1.The Change of Nurse's Stauts According to the Status of Women II: From the post medieval epoche to late modern epoche.
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 1999;29(1):139-149
It is very important to establish precisely the historical phases of nursing. We nurses should try to acquire the central social position in the health management system in the near the future, the 21st Century. Therefore my treatise aims to orient the desirable phase of the history of nursing through the feministic survey of the history of nursing from the post medieval epoche to the modern epoche. During the time of the renaissance which gave morning light to the modern epoche the antique Athenian thinking of sex was again revived. Athenian excluded the women from the public and autonomous regions. All the medical activity, once dominated by the women, was misfortunately regarded as superstition acted by witches. Accordingly, the nursing women were to hunted as witches. In short, in the early modern epoche, women began to be excluded from the history of medical activities. In the middle modern epoche characterized by the enlightenment movement and early capital economic system, capitalistic patriarchal system began to be formed by change in the economic system. The status of women began to be greatly dropped below by the social distinction of the private dimension of home and the public dimension of job. The woman was deprived of even the occasion to get the official license of medicine and medical institutions were handed to the states or the powerful and rich merchants. Accordingly, nursing acted mainly in the nunnery as the total approach to the patients was destructed wholly and transformed into the means of earning the money. Therefore unprepared low class-women began to engage in nursing only for the money. From then on, nursing activity was tunneled through the dark age for 200 years. In the late modern epoche characterized by the contrast of the accumulated vast capital by industrialization and vast poverty of the peoples, feminism began to float over the surface for the acquisition of equality of men and women from England. A feminist, Nightingale insisted that the women as nurses should be responsible for the healthy life of man. She tried the professional nursing education for women. Accordingly she not only contributed to the intellectual progress of women but also inspired in women the consciousness of the professional job. She tired to realize the ideal of at-that-time-feminists by engaging in nursing all through life. She really paved the road to contemporary nursing. In the near the future, I will write to describe how the late modern epoche nursing has fallen into the dilemma through the 1st and 2nd world wars and matured capitalism and to consider contemporary nursing with the status of women. All these papers aim to give proper recognition of nursing and right orientation of the future 21st Century nursing.
Capitalism
;
Consciousness
;
Education, Nursing
;
England
;
Female
;
Feminism
;
Hand
;
History of Nursing
;
Humans
;
Licensure
;
Male
;
Nursing
;
Poverty
;
Superstitions
;
Thinking
;
World War II
2.The Change of Nurse's Stauts According to the Status of Women II: From the post medieval epoche to late modern epoche.
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 1999;29(1):139-149
It is very important to establish precisely the historical phases of nursing. We nurses should try to acquire the central social position in the health management system in the near the future, the 21st Century. Therefore my treatise aims to orient the desirable phase of the history of nursing through the feministic survey of the history of nursing from the post medieval epoche to the modern epoche. During the time of the renaissance which gave morning light to the modern epoche the antique Athenian thinking of sex was again revived. Athenian excluded the women from the public and autonomous regions. All the medical activity, once dominated by the women, was misfortunately regarded as superstition acted by witches. Accordingly, the nursing women were to hunted as witches. In short, in the early modern epoche, women began to be excluded from the history of medical activities. In the middle modern epoche characterized by the enlightenment movement and early capital economic system, capitalistic patriarchal system began to be formed by change in the economic system. The status of women began to be greatly dropped below by the social distinction of the private dimension of home and the public dimension of job. The woman was deprived of even the occasion to get the official license of medicine and medical institutions were handed to the states or the powerful and rich merchants. Accordingly, nursing acted mainly in the nunnery as the total approach to the patients was destructed wholly and transformed into the means of earning the money. Therefore unprepared low class-women began to engage in nursing only for the money. From then on, nursing activity was tunneled through the dark age for 200 years. In the late modern epoche characterized by the contrast of the accumulated vast capital by industrialization and vast poverty of the peoples, feminism began to float over the surface for the acquisition of equality of men and women from England. A feminist, Nightingale insisted that the women as nurses should be responsible for the healthy life of man. She tried the professional nursing education for women. Accordingly she not only contributed to the intellectual progress of women but also inspired in women the consciousness of the professional job. She tired to realize the ideal of at-that-time-feminists by engaging in nursing all through life. She really paved the road to contemporary nursing. In the near the future, I will write to describe how the late modern epoche nursing has fallen into the dilemma through the 1st and 2nd world wars and matured capitalism and to consider contemporary nursing with the status of women. All these papers aim to give proper recognition of nursing and right orientation of the future 21st Century nursing.
Capitalism
;
Consciousness
;
Education, Nursing
;
England
;
Female
;
Feminism
;
Hand
;
History of Nursing
;
Humans
;
Licensure
;
Male
;
Nursing
;
Poverty
;
Superstitions
;
Thinking
;
World War II
3.Environmental controls in reducing house dust mites and nasal symptoms in patients with allergic rhinitis.
Jung Soon MOON ; Soon Ock CHOI
Yonsei Medical Journal 1999;40(3):238-243
A randomized comparison group pretest-posttest experimental design was used to quantitatively determine the effects of environmental control measures on patients with allergic rhinitis. Environmental controls included wrapping the mattress with a vinyl cover, washing the top bedding cover with 55 degrees C hot water every two weeks, removal of soft furniture, and wet cleaning of the bedroom floor every day. Thirty subjects were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The amount of house dust mites in dust samples collected from the bedroom floor, bedding and mattress, as well as the nasal symptoms of patients, were measured twice at one-month intervals. A significant decrease in house dust mites in dust samples and relief in patients' nasal symptoms were observed in the experimental group who had environmental controls.
Adult
;
Animal
;
Dust*
;
Environment*
;
Female
;
Human
;
Insect Control*/methods
;
Male
;
Mites*
;
Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial/physiopathology*
4.Distribution of House Dust Mites in the Bedroom of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis in Pusan Area.
Soon Ock CHOI ; Baik Kee CHO ; Jung Soon MOON
Korean Journal of Epidemiology 1997;19(2):190-199
This study was conducted to investigate distribution of the house dust mites in the bedroom of allergic rhinitis patients in Pusan. From July to December 1995, 51 dust samples were drawn from the bedroom of the patients by using electronic vaccum cleaner. House dust mites were isolated from 50mg dust by applying the modified wet sieving method. The results were as follows: 1 Out of a total 49 dust samples(96.1%) were isolated house mites. 2 Total 977 mites were collected and identified the most prevalent house mites was Pyroglypidae mite with 92.2%. Among them D.pteronyssinus was predominant species. 3 In 1gm of the house dust, 100-499 mites were found in 17 samples(33.3%), more then 500 mites in 12 samples (23.6%). 4 The density of Pyoglypidae mite was close associated with the month. 5 The density of house dust mite was not affected by the type of house, region and the relative humidity of the bed room
Busan*
;
Dust*
;
Humans
;
Humidity
;
Mites
;
Pyroglyphidae*
;
Rhinitis*
5.The Effect of Cervical Kyongrak Massage on Shoulder Pain, Shoulder Exercise Range and Mood in the Elderly.
Journal of Korean Academy of Adult Nursing 2004;16(4):658-667
PURPOSE: This study was to identify the effect of Cervical Kyongrak Massage on Shoulder pain, shoulder Exercise Range and Mood in the elderly. METHOD: This study used a quasi- experimental pre-test and post-test design. Data were collected from 13 April to 30 June in 2003. There were 58 elderly subjects,(30 experimental group, 28 control group) in Pusan. The experimental group took Kyongrak Massage at Cervical Kyonghyul sites around neck and shoulder for 10 minutes daily during 5days. RESULT: In the experimental group, shoulder pain(t=-9.80, p=.000), shoulder exercise Range (Flexion t=3.10, p=.003; Abduction t=7.95, p=.000; External Rotation t=5.00, p=.000) and Mood(t=-9.80, p=.000) were significantly better than control group after Cervical Kyongrak Massage. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that Cervical Kyongrak Massage may be an effective adjunct therapy for improving shoulder pain, shoulder exercise range and mood, and is considered as a independent and available nursing intervention for elderly.
Aged*
;
Busan
;
Humans
;
Massage*
;
Neck
;
Nursing
;
Shoulder Pain*
;
Shoulder*
6.Resilience to Burnout and Work Satisfaction of Hospice Volunteers.
Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care 2009;12(3):147-156
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the level of resilience to burnout and work satisfaction of hospice volunteers. METHODS: Participants included 235 regular volunteers at hospice facilities of two university hospitals and four general hospitals located in Busan. The study instruments were the scale of resilience to burnout and work satisfaction. The scale of resilience to burnout consisted of six dimensions (professional competency, accomplishment and worthiness, firm belief and value about their profession, good teamwork, support by their agency, and individual resources) and 31 items which were rated on a 5-point Likert scale, whereas the scale of work satisfaction consisted of 6 items which were rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Tukey and Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS: The mean score of resilience to burnout and work satisfaction of participants were 3.59 and 3.69, respectively. The highest and lowest scores of resilience to burnout were individual resources (3.81) and accomplishment and worthiness (3.36). There were significant differences in resilience to burnout scores, depending on religion, health status, type of hospice facilities, and period of volunteer experience. There were significant differences in work satisfaction scores, depending on gender, religion, education level, health status, and type of hospice facilities. CONCLUSIONS: Continuous education and efficient management need to be developed to improve the level of resilience to burnout and work satisfaction of hospice volunteers.
Hospices
;
Hospitals, General
;
Hospitals, University
;
Job Satisfaction
7.Analysis of Characteristics and Symptoms in Home-Based Hospice-Palliative Care Patients Registered at Local Public Health Centers.
Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care 2015;18(4):329-334
PURPOSE: This study was aimed at analyzing the characteristics and symptoms in home-based hospice-palliative care (HBHPC) patients registered at local public health centers. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed; Data of 144 HBHPC patients registered at six public health centers in Pusan City were analyzed, including their initial visit records (registration cards, initial pain evaluation and symptom evaluation). RESULTS: The average age of the patients was 67.7 years old. Among all, 46.2% of the patient lived alone, and 65% had middle school education or lower. The most popular (36.3%) religion was Buddhism, and 47.5% received medical assistance from the government. The most frequent diagnosis was lung cancer followed by stomach cancer and liver cancer in that order. Of all, 48.9% were functionally too weak to lead a daily life, 39.6% were under cancer treatment when registered at the public health center, and 84.5% were aware of the fact that they have reached the terminal phase. Moreover, 83.6% complained about pain, and the pain level was moderate or severe in 36.5% of them. Besides pain, fatigue was the most complained symptom (84.7%), and 49.3% of them rated their fatigue as moderate or severe. CONCLUSION: Most of the HBHPC patients were socio-economically underprivileged and complained about moderate or worse pain and symptoms. Therefore, it appears necessary to develop an integrated strategy that is tailored for each patient reflecting their characteristics.
Buddhism
;
Busan
;
Diagnosis
;
Education
;
Fatigue
;
Home Care Services
;
Hospice Care
;
Humans
;
Liver Neoplasms
;
Lung Neoplasms
;
Medical Assistance
;
Public Health*
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Stomach Neoplasms
8.Posttraumatic Growth in Family Caregivers of Patients with Cancer.
Korean Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care 2014;17(1):1-9
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine posttraumatic growth (PTG) in family caregivers of patients with cancer. METHODS: Participants included 201 family caregivers of cancer patients who are treated at outpatient clinics and oncology wards of a university hospital and two general hospitals in Busan, Korea. The study instrument was the Korean version of the posttraumatic growth inventory (K-PTGI). Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t test, one-way ANOVA and Scheffe's test using the SPSS 21 for Windows. RESULTS: The mean score of PTG was 3.10. The factor with the highest score was "Changes to self-perception" (3.15), while the one with the lowest was "Increase in spiritual interest" (2.88). There were significant differences in PTG, depending on age, religion, importance of religious life and perceived level of daily difficulties. CONCLUSION: Family caregivers also experience PTG when their loved ones are diagnosed with cancer. According to these findings, it is necessary to develop a spiritual nursing program to help family caregivers growth from the experience of attending patients with cancer.
Ambulatory Care Facilities
;
Busan
;
Caregivers*
;
Hospitals, General
;
Humans
;
Korea
;
Love
;
Nursing
9.A Survey on the Meaning in Life of Elderly People.
Yu Jin JUNG ; Kyung Il SHIN ; Soon Ock CHOI
Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamental Nursing 2006;13(3):501-509
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to measure meaning in life of elderly and to delineate basic data for developing nursing strategies for improving the meaning in life of elderly. METHOD: Subjects were 240 elderly above 65 years old staying in Busan and Kyungnam Province. The data was collected from May to Jun 2004. The instrument was utilizing Elderly Meaning In Life(EMIL) scale developed by Choi et al.(2003). RESULTS: The mean for elderly was 100.4, the range was from 37 to 148. 63.3% of subjects were in existential vacuum. The mean of 1 phase 'acceptance and awareness of self and life' was 36.9, 2 phase 'creative value realization' was 17.8, 3phase 'experiential value realization' was 2.8, 4 phase 'contentedness of past and present' was 43.7. There were significant differences according to the gender, religion, educational level, spouse, spending money, living arrangement and disease. CONCLUSION: On the viewpoint of above results, 63.3% of subjects were in level of existential vacuum, which required logotherapy. Therefore it shows that developing nursing-logotherapy to improve the meaning in life for elderly is demanded.
Aged*
;
Busan
;
Gyeongsangnam-do
;
Humans
;
Nursing
;
Psychotherapy
;
Residence Characteristics
;
Spouses
;
Vacuum
10.Clinical and Histopathological Studies on Superficial Lymphadenopathy in Pediatric Ages.
Chong Ock LEE ; Chan Il PARK ; Woo Hee JUNG ; In Joon CHOI
Journal of the Korean Pediatric Society 1982;25(6):560-570
The superficial lymph nodes may be enlarged in consequence of biologic or non-biologic antigenic stimuli, lymphoreticular maligna ntneoplasm, metastatic tumor or infiltrative disorders such as histiocytosis-X, and biopsy of the enlarged superficial lymph node is a time-honored diagnostic, therapeutic and follow-up tool. At present it is performed with ease and wideness. But in Korea there is no comprehensive studies about the diseases involving superficial ly-mph nodes of pediatric ages based on clinical and histopathological aspects. The present study is an sttempt to research for the histopathological aspects. The present study is an attempt to research for the histopathological findings of the superficial lymphadenopathy in correlation with the clinical characteristics. The histopathological findings of enlarged superficial lymph nodes, biopsied in Yonsei Univ-ersity Hospital for a 5year-period from 1976 to 1980, were reviewed. All patients were under 15year-old age, whose chief complaints were palpable lymph node with or without other sympt-oms. The results were as follows; 1. Of the 150 enlarged superficial lymph nodes, the male to female ratio was 1.68:1. Most of the biopsies were performed after the preschool age group and only 8 were of neonate or inf-ancy. 2. Of the 150 enlarged superficial lymph nodes, 79(52.7%) showed reactive hyperplasia, and inflammatory and malignant lymphadenopathies were 37.3% and 10.0% respectively. 3. Nonspecific reactive hyperplasia was the most common cause of the superfical lymphad-enopathy in pediatric ages, being 52.1% of total. Tuberculous lymphadenitis comprised 26.7%, being the 2nd most common cause, and of the 15 malignant lymphadenopathy 11 were primary lymphoreticular and 6 of the latter were histiocytic medullary reticulosis. 4. Ten percent of the patients with tuberculous lymphadenitis were of infancy, but none of those with both primary and metastatic malignant lymphadenopathy was of that age group. 5. The clinical symptoms and signs observed were fever, hepatosplenomegaly, gastrointest-inal symptoms and signs, rash, upper respiratory infection and others, irrespective of the histol-ogical classification. 6. The duration of superficial lymphadenopathy was less than 6 months in most cases of fu-ngal, acute and subacute nonspecific inflammatory and malignant origin, whereas it was more than 6 months in 38.5% of tyberculous lymphadentis and 41.7% of nonspecific reactive. 7. Superficial lymph node enlargement was most frequently found at cervical area which was followed by inguinal and axillary areas. 8. The superficial lymphadenopathy involved a single node in 63.9% of tuberculous origin but it tended to involve multiple ondes of one or more anatomical sites in nonspecific inflamm-ation, fungal infection, nonspecific reactive hyperplasia and malignancy. 9. The enlarged superficial lymph noded tendes to be soft and nontender in tuberculosis and nonspecific reactive hyperplasia, in contrast to the acute and subacute lymphadenitis and mali-gnant lymphadenopathy where they were more commonly hard with variable tenderness.
Biopsy
;
Classification
;
Exanthema
;
Female
;
Fever
;
Follow-Up Studies
;
Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell
;
Humans
;
Hyperplasia
;
Infant, Newborn
;
Korea
;
Lymph Nodes
;
Lymphadenitis
;
Lymphatic Diseases*
;
Male
;
Tuberculosis
;
Tuberculosis, Lymph Node