Objective:To study the the mental health and relevant factors of patients with hepatitis B. Methods: 58 cases of patients with hepatitis B were assessed with the Social Support Scale, Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), Trait Coping Questionnaire and compared with healthy person. Results: All patients had obvious psychosomatic symptoms. The mental health level was negatively correlated with postive coping style and social support. Conclusion: Several psychosocial factors played an important role in the onset and trealment of Hepatitis B disease.

Objective To compare the neurotoxic effects of intratheeal ropivacaine and bupivacaine on the spinal cord in rats.Methods Female SD rats weighing 240-330 g were used in this study.Catheters(PE 10 tubing)were inserted through an incision in the cisternal membrane and advanced caudad until the tip of the catheter reached the lumbar spinal level according to the technique described by Yaksh and Rudy.Fifty-four successfully catheterized rats were randomly assigned tO one of 3 groups(n=18 each):group Ⅰ received normal saline 30μlIT(NS);groupⅡ received 2%bupivacaine 20μl IT(BU)and group Ⅲ 2.7%ropivacaine 20μl IT (RO).Degree of motor block was assessed and scored(0=no block,2=inability to flex the hind limb)before (T1,baseline)and at 10,20,30,60 and 120 min(T2-6)after IT injection.On the 4th day after IT injection specimens were obtained from lumbar spinal cord for microscopic examination.Results The motor block score was significantly higher in group BU and RO than in group NS(P＜0.05),and the tissue damage was severe in group BU and RO.The motor block scores were significantly higher at T2 than at T3-6 in beth group BU and RO(P＜0.05).There Was no significant difference in motor block score at T2 between groups BU and RO but the motor block scores were significantly lower at T3-5 in group RO than in group BU(P＜0.05).The tissue damage was Severer in group RO than in group BU(P＜0.05).Conclusion Intrathecal 2.7% ropivacaine is more toxic to the spinal cord than intrathecal 2%bupivacaine in rats.

Objective To investigate the manifestations and genetic mechanisms of male sex reversal syndrome. Methods A 22 year old male patient with 46,XX karyotype was systemically examined and a Y specific sequence tagged site (STS),sY14,was chosen to detect sex determining region of Y (SRY) gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results This patient shows primary and secondary male sex characters while gonads are hypoplastic and malfunctional.The patent has 46,XX karyotype and SRY gene.Therefore,the patient is diagnosed as 46,XX male sex reversal syndrome. Conclusions Translocation of SRY can bring about 46,XX male sex reversal syndrome,whereas gonads of the patients are hypoplastic and malfunctional because of the absence of other genes on Y chromosome.SRY gene plays an important role in sex determination.

Objective To construct directional expressing cDNA library from normal testes in Chinese males for further studying the structure and functions of spermatogenesis related genes. Methods mRNA of normal testes from a Chinese male was isolated and the cDNA synthesized by reverse transcription.After being digested by SalI and NotI ,dscDNA was subcloned into expressing plasmid pSPORT1 directionally.Finally,the directional expressing cDNA library from normal testes in Chinese males was constructed. Results The transformation rate of the library was 7?10 5.Ten clones were chosen and analysed. Digested by SalI and NotI ,the fragments of 0.5～2.0 kb were obtained with cDNA inserted. Conclusions The present study indicates that the directional expressing cDNA library from normal testes in Chinese males is qualified to screen genes and is considered to be helpful for studying the structure and functions of spermatogenesis related genes.

Objective To investigate the condition of microdeletions of AZF region of the Y chromosome in Chinese patients with spermatogenetic malfunction. Methods Six Y chromosome specific sequence-tagged-sites(STS) in AZF region were screened and the microdeletions were determined by PCR in 27 patients with spermatogenetic malfunction. Results Microdeletions in genomic DNA were observed in 2 cases who presented with azoospermia and limited to AZFc subregion.The total deletion rate was 7.4%.The deletion patterns of the 2 cases were DAZ(sY254,sY255) and DAZ plus sY157,respectively. Conclusions Like other races, microdeletions of the Y chromosome in Chinese people may be one of the causes of spermatogenetic malfunction.Therefore prior to assistant reproduction,screening for microdeletions of the Y chromosome in patients with spermatogenetic malfunction is necessary.

An analysis of the present development of general practitioners in China,probed into the bottlenecks found.The paper proposed to set forth from the training,use and incentives of GPs to promote the systematic design of China's GP system.These measures center on the regulation of GPs development,while building a multi-channel and multi-level GP development system.Other recommendations include raising the professional standing and attractiveness of GPs as a discipline,and enhancing GPs capacity building to promote general practitioners development.

Objective To investigate the expression, relationship, significance of cyclooxygenase_2 (COX-2) and malonic dialdehyde (MDA) after cerebral ischemic-reperfusion injury and provide basis of treatment. Methods The focal cerebral ischemic-reperfusion model was established with thread embolish of middle cerebral artery. Western blotting, barhituric acid method and neurological evaluation were used to examine the expression of COX-2, MDA in cortex and the changes of neurological function;TTC staining was used to observe the changes of cerebral infarction volume. Results COX-2 prorein expression was correclated well with the MDA(r=0.910,P＜0.01). The content of COX-2 and MDA was very low in sham operation group, they were increased significantly at I2h/R6h model group, with the increase of reperfusion time,they remarkably reached its peak at I2h/R24h,they were slightly lower at I2h/R48h, but still maintained at a high level;Compared with model group, in tetramethylpyrazine(TMP) treatment group, the content of MDA and cerebral infarction volume were markedly decreased(P＜0.01). Conclusion The expression of COX-2 and MDA increases in cerebral ischemic-reperfusion injury.It indicates they may play an important role in the mechanisms of cerebral ischemic-reperfusion injury;TMP has neuroprotective effect.

[Objective] To investigate the effects of Qianggu capsule plus alendronate on postmenopausal osteoporosis.[Methods]By random number generating method,120 patients were randomly divided into a treatment group with Qianggu capsule plus alendronate,control group A only with Qianggu capsule,and control group B only with alendronate.The pain of the patient before treatment,3 m and 6 m after treatment was assessed.At the same time,the bone mineral density (BMD) before and 6 months after treatment was recorded.[Results] There was significant difference before and after 3 m in the score of pain in three groups,but the difference in treatment group was higher than other two control groups.After 6 m,all the scores of pain in 3 groups had changed significantly compared to the ones before treatment,but the scores of pain in treatment group were lower than 2 control groups.The BMD of both vertebral and ward in treatment group after 6 months treatment was higher than before.[Conclusions]Qianggu capsule plus alendronate has definite therapeutic effects on postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Objective To select properly the esophageal metallic stent to treat the dysphagia and strictures of advanced esophageal cancer. Methods To place esophageal metallic stent for 72 cases of advanced esophageal cancer. Results Dysphagia were markedly improved or completely alleviated together with esophageal and mediastinal fistula sealed completely after the procedure. Conclusions The complications will be reduced by the proper selection of esophageal metallic stent and also for resuming of food intake.

Objective To evaluate urgent selective arterial embolization to treat massive postpartum hemorrhage. Methods Twenty seven patients with ages of 21～53 years undengoing severe postpartunm hemorrhage, were due to centrol placenta previa, uterine atony, birth canal trauma, placenta accretio, cervical pregnancy etc. All of the patients had lost a volume of blood about 1 000ml to 5 000ml while the hemorrhage could not be controlled with vaginal packing and administration of uterotonic drugs. Urgent hemostatic embolization was performed for them. After angiography, super selective catheterization was performed for bilateal anterior division of internal iliac branch of uterine arteries and embolized with Gelfoam particles. Results Catheterization success rate was 96.3%. Angiography showed ectopic uterine artery in one case. Immediate block of hemorrhage took place in 22 cases and gradual hemostasis appeared in 4 cases, the efficacy rate was 96.3%. The one with ectopic uterine artery was operated upon to ablate the uterus. 11 patients with (bleeding) shock and 8 patients with DIC were all saved. Conclusions Urgent arterial embolization is an ideal method for treating life threatening postpartum hemorrhage. The procedure saves the maternal uterus and is also effective for postpartum DIC.