Autophagy is a lysosome-mediated degradation process that takes part in maintaining cell stability. In the early stage of gastrointestinal tumors, autophagy removes toxic injuries to protect against tumor progression, while in the progressive stage, autophagy also exhibits a cytotoxic effect. Autophagy and apoptosis act in both antagonistic and synergistic fashion. Manipulation of autophagy may be a new method to prevent or treat gastrointestinal tumors.

Objective To research immunophenotypic characteristics in CLL,and its correlation with the cytomorphology and cytogenetics. Methods Immunophenotyping was performed in 35 cases with CLL by flow cytometry analysis using a panel of monoclonal antibodies and CD45/SSC gating. Routine R-banding was performed and sequence specific probes for D13S272(13q14.3)、ATM(11q23) were used to detect del(13q14.3) and del(11q23) by FISH(fluorescence in situ hybridization ). Results Among 35 cases of CLL , 29 cases were B-lineage CLL, 4 cases were T-lineage CLL, 2 cases were CLL/PLL, 35 cases with CLL were CD5+, and among them B-CLL mainly were CD19+,CD20+ ,T-CLL mainly were CD2+,CD3+,CD7+,CD8+,2 CLL/PLL were CD5-.In morphology, in marrow or peripheral were mainly small mature lymphocytes,in CLL/PLL prolymphocytes exceed 11% and less than 50%. From 35 CLL,13 cases have cytogenetic abnormalities, 6 cases were number aberrations, concerning trisomy 3、12、14 and 18. 5 cases were structural abnormalities,2 cases were complex abnormalities. Seven cases with del(13q14.3)、del(11q23) were detected by two sequence specific probes for D13S272(13q14.3)、ATM(11q23). Conclusions The diagnosis of CLL was closely related with immunophenotyping 、morphology and cytogenetics.

Objective:To observe the efficacy and safety of Naloxone in treating acute alcoholism. Methods:95 cases of acute alcoholism were randomly divided into the experimental group(n=50) and the control group(n=45).Patients in the experimental group were treated with Naloxone, and patients in the other group were treated with conventianonal therapy,including fluid replacement plus diuretic agent.The time of regaining consciousness in each group were noted. Results:The time of regaining consciousness was shorter in the Naloxone treatment group than that in control group,obviously(P

The curative effect of traditional eytotoxic drugs in cancer treatment has reached a platform. Monoclonal antibody targeting drugs combined with chemotherapy become the key to improving efficacy. Though the specific target groups of targeted drugs has are still not clear, it might have a promising value in choosing suitable targeted drugs by testing the state of gene and protein, molecular and clinical criteria

Objective To study the curative effect and the safety of olmesartan medoxomil in patients with mild to moderate primary hypertension.Methods 121 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension were randomized into two groups:olmesartan group (n =60),received olmesartan 20mg/day and valsartan group (n =61),received valsartan 8mg/day.Before and after the 8 weeks treatment,blood pressurem,ECG,blood and urinary laboratory exanination were observed in EH cases.Results After 8 weeks,Compared to valsartan group,the olmesartan group showed significantly erduction in both systolic blood pressure [(120.54 ± 12.78) mmrn Hg:(128.32 ± 10.01) mm Hg]and diastolic blood pressure[(73.27 ± 4.01) mm Hg:(79.65 ± 4.89) mm Hg].In terms of the 24 h ABPM,olmesartan monotherapy exhibited a sustained 24h BP reduction profile with the trough-to-peak ratios more than 50％.The side effect in olmesartan group was 2 cases,and 5 cases in valsartan group.Conclusion Candesartan cilexetil can be used in the treatment of patients with mild and moderate essential hypertension effectively and safely.

Objective To observe the effect ofXuebijing injection on vascular endothelial function and inflammatory factor in the patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD).Methods A total of 100 patients with AECOPD were randomly divided into the study and control groups, 50 patients in each group. The control group were given the conventional therapy. The study group were given the Xuebijing injection on the basis of the control group. Both The changes of lung function, vascular endothelial function and inflammatory factor were observed.Results The expression of FVC (3.23 ± 0.83 Lvs. 2.79 ± 0.71 L,t=1.786), PEF (5.36 ± 0.51 L/svs. 4.79 ± 0.46 L/s,t=1.904), FEV1/FVC (59.21 ± 4.38vs. 54.94 ± 4.29,t=1.882), NO (3.84 ± 0.81 ng/mlvs.2.97 ± 0.62 ng/ml,t=1.869) increased significantly in the study group than those in the control group after treatenmt (P<0.05). The VEGF (0.14 ± 0.04 ng/ml vs.0.17 ± 0.05 ng/ml, t=2.097), TNF-a (0.11 ± 0.03 ng/ml vs.0.14 ± 0.02 ng/ml,t=1.903), IL-13 (107.27 ± 44.37 ng/mlvs. 136.54 ± 48.32 ng/ml,t=2.005) in the study group decreased significantly than those in the control group (P<0.05). ConclusionsXuebijing injection could significantly decrease inflammatory factor,and obviously improve vascular endothelial function and lung function,the clinical curative effect is distinct.

To show how to enhance acceptance of research papem submitted to SCI journals, we analyzed the practice of BMJ in an attempt to provide the medical researchers some information on the successful publication of a paper in journals outside China. The information covers selection of the target SCI journals, generation of high-quality research, and cooperation with foreign peers in research projects, improvement of English writing skills, and implementation of the rules of target journals.

Objective To evaluate the accuracy of the index of consciousness (IoC) in monitoring the depth of anesthesia with sevoflurane inhalation in children,by comparing it with the bispectral index (BIS).Methods Forty-two ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ children,aged 8-12 yr,scheduled for elective abdominal surgery under general anesthesia,were studied.Anesthesia was induced with sevoflurane inhalation.The patients were endotracheally intubated.The concentration of sevoflurane was then adjusted to maintain the end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane (CETSev) at 1.6％,2.1％,2.6％,3.1％,3.6％,4.1％ and 4.6％ for5 min.The IoC and BIS values were recorded simultaneously.Results When CETSev ＜ 3.1％,CETSev was negatively correlated with IoC and BIS values,and the correlation coefficients between CETSev and IoC and BIS values were-0.927 (r1) and -0.869 (r2),respectively (P ＜ 0.01).When 3.1％ ≤ CETSev ≤ 4.6 ％,CET Sev was negatively correlated with IoC and BIS values,and the correlation coefficients between CETSev and IoC and BIS values were-0.808 (r3,P＜ 0.01) and-0.430 (r4,P ＜ 0.05),respectively.Comparison of the absolute value of correlation coefficients:there was no significant difference between r1,r2 and r3 (P ＞ 0.05) ; r1,r2 and r3 were significantly larger than r4 (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion IoC can accurately reflect the depth of anesthesia with sevoflurane inhalation in children and when 3.1％ ≤ CET Sev ≤ 4.6 ％,the accuracy of IoC in monitoring the depth of anesthesia is superior to that of BIS.

Objective To summarize the perioperative nursing experience in nursing children with formaral angulation deformity treated with sreminobicular crib external fixator. Method The clinical data of 15 children with formaral angulation deformity treated with sreminobicular crib external fixator were reviewed. Results All 15 children got recovered, with the femora extended by 4~9 cm. After operation, all of them were affected by knee flexion dysfunction and foot drop to varied extents, which were improved satisfactorily after systematic training. Conclusions The systematic and progressive training can prevent knee flexion dysfunction and foot drop. Careful observation and effective nursing play an important role in the treatment of formaral angulation deformity.

Objective To investigate the role of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway in hyperoxia-induced expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in A549 cells.Methods The cultured A549 cells were seeded in 6-well culture plates at a density of 1 × 105 cells/ml (0.5 ml/well,24 wells in total) and were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =6 each) using a random number table:control group (group C);95％ oxygen group (group 95％ O2);room air plus SP600125 (JNK inhibitor) group (group C+SP);95％ oxygen plus SP600125 group (group 95％ O2+SP).SP600125 5 μmol/L was added to each well in C+SP and 95％ O2+SP groups.The A549 cells were incubated for 48 h in an incubator filled with room air (C and C+SP groups) or 95％ oxygen (95％ O2 and 95％ O2+SP groups).The expression of phosphorylated JNK (p-JNK) and CTGF mRNA was determined using Western blot and realtime reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction,respectively.Results Compared with group C,no significant change was found in the expression of p-JNK and CTGF mRNA in group C+SP (P＞0.05),and the expression of p-JNK and CTGF mRNA was significantly up-regulated in group 95％ O2 (P＜ 0.05).Compared with group 95％ O2,the expression of p-JNK and CTGF mRNA was significantly down-regulated in group 95％ O2+SP (P＜0.05).Conclusion JNK signaling pathway activation is involved in up-regulation of hyperoxia-induced CTGF mRNA expression in A549 cells.