of postoperative hospital stay in nicorandil group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Continuously infusing nicorandil during surgery can reduce myocardial injury and improve early prognosis in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with CPB.

OBJECTIVETo study the storage technique on artificial seeds of Pinellia ternata.

METHODMicrotubers were used as experiment materials. By using orthogonal experiment, the sodium alginate, added with GA3 badistan, chitosan and sodium benzoate, was used as seed vessel. The artificial seeds were stored respectively under 25 degrees C and 4 degrees C for 30 days, then, calculated the germination rate.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONThe sodium alginate(3%) added with GA3(0.1 mg x L(-1)), sodium benzoate(0.2%), badistan(1.0%), ClO2(0.1%) and chitosan(0.2%), were used as artificial seed vessel. Stored under (25 +/- 1) degrees C for 30 days, and the germination rate was over 65%. The sodium alginate(3%), added with GA3(0.1 mg x L(-1)), sodium benzoate(0.2%), badistan(1.0%), ClO2(0.2%) and chitosan(0.1%), were used as artificial seed vessel. Stored under 4 degrees C for 30 days, and the germination rate was over 80%.

Alginates ; Chitosan ; Drug Storage ; methods ; Germination ; physiology ; Gibberellins ; Glucuronic Acid ; Hexuronic Acids ; Pinellia ; growth & development ; Plants, Medicinal ; growth & development ; Seeds ; growth & development ; Sodium Benzoate ; Temperature