No abstract available.
Behcet Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Behcet Syndrome*

Gas tamponade is sometimes necessary after vitrectomy. Accurate measurement of intraocular pressure(IOP) in gas-filled eye is important, but is hard to get in operating table, because of lack of a good measuring device. Schiotz tonometry is the only possible method, but it usually gives a lower value than real, because gas-filled eye has a greater compressibility. But if the Schiotz tonometry can give a consistant value in relation to the real value, one can assume a true IOP by simply converting the value, and it will help the vitrectomy surgeon. Vitrectomy with or without lensectomy were done in 7 pigmented rabbits, and fluidair exchange were done at the end of the surgery. Intraocular pressure was monitored by an air infusion system, and true IOP was measured by a transducer from the anterior chamber. Schiotz tonometry was done ar each 5mmHg IOP level, and the values were compared. Schiotz tonometry always gave a lower pressure, and the discrepancy seemed to be greater in aphakic eye, and when the heavier plunger weight were used. Conversion equation was suggested, and their reliability was discussed.
Anterior Chamber ; Intraocular Pressure* ; Manometry ; Operating Tables ; Rabbits ; Transducers ; Vitrectomy*

The patient was a 7 months old Korean girl, who was admitted to Department of Ophthalmology of the Seoul National University Hospital, with 6 months history of the left eyelid swelling and exophthalmos. Visual acuity and ocular movement were unaffected. Orbit CT revealed 1.5x.5 cm sized well circumscribed intraconal mass in the left retrobulbar space with pressure erosion of adjacent bone. At surgery, the mass was pinkish gray and firm, and was adherent to adjacent tissue. The whole mass could not be removed, and a local excision was done.

Advanced glycation end-product(AGE)is known as a factor causing diabetic retinopathy, but little is known about its effect on the function of outer blood-retinal barrier. To test whether AGE can increase the permeability of outer blood-retinal barrier, we injected glycated albumin into white rabbit eyes and observed the change of the fundus and of the outer blood-retinal barrier permeability. The rabbit retina in medullary ray was thickened in AGE-injected eyes. Intravenously injected microperoxidase, tracer molecule, was found in outer sensory retinal layer and outside of the retinal pigment epithelium in AGE-injected eyes. These results suggest that intraocularly injected AGE can increase the outer blood-retinal barrier permeability.
Blood-Retinal Barrier* ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; Permeability ; Retina ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium ; Retinaldehyde

The 291 eyes of the 280 retinal detachment patients were analyzed for general state of the retinal detachment, and 261 eyes of 250 patients were analyzed for the result of surgery. About half (49.3%) of the patient were between 20~39 years of age, and 8.6% were bilateral. Men were affected more than women (71.7:28.3). Round holes were predominant (54.3%), then horse-shoe tears (23.1%). Most were located at superior temporal quadrant, but dialysis were predominant at inferior temporal quadrant. Most (68.4%) of the patient were myopic, and aphakic patients were 9.4%, and trauma were associated in 10.3% of cases. The overall success rate of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment was 74.0%. The kind, number of the holes showed no effect on the success rate, only giant tears showed poor success rate. The age showed no effect on the success rate, except the group below 10 years of age, which showed poor success rate. The good pre-op vision, the normal IOP, The short duration, and small localized detachment had favorable effect on success rate. The repetition of the operation, and aphakia showed unfavorable effect. The shorter the duration, the lower the degree of the myopia, and the better the pre-op vision, were the final vision better. The cryopexy wns less associated with complications than diathermy. The most frequent causes of failure were giant tear and MVR. If the tear was not detected, the prognosis was poor, and nonrhegmatogenous retinal detachment showed poor prognosis.
Aphakia ; Dialysis ; Diathermy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Myopia ; Prognosis ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinaldehyde*

The results of diabetic vitrectomy on eyes with severe proliferative fibrovascular membranes are often disappointing, because of difficulties in removing the membranes. But we sometimes observe the regression of the proliferative fibrovascular membranes when the antero-posterior tractional force become released. Hence we compared the surgical prognosis of proliferative diabetic retmopathy according to the severity of proliferation and whether removal of antero-posterior vitreoretinal traction was complete or not. The results showed that the anatomic success rate and final visual acuities(VA) were significantly better in less-severe proliferation group(LSPG) than in severe prolif era tion group(SPG). In SPG, the anatomic success rate and VA tended to be better when we were able to remove the antero-posterior vitreoretinal adhesion completely whether the removal of preretinal membranes was complete or not. When complete removal of the diabetic fibrovascular membrane is difficult due to severe proliferation and broad adhesion, complete removal of anter-posterior traction only could be an alternative in diabetic vitrectomy.
Membranes ; Prognosis ; Traction ; Vitrectomy

We analyzed retrospectively 39 cases of 39 patients who had undergone surgery for penetrating ocular injury involving posterior segment to investigate the effect of pars plana vitrectomy on visual outcome and anatomical success. Patients who received surgery between January, 1990 to October, 1994 were included. The patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy were classified to 'vitrectomy group', and those who had not undergone vitrectomy were classified to 'primary repair group'. There were no significant differences in severity of ocular injury between the two groups. The vitrectomy group had significantly better result in functional success(visual result) and the anatomical success. Success rates of the two groups were compared in the presence of poor prognostic factors, including initial visual acuity worse than hand motion, hyphema more than 50%, vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment, laceration longer than 7mm, located more than 6mm posterior to the limbus. Vitrectomy group showed better results in the presence of each factor.
Hand ; Humans ; Hyphema ; Lacerations ; Retinal Detachment ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

The injection of various long-lasting inert gases into the vitreous cavity to flatten and support a detached retina is of proven value. Persistence of the inert gas can be advantageous from the point of view of retinal detachment surgery, but they can cause rising of the intraocular pressure(IOP) to a dangerously high level. So an accurate assessment of IOP in gas-filled eye is important. Previous studies documented that Schiotz tonometry significantly underestimates IOP in the gas-filled rabbit eye, and Goldmann tonometry is more accurate. But in the operating room, Schiotz tonometer is the only device to measure the IOP, so the relationship between the true lOP and the IOP measured by the Schiotz tonometry in the human eye is very important. In this study an attempt was made to find the extent of discrepancy between Schiotz and Goldmann tonometry in the assessment of IOP in the gas-filled human eye. We performed pars plana vitrectomy in 12 human eyes and pars plana vitrectomy with lensectomy in 10 human eyes. Postoperatively fluid-gas exchange was done with 15% perfluoropropane gas(C3F8). The IOP and gas level were checked immediately before fluid-gas exchange and 3hr, 6hr, 12hr, 24hr and 72hr after fluid-gas exchange using Schiotz and Goldmann tonometer. The relationship between IOP measured by Schiotz and Goldmann tonometer was suggested. In phakic and aphakic eyes, Schiotz tonometrry always gave a lower value, and the discrepancy seemed to be greater in the eyes filled with more gas.
Humans* ; Intraocular Pressure* ; Manometry ; Noble Gases ; Operating Rooms ; Retina ; Retinal Detachment ; Vitrectomy

Uveitis is a comprehensive term that indicates the inflammation of not only the uvea but also its adjacent tissues, and its etiology, clinical feature and prognosis are various. Uveitis can be classified in a variety of ways and this fact makes it difficult to compare each result. So we classified uveitis by the location with the method of Henderly, D.E.(1986): ant-, post-, intermediate- and panuveitis. We determined the frequency of occurrence, etiology and clinical characteristics of various forms of uveitis in Korea. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 683 patIents with uveitis seen at Seoul National University Hospital from January 1978 to December 1987 and the results were as follows. 1. 192 cases(29.1%) occurred as anterior uveitis, 218 cases(31.9%) as posterior uveitis, 166 cases(24.3%) as panuveitis and 107 cases(15.7%) as pars planitis: Posterior uveitis was the most common form of uveitis. 2. In cases of anterior uveitis, 142 cases(70.4%) were idiopathic, traumatic uveitis was seen in 18 cases(9.4%). In posterior uveatis, III cases(50.9%) were idiopathic, retinal vasculitis including Eales' disease in 60 cases(27.5%) and toxo-plasmosis in 23 cases(10.6%). In cases of panuveitis, idiopathic form occurred in 80 cases(48.2%), Behcet's disease in 41 cases(24.7%): Idiopathic form was the most common entity in all locations of uveitis.
Classification ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inflammation ; Korea* ; Panuveitis ; Pars Planitis ; Prognosis ; Retinal Vasculitis ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul ; Uvea ; Uveitis* ; Uveitis, Anterior ; Uveitis, Posterior