No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Risk Factors*

Surgery and surgeons in Korea are currently facing a very serious dilemma even though modern surgical practices have a great impact on the improvement of health care and human well being. Traditionally, in Korea, surgical practice had been attractive as a profession and many young medical students were eager to become surgeons. Ever since the National Health Insurance policy was adopted to the whole of the population and the Insurance payment to medical professionals, especially surgeons, were below normal, private surgical practitioners are suffering low incomes. Eventually this situation was affected surgical house staff. The quality and quantity applying for surgical residency have markedly decreased and the situation is getting worse year by year. This review addresses whole possible causes of the present situation; status of surgical practices, educational problems in residency, duty stresses of young surgeons and the life style of the younger generation. Working hour restrictions in Europe and America were reviewed and an example of the Chonnam National University Hospital was elucidated. Possible solutions were suggested in terms of the training hospitals and their staff, the Korean Surgical Society and the policy makers.
Americas ; Delivery of Health Care ; Europe ; Humans ; Insurance ; Internship and Residency ; Korea ; Life Style ; National Health Programs ; Stress, Psychological ; Students, Medical

No abstract available.
Kidney Transplantation*

No abstract available.
Kidney Transplantation*

No abstract available.
Arteriovenous Malformations ; Neck

A clinical review was made on 2,191 cases of general pediatric surgery under the age of 15 years which were operated upon at the Divisionof Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chonnam University Hospital from January 1988 to December 1997. The number of operations in pediatric age were 13,144 (13.2%) out of total 99,555 operations at Chonnam University Hospital and the most prevalent age group was under 1 year of age (14.3%). The number of operations in Divisionof General Pediatric Surgery were 2,191 (16.7%) out of total 13,144 operations in pediatric age and the incidence of patients under 1 year of age in general pediatric surgery was 42.9% (941/2,191). The prevalent diseases under 1 month of age were anorectal malformations (20.6%) and hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (20.3%) and between 1 month to 1 year of age were inguinal hernia (32.4%) and intussusception (19.6%). The total motality rate in neonatal intensive care unit was 31.3%. Gastroschisis presented highest mortality.
Gastroschisis ; Hernia, Inguinal ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Intussusception ; Jeollanam-do ; Mortality ; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Humans

No abstract available.
Abdomen* ; Humans