Transbronchial needle aspiration in the diagnosis of submucosal bronchogenic carcinoma. Although exophytic endobronchial lesions can readily be diagnosed by forceps biopsy through the rigid bronchoscope. The lesion of submucosal or peribronchial by forceps biopsy difficult to diagnose by biopsy. The utility of transbronchial fine needle aspiration through rigid bronchoscope was made in 98 patients presenting with endoscopic abnormalities suggestive of submucosal bronchigenic carcinoma of respiratory department of Bachmai hospital from 3/1991 to 7/1996. Forceps biopsy was positive in 48 patients (58.77%). Transbronchial needle aspiration was positive in 88 patients (88.79%) and detected 6 cases additional carcinomas (who were treated by anti-tuberculosis of the lung). We concluded that TBNA significantly increases the yield, more effective than forceps biopsy alone in the detection of the infiltration of submucosal bronchogenic carcinoma.
suction ; neoplasms

Introduction: Nowadays, the pulmonary mycosis is becoming more and more frequent because of the increase in risk factors. Pulmonary aspergillus is not an uncommon disease, but it often comes together with other lung diseases so it is easily missed. Objectives: This study aims to 1. Determine the clinical and laboratory characteristics of pulmonary mycosis. 2. Comment on the results of the treatment. Material and method: 15 patients with symptoms and signs of pulmonary aspergillosis were included in a retrospective study. Patients were given blood tests, sputum cytology, flexible bronchoscopy, chest X-ray and Ct scanner, transbronchial biopsy and transthoracic biopsy. Findings from these studies showed Aspergillus pulmonary mycosis. The patients were treated in Respiratory Department of Bach Mai hospital in 2007. Results: Male: 7 cases, female: 8 cases. Hemoptysis: 9 cases (60%). 12 cases (80%) had definitive diagnosis, while 5 cases were confirmed diagnosis by transbronchial and/or transthoracic biopsy. 7 cases were treated by surgery. Conclusion: Pulmonary mycosis often occurs in patients with immunodeficiency or pulmonary cavities secondary to tuberculosis. The most common symptom of pulmonary mycosis is hemoptysis. Surgery is the most effective treatment for aspergilloma, as well as antifungal therapy for immunodeficiency patients.
Pulmonary aspergillosis ; pulmonary mycosis

Background: Pneumomediastium Tracheoesophageal Fistula (PTF) is a less common respiratory disease. Recently, the Department of Respiratory at Bach Mai Hospital has identified a number of cases with PTF with x-ray tomography. Objective:(1) To describe clinical - paraclinical symptoms, cause, treatment methods of PTF. (2) Study methods for treating PTF. Subject and Method: A descriptive study included 3 male patients between 45 and 58 years of age. Result: One patient with difficult airway due to abscessed esophageal fistula was treated by surgical therapy. One patient with pyogenic-pneumo was identified with fistula perforation and had surgery. One patient with PTF due to carcinome epidermoide had nutritional gastrostomy. Conclusion:PTF can stem from different causes. In Vietnam, surgical treatment by nutritional gastrostomy is often used but this is a temporary method. 02 stent indwelling (digestive tract and respiratory tract) should be considered if possible. Combination of clinical, CT scan and diagnostic technique will benefit diagnosis and treatment. \r\n', u'\r\n', u'
Pneumomediastium Tracheoesophageal Fistula

63 cases of bronchus asthma were treated at Bach Mai hospital from January 1st to November 3th 2002, among them, female patients accounted for 68.2%, aged 41-70 years, 46% of patients experienced 20 years of the disease, 49.2% admitted to hospital due to dypneae, 41.8% due to respiratory infection. In severe cases, 100% had breath difficulty, 85.7% had respiratory muscle contrection, 57.1% had heart disease, 42.9% had alveolar murmur, 28.6% had slow breathing, 14.2% had blood hypotension. All patients of severe condition had had ventilation disorder, pulmonary obstruction. Tiffeneau index decreased more than Gaensler index.
Diagnosis ; Asthma ; Therapeutics

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a major public health problem. Objective: To find the causes and the treatment results for acute exacerbation of COPD at Department of Respiratory of Bach Mai Hospital. Subjects and method: A study conducted in 87 patients treated by an acute exacerbation of COPD at Department of Respiratory of Bach Mai Hospital from March to August 2005. Results and conclusions: 88.5% of patients were men. Severe patients were most common in age over 55 years. The risk factor was smoking (over 66.7%). 47.8% of patients were in III stage and 37.7% were in IV stage. The cause of acute exacerbation of COPD was bronchial surinfection (83.9%); and 37.9% of them refused an antibiotic or bronchodilatators at home when they had severe symptoms of exacerbation. Most of them did not have enough condition in their homes for treatment (oxygen, aerosol machine). After 20 days (16.69 \xb1 8.7 days) treated by antibiotics, bronchodilatators, corticoid and oxygen, 90.8% of our patients were at good health. 2 of them were died by severe disease.
Pulmonary Disease ; Chronic Obstructive/ therapy

Background: Hue city is a cultural and tourism center of The middle and the whole country. Beside developing tourism services, food processing establishments, traditional specialities, eating and drinking services especially street food services more and more develop plentifully and multiform, satisfy daily demand of consumers. Objectives: Assessment on improvement level on some targets of street food safety and hygiene after 2 years intervention. Subjects and method: All street food processing establishments in 3 wards: V\u0129nh Ninh, Ph\xfa H\u1ed9i, V\ufffd?D\ufffd?of Hue city. Method: Cross-sectional study with comparison before and after intervention. Results: Kitchen utensils samples have met hygiene requirements and the proportion of food samples without borax both increase. The infection rate of bacteria in cook\ufffd?hands, kitchen utensils, cooked food were improved after 2 years carried out targeted model. Clean water for processing street food have not enough although 100% households use running water. The proportion of people were trained about food safety and hygiene knowledges and health examination increase. The situation of using food colourings and poisonous additives decrease remarkably. Salesclerks have more consciousness of preserving and covering food. 86,4% of food processing establishments have recycle bins obtain requirement to reduce polluted food. Conclusion: Street food is an important stage of food supplying network in 3 wards above. Somewhere having interest of Government and local authorities, Steering committee have efficient activities street food model develop conveniently.
Food Safety/ methods

Objectives: Online misinformation has reached unprecedented levels during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study analyzed the magnitude and sentiment dynamics of misinformation and unverified information about public health interventions during a COVID-19 outbreak in Da Nang, Vietnam, between July and September 2020. Methods: We analyzed user-generated online information about five public health interventions during the Da Nang outbreak. We compared the volume, source, sentiment polarity, and engagements of online posts before, during, and after the outbreak using negative binomial and logistic regression, and assessed the content validity of the 500 most influential posts. Results: Most of the 54,528 online posts included were generated during the outbreak (n = 46,035; 84.42%) and by online newspapers (n = 32,034; 58.75%). Among the 500 most influential posts, 316 (63.20%) contained genuine information, 10 (2.00%) contained misinformation, 152 (30.40%) were non-factual opinions, and 22 (4.40%) contained unverifiable information. All misinformation posts were made during the outbreak, mostly on social media, and were predominantly negative. Higher levels of engagement were observed for information that was unverifiable (incidence relative risk [IRR] = 2.83; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.33–0.62), posted during the outbreak (before: IRR = 0.15; 95% CI, 0.07–0.35; after: IRR = 0.46; 95% CI, 0.34-0.63), and with negative sentiment (IRR = 1.84; 95% CI, 1.23–2.75). Negatively toned posts were more likely to be misinformation (odds ratio [OR] = 9.59; 95% CI, 1.20–76.70) or unverified (OR = 5.03; 95% CI, 1.66–15.24). Conclusions Misinformation and unverified information during the outbreak showed clustering, with social media being particularly affected. This indepth assessment demonstrates the value of analyzing online “infodemics” to inform public health responses.