Search Results

Allergy was originally defined in 1906 in 1906 by Clemens von Pirquet as 'altered reactivity' to denote the different reaction which on second exposure to and antigen due to the formation fo antibodies, when compared to the first exposure. The term atopy decribes the clinical presentation of Type I hypersensitivity, which include asthna, eczema, hay fever and urticaria, These usually occur in subjects with a family history of these or similar conditions. The mechanism of allergy is the Type I hypersensitity reaction. contact with allergen results in its being processed by an antigen presenting cell and presented to T helper cells which then help B cells to IgE antibody. The IgE antibody is rapidly taken up via its Fc portion by mast cells and basophils, which are then senitized. Subsequent contact with same allergen will result in the cross-linking of IgE molecules by their fab portions which cause cell degranulation and mediator release. The contribution of genentic factors to the development of atopy has been an intriguing issue. The exact controlling mechanisms of the genetic factors are unknown, but there are many studies support the genetic controls of the development of atopy. Abnormally high levels of IgE synthesis and associated atopy often run in families. Althouth the full inhritance pattern is probably multigenic, family studies has shown that their is clear autosomal transmission of atopy. The ability to make specific IgE antibodies to certain antigens, e.g., ragweed pollen, is also inherited and may be linked to particular class II major histocompatibility complex alleles. Therefore, I think that the clinicians must consider the environmental and genetic factors when evaluate the atopic disease.
Alleles ; Ambrosia ; Antibodies ; B-Lymphocytes ; Basophils ; Cell Degranulation ; Eczema ; Genetics* ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity* ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate ; Immunoglobulin E ; Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Mast Cells ; Pollen ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer ; Urticaria

A clinical review was done on 343 infants and children diagnosed and operated at the Department of Pediatric Surgery in Keimyung University, Dong San Medical Center for congenital gastrointestinal anomalies from January, 1988 to December, 1991. The results are summarized as follows; The most prevalent age group of congenital gastrointestinal anomaly was within first week after birth, and infants within 3months occupied 70% of total, and male to female ratio was 2:1. 2) The moat common lesion of congenital gastrointestinal anomalies was stomach with 87cases (25.4%), followed by anus with 80 cases (23.3%), colon with 63 cases (18.4%) and biliary tract with 38 cases(11.1%). 3) The most common congenital anomaly was congenital hypertophic pyloric stenosis with 87 cases (25.4%), followed by imperforate anus with 70 cases (20.4%), congenital megacolon with 63 cases (18.4%), and prevalent age was 2 week-3month, first week after birth, 1month-3year. 4) The incidence of common congenital gastrointestinal anomalies were mostly higher in male than in female but choledochal cyst was higher in female than in male. 5) Associated anomalies were observed in 14 cases (4%) of total cases, duodenal atresia was seen the highest rate of the associated anomalies and the most common associated anomaly was annular pancreas, followed by Down syndrome, congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
Anal Canal ; Anus, Imperforate ; Biliary Tract ; Child ; Choledochal Cyst ; Colon ; Down Syndrome ; Female ; Hernia, Diaphragmatic ; Hirschsprung Disease ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Male ; Pancreas ; Parturition ; Pyloric Stenosis ; Stomach