The sunscreening effect can be varied according to the vehicles. Therefore the purpose of this study is to compare the effect of vehicles(bases) on sun protection in p-aminobenzoic acid, cinnamate and benzophenone sunscreens with same concentration (2.5%), We included ointment (white petrolatum), cream (hydrophilic), milky lotion and alcohol as the sunscreen vehicles. The test results can be summarized as follows: We could not recognize a sunscreening effect of sunscreen vehicles which did not contain sunscreening agent. In the case of p-aminobenzoic acid, the mean sun protection factor was higher in the sequence of cream, milky lotion, alcohol, ointment, each showing 9, 95+/-3.67, 8.09+/-2.56, 5.14+/-1.45, 4.35+/-1.46 respectively. In the case of cinnamate, the mean sun protection factor was higher in the sequence of cream, ointment, milky lotion, alcohol, each showing 6 46+/-1.89, 5.42+/-1.49, 4.82+/-1.84, 4.05+/-1.45 respectively. 4. In the case of benzophenone, the mean sun protection factor was higher in the sequence of cream, alcohol, ointment, milky lotion, each showing 5 .26+/-1.56, 4.94+/-1.24, 4.56+/-1.71, 4.18+/-1.23 respectively.
4-Aminobenzoic Acid ; Skin* ; Solar System ; Sun Protection Factor ; Sunscreening Agents

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
DNA* ; Humans* ; Lymphocytes*

This study was undertaken to investigate the quantitative change of sunburn cell(FiBC)production and ear swelling reaction(ESR)aecording to the UVA radiation dose and time course sfter PUVA treatment. A total of 75 ICR male albino haired mice were used as subjects. The results were as follows : 1. At 24 hours after PUVA treatment, the mean SBC numbers per cm length of epidermis were 29.1+13.6 with 1J/cm, 48.8+19.5 with 5J/cm, and 51.6+14. 8 with 10J/cm of UVA irradiation. SBC production was dose related with respect to radiation dose, but the increment was not so remarkable with more than 5J /cm of UVA irradiation. 2. [n PUVA treatment using 5J/cm of UVA, the mean SBC numbers per cm length of epiderrnis were 48.8+19.5 after 24 hours, 63.8+18.3 after 48 hours. SBC numbers rose to a maximum at 48 hours, but epidermal damage precludecl SBC counting after this. 3. At, 24 hours after PUVA treatment, no significant ESR was observed with 1 an3 5J/cm of UVA. In PUVA treatment using lOJ/cm of UVA, the mean ear thickness was 20.6+1.7( x 10mm) before treatment and 30.1+3.3( x 10mm') at 2h: hours after treatment, which showed significa.nt change(p<0.05). 4. In PUVA treatment using 5J(cm of UVA, ESR showed significant change at 43hours reaching a maximum at 72 hours. After 7 days, ESR was not measurable due to ear necrosis.
Animals ; Ear* ; Epidermis ; Hair ; Humans ; Male ; Mice* ; Necrosis ; Skin* ; Sunburn*

Compared with the antipsoriatic retinoid etretinate, the new aromatic retinoid ar, itretin represents an important, advance due to its rapid eliminatian kinetics. Therefore acitretin treatment may represent an important alternative to etretinate in females of childbearing potential. From recent clinical studies it appears that acitretin and etretinate have similar therapeutic effectiveness in severe poriasis including generalized putular psoriasis and psoriatic erythroderma. We preset a case of generalized pustular psoriasis in a 18 year old female who was treated successfully with aritretin. She had generalized pustular eruptions on erythematous base associated with high fever and chills. With the administration of acitretin at a dose of 30mg/day, marked improvement was achieved.
Acitretin* ; Adolescent ; Chills ; Dermatitis, Exfoliative ; Etretinate ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Psoriasis*

BACKGROUND: The action of ultraviolet rays on DNA causes the main photobiologic response of cells to ultraviolet rays. To study this effect, tritiated thymidine autoradiography was used. Recently 5-bromo-2deoxyuridine(BrdU), an analogue of thymidine, immunohistochemistry has been developed and is used in the detection of synthetic phase cells. Compared to autoradiography, there are several advantages of BrdU immunohistochemistry; a shorter processing time, no requirement of specific facilites. PUVA, the combination method of UVA and Psoralen has lots of photobiologic effects. OBJECTIVE: Using Brdu immunohistochemistry, the effect of PUVA on the DNA synthesis of tape stripped mouse epdermis was studied. METHOD: Mice stripped by adhesive tape for enhancing DNA synthesis were injected intraperitoneally with 50mg/kg of BrdU immediately after stripping and at 6, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24 and 48 hours after tape stripping for decision of the time for PUVA. The skin diopsies were taken and the specimens were stained by BrdU immunohistochemistry. Single systemic PUVA exposure was performed on the stripped epidermis in peak synthetic time after tape stripping. The irradiation dose of UVA was 5J/cm(2). 8-MOP was administered at 90 minutes before UVA irradiation via a feeding tube with the dose of 16mg/kg. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with 50mg/kg of BrdU immediately after PUVA and at 12, 24, 48, 72 hours, and 7 days after PUVA. The skin biopsies were taken and the specimens were stained by BrdU immunohistochemistry. Positively labeled cells were counted per 5mm epidermis. RESULT: The results can be summerized as follows : 1. The mean numbers of BrdU labeled cells of each groups according to time after tape stripping were 11.0+/-4.4 at immediate, 24.0+/-9.7 at 6 hours 31.4+/-18.1 at 12 hours, 55.0+/-16.1 at 14 hors, 25.8+/-9.7 at 16 hors, 44.2+/-15.7 at 18 hors, 47.6+/-15.6 at 20 hors, 33.4+/-12.3 at 22 hors, 38.0+/-16.3 at 24 hors, and 22.0+/-8.2 at 48 hors group. The mean number of BrdU labeled cells was observed at 14 hors after tape stripping (p<0.05). So by tape stripping DNA synthesis was enhanced maximally at 14 hours after tape stripping. 2. The man numbers of BrdU labeled cells of each groups according to time after PUVA were 11.0+/-7.5 at immediate, 32.2+/-13.2 at immediate, 32.2+/-13.2 at 6hors, 26.4+/-13.4 at 24 hours, 18.0+/-3.4 at 48 hours, 40.3+/-8.3 at 72 hours, and 27.8+/-11.0 at 7 days group. The lowest number of BrdU labeled cells was observed immediately after PUVA(p<0.05). The decreasein the number of BrdU labeled cells significantly persisted 48 hours after PUVA(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The inhibitory effect on DNA synthesis of PUVA might be sustained 48 hours after PUVA. DNA synthesis was recovered at 72 hours after PUVA and sustained for 7 days.
Adhesives ; Animals ; Autoradiography ; Biopsy ; Bromodeoxyuridine ; DNA* ; Epidermis ; Ficusin ; Immunohistochemistry* ; Methoxsalen ; Mice ; Skin ; Thymidine ; Ultraviolet Rays

This study was done to study the effect of UVA radiation upon sunburn cell formation by UVB. In this study a total of 67 ICR male albino haired mice were used. The results were as follows: 1. UVA radiation produce a little or no sunburn cell in doses 5 J/cm(2), 10 J/cm(2), and 15 J/cm(2). 2. Preirradiation of UVA 5 J/cm, 10 J/cm(2), 15 J/cm(2) had no effect on the sunburn cell formation by UVB 20 mJ/cm(2), 80 mj/cm(2)
Animals ; Hair ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Sunburn*

Both irritation and staining reaction of anthralin on the skin are the two most important problem of therapy. Irritation, such as erythema, edema and staining by p. lg anthralin ointment were studied with the chamber-testing technique in 21 psoriatic patients. We campared the skin reaction of short exposure time, such as 1 hour, 2 hours, and 3 hours with those of exposure of 24 hours through 3 days after application. The results were as follows: l. Incidence of erytherna reaction was 81.9% in exposure of 1 hour, 85.7%, in 2 hours, 90.5%, in 3 hours and 100% in exposure of 24 hours. Degree of erythema reaction was increased according to duration of application. 2. There were no edematous reactions in exposure of 1 hour or 2 hours, 9,5% in 3 hours and 28,6% of grade 1 reaction in 24 hours. 3. There was no staining reaction in exposure of 1 hour, 48% in 2 hours, 9.5%, in 3 hours and 71.4% in 24 hours. Degree of staining reaction elicited by short exposure time were all weaker than reaction caused by 24 hours exposure.
Anthralin* ; Edema ; Erythema ; Humans ; Incidence ; Skin*

BACKGROUND: The xenon arc solar simulator is the most commonly used light source in studies on immediate tanning, but there has been no report on the immediate tanning response in Korean skin induced by UVA from that source. OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to measure the minimal immediate tanning dose(MITD) for UVA in Korean, brown skin. Methods: UVA irradiation was performed on normal back skin of twenty-six healthy Korean young adults, with increasing doses from 0.5J/cm2 to 4.5J/cm2 using xenon arc solar simulator equipped with appropriate filters. Visual assessment of MITD was done by two investigators. Results: The mean and standard deviations of MITD were 2.38+/- 0.65J/cm2 in 26 subjects. MITDs distributed from 1.0J/cm2 to 3.5J/cm2. There were no significant differences of MITD between skin type III and IV. Conclusion: Conclusively, we obtained the data on the MITD in Korean skin induced by UVA from the solar simulator. The results of this study may be valuable for the research into photomedicine and useful data for evaluating sunscreens.
Humans ; Research Personnel ; Skin ; Sunscreening Agents ; Tanning* ; Triacetoneamine-N-Oxyl* ; Xenon ; Young Adult*

Calcipotriol, a synthetic analogue of calcitriol(1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D) is as active as calcitriol in inducing cell differentiation and inhibiting cell pralifiration but at least 100 times less active than calcitriol in its effect on calcium metabolism. We report a case of psoriasis in a 28 year old male who was treated with calcipotriol ointment on the right forearm. The therapeutic effect of calcinoipotriol ointment was compared with desoxymethason, cream applied on the left forearm. Both topical agents reduced equally the degrees of scale, erythema and thickness of the lesions. We observed that the calcipotriol ointment was effective in the treatment of psoriasis n this case.
Adult ; Calcitriol ; Calcium ; Cell Differentiation ; Erythema ; Forearm ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolism ; Psoriasis*