No abstract available.
Blepharoplasty*

No abstract available.
Sterilization, Tubal*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Ectropion*

No abstract available.
Classification* ; Joints*

No abstract available.
Subcutaneous Tissue*

The malar bones are major determinants of mid-facial shape. In an oriental population, malar prominences are considered an unpleasing and undesirable feature because they give the face a triangular shape and may produce an emaciated and sunken appearance. There are two main operative approaches to malarplasty. One is a coronal approach and the other is a intraoral approach. The former possess advantages of symmetricity, accuracy and superiorly, medially and posteriorly aesthetical transposition of the malar bone. However, it has drawbacks such as a long visible scar on the scalp and extensive operation. Though the latter is a simple method avoiding a visible scar, it has some problems of asymmetricity, cheekdrooping, partial transposition of the malar complex and difficulty of aesthetic transposition. The authors intended to perform intraoral malarplasty for symmetrically aesthetic transposition of the whole malar bone without cheekdrooping. From February 1996 to January 1999, 9 female patients with prominent malar complex, in whom the coronal incision was objectionable, had intraoral malarplasty performed with 2-point fixation after L-shaped osteotomy involving the zygomatic process of maxilla, resulting in symmetric and aesthetically desirable three dimensional transposition of the malar bone.
Cicatrix ; Female ; Humans ; Maxilla* ; Osteotomy ; Scalp ; Zygoma

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid*

PURPOSE: To see the stability and error in the diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging technique in the experimental models and to observe the signal intensities in the early cerebral lesions of the animal models. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Diffusion coefficients of acetone and distilled water were measured by diffusion-weighted MR image and were compared with actual values. Differentiation of diffusion from perfusion were done at the resin flow phantom. The signal intensities caused by early parenchymal changes were measured in normal, hypovolemic, and embolic, and dead animal models by using diffusion-weighted image and compared with pathoIogic finding and vital staining. RESULTS: Diffusion coefficients of acetone and distilled water were 4.48 x 10-3 and 2.72 x 10-3 which were very close to the actual values. Diffusion-weighted MR image obtained at flow phantom was not affected by flow (perfusion) at the 100-400 of b-factor range. Animal study done at that b-factor range revealed a significant signal difference between the left and right sides only at the embolic model induced by polyvinyl alchol particles (p<0.05). These changes were not detected in microscopic finding but could be identified in vital staining. CONCLUSION: Diffusion-weighted MR image can be used to detect early parenchymal change when the appropriate b-factor range was applied.
Acetone ; Animals ; Diffusion* ; Hypovolemia ; Models, Animal ; Models, Theoretical* ; Perfusion ; Polyvinyls ; Water

Autogenous costal cartilage graft has been commonly used for reconstruction of auricular deformity. However, the risk of complication and discomfort at the donor site, as well as distortion of the graft due to morphological change in the cartilage have been serious drawbacks to this procedure. Previous studies examining the chondrogenic potential of perichondrium have suggested that perichondrium may be used as graft for cartilage reconstruction. When a perichondrial flap or a free perichondrium was used as graft, new cartilage formed appositional to the grafted perichondrium. However, the neocartilage was often irregular in shape and varied considerably in quantity. In this study, the feasibility of controlling the shape and the mass of neocartilage was investigated using coral, a porous biomaterial, as a template. A coral a template was wrapped with perichondrial flap from the ears of New Zealand white rabbits and placed into a subcutaneous pocket in the rabbits and placed into a subcutaneous pocket in the rabbit's back by incision. A total of 12 animals were used. Formation of new cartilage was later evaluated by gross and histological examination of the perichondrial flap and the coral template. New cartilage was formed in 11 animals. Immature chondrocytes were visible by 3 weeks after the surgery, and by 8 weeks the immature chondrocytes had formed a cartilage. New cartilage was formed only on the surface of the coral template. These results indicated that the shape and the mass of new cartilage may be controlled by using coral template. Therefore, the desired shape of cartilage may be achieved using a coral template of corresponding shape, and this may help in correcting subtle auricular contour defect and in correcting other structural defects that also require new cartilage formation.
Animals ; Anthozoa* ; Cartilage ; Chondrocytes ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Ear ; Humans ; Rabbits ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants