The antifungal and antibacterial activities of Chitosan from various shrimp shells were investigated on the international standard bacterium strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Eschria coli, Pseudomonas aerginosa), on bacterium strains collected in Vietnam, which resisted many antibiotics and fungal strains Trichophyton, Epider-matophyton, Candida albicans. The result showed that: 1. The antibiotic effects revealed in minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC): 0,001- 0,001. S. aureus was more sensitive than P. aerugi-nosa and E.coli. 2. The fungal effect revealed in MIC: 0,002-0,004. 3. Antifungal and antibiotic activities of chitosan were not changed for 6 months.
Chitosan ; Antifungal Agents ; Anti-Bacterial Agents

The chitosan produced from carapace of shrimp was used for resecrch on acute anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. The experimental results showed that:- Chitosan in dose of 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg by subcutaneous route to rats had acute anti-inflammatory effect with the same level, but by oral route, chitosan in dose of 400 mg/kg had not yet. -Chitosan with concentration (1%) had the biggest analgesic effect.
chitosan ; Analgesics ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents

The chitosan produced from carapace of shrimp was used under cream form with concentration of 2% to treat experiment thermal burn wounds on 30 rabbits. Two thermal burn wounds were created on each rabbit, one of them was treated by excipient only or silver sulfadiazin cream 1% or maduxin ointment. The experimental results showed that:- Chitosan had antibacterial effect, especially on S.aureus, P.aeruginosa and E.coli. These dangerous bacteria resisted against many antibiotics. -The antibacterial effect of chitosan was similar to that of silver sulfadiazin and maduxin.
Chitosan, burns

A study on the histological changes in the experimental burn treated by chitosan cream, comparing with sulfadiazine-silver 1%, and maduxin ointment has shown that chitosan increased the process of tissue regeneration and wound healing. These activities were equivalent to these of sulfadiazine-silver cream 1% and maduxin ointment.
burns, chitosan

The scientific name of Morinda citrifolia is Morinda citrifolia L., with its family Rubiaceae. Morinda citrifolia was used by the people for hypotensive drugs, medications to enhance the resistance of the body. Many studies have been proved the effects on immuno-stimulation of total root of Morinda citrifolia in vitro, in vivo and in clinic for a long time. Fruit extract of Morinda citrifolia given to mice after being treated with 100rad x 6 days at oral daily dose of 6 gram/kg bogy weight in 9 consecutive days increased the relative weights of spleen and thymus, total leukocyte count, number of lymphocytes, natural killers and monocytes, rates of immune rosette forming and platelet forming cells and dermoreaction with OA antigen as compared with the control group
Fruit ; Morinda ; Animals ; Immunosuppression ; radiation

Studying effect of total flavonoid extracts from Lonicera japonica Thunb on some index of lipidemia. Rats were drunk cholesterol at a dose of 0.5g/kg/24hours for 6 consecutive weeks in order to cause hyperlipidemia. The result showed that: flavonoid extracted from Lonicera japonica Thunb at a dose of 0.45g/kg and 0.9g/kg decreased plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-C and increased HDL-C in white rats drunk cholesterol in vitro. The effects of flavonoid at the dose of 0.45g/kg and 0.90g/kg on some index of lipidemia were the same. There was no differences in increasing body weight of rats in all studied rat groups
Flavonoids ; Flowers ; Lonicera ; Hyperlipidemias

Background: Curcuminoid in crocus has a wide spectrum of therapeutic effects such as antitumor and anti-inflammatory effects, including antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and antispasmodic activities. Curcuminoid \ufffd?biofavonoid, a component of Cucuma longa L is attracting attention of researchers because of their effects and low toxicity. Objectives:To evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of curcuminoid on acute liver injury induced by carbon tetraclorid (CCl4 and paracetamol (PAR) in mice.) Subjects and method: Curcuminoid at doses of 60mg/kg and 120mg/kg were used in 8 consecutive days before hepatotoxins ( CCl4 0.5ml/kg in olive oil or PAR 400mg/kg) in mice.Results & Conclusion: Curcuminoid has hepatoprotective effect, expressed by reductions of serum levels of ALT, AST and liver histopathological injuries, in comparison with the control group ( which didn\u2019t use any drug). Curcuminoid at doses of 60mg/kg and 120mg/kg have hepatoprotective effect on acute liverinjury induced by carbon tetraclorid and paracetamol in mice. Curcuminoid at two different doses and silymarin at a dose 67mg/kg. The result showed that just low dose of curcuminoid (60mg/kg in mice) was enough to protect liver. It was just cheaper and safer than using high dose when using high dose the effect was not increase much.\r\n', u'\r\n', u'
Curcuma/ chemistry ; drug effects ; Drug-Induced Liver Injury

Background: AH product is a herbal remedy containing of twelve plant extracts, which has a good hepatoprotective effect in two models inducing acute liver injury by carbon tetraclorid (CCl4) and paracetamol. Objective: To evaluate antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo of AH product. Subjects and methods: Evaluation of antioxidant activity through a reduction of anion superoxide level in vitro and MDA concentration in liver tissue in vitro and in vivo. Results: AH product reduced anion superoxide level, IC50 was 26.60\xb5g/ml. In vitro, AH product at concentration of 125\xb5g/ml reduced formation of MDA 53.70%. The higher the concentration, the stronger the inhibition. In vivo, models of acute liver injuries induced by CCI4 and PAR in mice, AH product at two different doses (4.8 tablets/kg and 9.6 tablets/kg) reduced MDA concentration in liver tissue (33,9 - 36,6 % in CCI4 model and 21,4 - 25,3 % in PAR model) in comparison with group which used hepatotoxins but didn't use any drug. Conclusions: AH product containing many remedies was demonstrated having antioxidant activity which contributed to mechanism of hepatoprotection of this product. \r\n", u'\r\n', u'
Antioxidants ; Herbal Medicine ;

Background: Peritoneal tuberculosis (PT) and peritoneal malignancy (PM) are the most frequent causes of exsudate ascitic fluid but the different diagnosis between the former and the latter is also difficult and elusive. Objective: To study the difference of clinical and laparoscopic features between PT and PM. Subjects and method: 76 patients with PT and 50 with PM were diagnosed by laparoscopy and peritoneal biopsy. Ascitic mycobacterium tuberculosis was detected by PCR analysis. Exsudate ascites was confirmed according to criteria of Light. Results and Conclusions: Average age of PT was younger than of PM (p < 0.001). The frequency of fever, pleural effusion in the patients with PT was higher than those in PM (p < 0.001 and 0.05). The anemia and abdominal tumefaction in those of PM was more frequent than in those of PT (p < 0.05 and 0.001). High protein ascitic fluid and numerous lymphocytes in the patients with PT was frequent than in those with PM (p < 0.05). Laparoscopic features: In those patients with PT the white "miliary nodules" or adhesions between abdominal wall was more frequent than in those with PM (p < 0,05) and in patients with PM omental thickening, tumor formation was more than in those with PT.
Peritonitis ; Tuberculous/pathology ; diagnosis ; Laparoscopy

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a major public health problem. It is the fourth leading cause of chronic morbidity and mortality in the United States, and is projected to rank fifth in 2020 in burden of disease caused worldwide. Objective: To research the epidemiology of COPD in the population of Bac Giang city and finding out the risk factors of COPD. Subjects and method: Cross-sectional survey of general population sample of 2,104 men and women with the age \ufffd?0 years in 30 wards of 11 communes of Bac Giang city. Data on respiratory symptoms, diseases, and risk factors were collected. Lung function tests were performed with Spiroanalyzer snoo, Japan. Results and conclusions: The incidence of COPD was 2.3%; in men 3.0% and in women 1.7%. The incidence of simple chronic bronchitis was 6.4%. People who smoked had higher rate of COPD than the others (OR = 2.8). The incidence of smoking in COPD was 55.9%. The three most important risk factors of COPD was the age \ufffd?0; smoking >15 pack/year and medical history of asthma.
Pulmonary Disease ; Chronic Obstructive/ epidemiology