The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for dealing with the medical problems of homeless patients in medical protection. To sampling by age, sex, and carried out on 2440 homeless patients who have been given medical treatment between Jan. 1 Dec 31 in 1994 in the municipal D hospital in Seoul. Thus medical records of 172 patients were selected as the target data of this study. The selected data were analyzed by means of CATS, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression. Some significant results could be obtained as follows. 1. Epidemiological characteristics The average age of the patients was 40.59 : Their ages were distributed between 20 and 84, the median being 37. As for the admission season, winter overwhelmed any other season : 30.8 % of the patients were admitted in winter. 2. Medical characteristics The days of treatment had a tendency to increase in proportion to the ages of patients : age 20-30 group took the least (average 1.92 days) and age 51-60 group took the most (average 2. 35 days). When it comes to the degree of drinking, 66 out of 172 patients(38.8%) suffered from alcohol or drug abuse. All of them had more than two kinds of diseases and 47. 0% of them were admitted in winter. As for the number of diseases, those who had been admitted in winter and autumn had the most and the least ones respectively. From the view point of age, age 51-60 group had the most and age 31-40 group had the least diseases. Viewed from the point of the days of treatment, those who had been treated for more than two days had more diseases than those treated for one day. From the viewpoint of administrative measures, the group committed by the police had more diseases than the other group and the group who had been treated free of charge had more diseases than the other group. The number of diseases was very closely related to the degree of drinking(Pearson correlation coefficients 0.877): No less than 77.83% of the diseases could be explained by only age and the degree of drinking. The above results implies that the government measures for the homeless patients should be reconsidered. They should not simply be accommodated in the social welfare facilities with a view to maintaining the order of the society. Instead we should admit them as economically weak class and deal with their medical problems in the field of medical protection.
Animals ; Cats ; Drinking ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Police ; Seasons ; Seoul ; Social Welfare ; Substance-Related Disorders

Ankle arthrography, by direct puncture of joint cavity, is considered to be a simple and accurate diagnosticmethod for a precise evaluation of ligamentous injury. Forty-seven cases of ankle arthrography were successivelyperformed in the patients of acute ankle sprains. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how anklearthrography can delineate the pathologic anatomy in such cases. The results are as follows; 1. Thirty cases amongforty seven revealed the findings of ligament tears. 2. For better diagnostic accuracy, the arthrography sholud beperformed within 72 hrs. after injury. 3. The anterior talofibular ligament tears were the most common(twenty-nine cases) of all and seventeen of them revealed tears without association of any other ligament terars.4. There were ten cases of calcaneofibular ligament tears and nine of them were associated with anteriortalofibular ligament tears. 5. Three cases of anterior tibiofibular and one deltoid ligament tears were demonstrated.
Ankle Injuries ; Ankle ; Arthrography ; Humans ; Joints ; Lateral Ligament, Ankle ; Ligaments ; Punctures ; Tears

No abstract available.
Malocclusion*

The lingual multibracket appliance was developed to overcome the unesthetic nature of traditional fixed orthodontic labial appliances; however, treatment with this appliance was regarded as very difficult as well as a time-consuming. Recently, these problems have been reduced because of advances in lingual bracket systems, improved indirect bonding technique and the development of more flexible wires. There has been a marked increase in the number of adults desiring orthodontic treatment over recent years and many of these patients tend to seek invisible orthodontic appliances due to esthetic reasons. Although the lingual multibracket treatment is not ideal, this form of treatment is currently the best option for the patients with esthetic concerns. Here, I would like to present a case treated successfully with lingual multibracket appliance.
Adult ; Humans ; Orthodontic Appliances

No abstract available.
Home Care Services* ; Humans ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory*

PURPOSE: In children disorders affecting brain white matter are not uncommon and MRI has high sensitivity to detect white matter lesions. We performed this study to find out the distribution of underlying diseases that show abnormal white matter image findings on brain MRI and the relationship between the underlying diseases and some particular patterns of MR imaging abnormalities. METHODS: Out of 1477 pediatric patients who visited the department of pediatrics of Yeungnam University Medical Hospital and took brain MRIs from January 1995 to June 2001, ninety five patients with white matter abnormalities on T2 MR images were evaluated retrospectively. This study excluded the patients with brain tumor, brain abscess, trauma, secondary white matter abnormalities due to hydrocephalus, cerebral infarct, and those whose main lesions were gray matter. RESULTS: The most common underlying disease was cerebral palsy(50 cases, 52.6%), followed by acute disseminated encephalitis(10 cases, 10.5%), intrauterine CMV infections (9 cases, 9.5%), inherited neurometabolic disorders(7 cases, 7.4%). In 12 patients(12.6%) with some neurological problems such as afebrile seizures and developmental delay, no underlying disease were found. The most common pattern of abnormal image findings was periventricular white matter lesions(45.3%) strongly related with cerebral palsy. The pattern of peritrigonal deep white matter lesions was found in 19 patients(20.0%), in 10 patients of whom no underlying diseases were found. The pattern of multiple round margined scattered lesions was found in all the 10 patients(10.5%) of acute disseminated encephalitis. CONCLUSION: There are diverse underlying diseases showing abnormal white matter image findings on MR in pediatric patients and particular patterns of abnormal image findings may serve to make a specific diagnosis possible. But not in a small group of children no diagnosis was established. Further studies regarding the underlying diseases affecting white matter lesions and more detailed knowledge of abnormal MR image findings are needed.
Brain ; Brain Abscess ; Brain Neoplasms ; Cerebral Palsy ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Encephalitis ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Leukoencephalopathies* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pediatrics ; Retrospective Studies ; Seizures

A 14-year old girl presented with urinary incontinence along with normally secured voluntary voiding. Careful physical examination revealed leakage of urine through a small opening near the vestibule, ventral to the urethral meatus. Cystoscopically, the right ureteral orifice was absent but otherwise normal. Nonfunctioning right kidney was found on excretory urography. A #4 ureteral catheter was inserted into the ectopic opening as high as 10cm, and the retrograde pyelogram showed dilated right ureter ending blindly at the level of lumber vertebra II with stricture at the level of the tip of the catheter. After the right nephroureterectomy, she became dry and was discharged on the 12th postoperative day. The removed kidney weighed only 8 Gm. and pathological diagnosis was congenital hypoplasia of the right kidney with ectopic ureteral opening.
Adolescent ; Catheters ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney* ; Physical Examination ; Spine ; Ureter* ; Urinary Catheters ; Urinary Incontinence ; Urography

No abstract available.
B-Lymphocytes* ; Humans* ; Interleukins*

No abstract available.
B-Lymphocytes* ; Humans* ; Interleukins*

This study was done to compare the nutritional status of antioxidant vitamins between college women smokers and nonsmokers. Dietary intakes and serum levels of antioxidant vitamins were determined in 33 smokers and 42 nonsmokers residing in the Seoul area. Dietary intakes of vitamin A and C were determined by a quick and convenient dietary intake method. Serum vitamin C level was measured by 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine method and serum levels of vitamin A and E were measured by HPLC. The mean A intake of nonsmokers and smokers was 504.3 microgram R.E./day and 450. 4 microgram R.E./day and the mean vitamic C intake of nonsmokers and smokers was 51.6mg/day and 50.2mg/day, reapectively. There was no difference in the dietary intakes of antioxidant vitamins between smokers and nonsmokers. The serum vitamin A level, 0.71mg/1 in nonsmokers was not significantly different from that of 0.74mg/1 in smokers. However, the serum vitamin C level, 7.94mg/1 in smokers was 15% lower(p<0.05) than that of 9.30mg/1 in nonsmokers. The serum vitamin E level, 18.15mg/1 in smoders was also 34% lower(p<0.05) than that of 27.58mg/1 in nonsmokers. There was no significant correlation between dietary intakes and serum levels of vitamin A and C for both smokers and nonsmokers. These results suggest that cigarette smokers need more dietary intakes of vitamin C and E than do nonsmokers to reach the same serum level.
Ascorbic Acid ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Female ; Humans ; Nutritional Status* ; Seoul ; Tobacco Products ; Vitamin A ; Vitamin E ; Vitamins*