A fall in systemic arterial pressure after implantation of acrylic cement into the acetabulum and proximal femoral shaft in the surgery of total hip prosthesis was observed and also the following results were obtained in three cases of total hip prosthesis under general anesthesia. 1) Blood pressure was usually decreased immediately after implantation of acrylic cement and returned to normal level approximately within 5 minutes. 2) The marked fall in blood pressure was more often observed with the introduction of bone cement into the proximal femoral shaft but less with the acetabular implantation of bone cement. 3) It is urged to measure blood pressureat the minute interval immediately after insertion of bone cement.
Acetabulum* ; Anesthesia, General ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure* ; Hip Prosthesis

The author reported an anesthetic experience of left adrenalectomy for a 37year old man with primary aldosteronism. The patient tolerated fluothane-oxygen via semiclosed circle anesthesia very well. During anesthesia, violent change in blood pressure was not observed.
Adrenalectomy ; Anesthesia ; Blood Pressure ; Humans ; Hyperaldosteronism*

Tracheostomy cannulation, introduced since 1952 as a means of long-term ventilatory support, has occasionally resulted in severe traumatic lesions of trachea and tracheoesophageal fistula. This case report consists of a tracheoesophageal fistula developed 115 days after tracheostomy cannulation in a 61 year old driver with C.V.A. The causative factor in this patient seemed to be the tip of tracheostomy cannulation.
Catheterization* ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Trachea ; Tracheoesophageal Fistula* ; Tracheostomy*

The effects of ether and halothane anesthesia, and surgery on blood sugar level in children were studied in twelve patients, Six patients were anesthetized with ether and other six patients with halothane. Blood samples were taken two times through a catheter in the external jugular vein after intravenous injection of pentothal 6 mg/kg and succinylcholine 1mg/kg during the anesthesia and. surgical procedure. Blood sugar was measured with the orthotoluidine method. The mean value of blood sugar in the ether group was elevated significantly from 68 mg/100 inl to 92. 2 mg/100 ml and also in the halothane group it was elevated' from 68. 8 mg/l00 ml to 81 mg/100 ml, with a significant difference that the blood sugar level was higher in the ether group than in the halothane group. Results were also compared with the hyperglycemic response to different types of surgery. The value of blood sugar under general anesthesia during intra-abdominal, body surface and other surgery was measured. The hyperglycemic response to intra-abdominal surgery was the largest and the next was in other surgery, and in body surface surgery it was smallest, so it was shown there is a relationship between the degree of trauma and the rise in blood sugar.
Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, General ; Blood Glucose* ; Catheters ; Child* ; Ether ; Halothane ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Jugular Veins ; Methods ; Succinylcholine ; Thiopental

The choice of equipment for the administration of anesthesia depends to a considerable extent upon personal preference. Underlying factors must guide this choice, however. Equipment is suited to the individual patient, with especial care to avoid resistance, dead space, fatigue, and trauma, since all of these insults are easily imposed upon small patients. As we have had good experience in pediatric anesthesia with the Ambu valve and the results were satisfactory, we report with discussion of references.
Anesthesia* ; Fatigue ; Humans

Cardiac arrest is an alarming emergency. To be faced with it during strabismus surgery is a frightening experience for both surgeon and anesthesiologist. We have experienced with a case of cardiac arrest during traction of medial rectus muscle for strabismus surgery. Surgery was completed successfully after retrobulbar block with 2% lidocaine.
Emergencies ; Heart Arrest* ; Lidocaine ; Strabismus* ; Traction

Primary tumors of the ureter are usually malignant and rare, a few are benign. Benign tumors arising from mesoderm are especially rare. But, recently the incidence rate was progressively increased due to developed methods of diagnostic procedures. We herein report a case of ureteral polyp in the left ureteropelvic junction with a brief review of literatures.
Incidence ; Mesoderm ; Polyps* ; Ureter*

OBJECTIVE: C2 laminar screw fixation is considered as an excellent alternative to Magerl's transfacetal approach or Harms construct for the atlantoaxial stabilization. However, to our knowledge, there is no report on the feasibility of the new approach to Korean population. We investigated morphometric parameters of the dorsal arch of the C2 to provide the quantitative data for the feasibility of laminar screw fixation. METHODS: One-hundred-and-two patients' cervical computed tomography had been reconstructed and investigated on the anatomical parameters related with C2 laminar screw placement. Sixty patients were male and forty-two patients were female. Measurements included the laminar thickness and slope, spino-laminar angle, and maximal screw length. RESULTS: Ages ranged from 20 to 81 and the mean age was 48.4. Mean laminar thickness was 5.7 mm (+/-1.0) (5.8 mm in male and 5.4 mm in female). Fifty-one patients (50%) had a laminar thickness smaller than 5.5 mm at least unilaterally, therefore the patients were considered as inappropriate candidates for the laminar screw fixation in the smaller side of the laminae. Mean value of maximal length of screw was 33.3 mm (34.3 mm in male and 31.9 mm in female). Mean spino-laminar angle was 43.2degrees and mean slope angle was 32.9degrees. CONCLUSION: Half of patients had inappropriate laminar profiles to accommodate a 3.5 mm screw in at least one side of the axis. The three-dimensional computed tomography reconstruction is mandatory for the preoperative assessment for the feasibility of the C2 lamina.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Female ; Humans ; Male

Authors experienced a case of torsion of spermatic cord recently and reviewed the literatures. The patient was a 33 year-old male with chief complaints of sudden onset on left scrotal swelling and testicular pain. Physical examination was not significant except positive Prehn`s sign on the involving side of testicle. Under the diagnosis of torsion of spermatic cord, he was performed of left orchiectomy and the opposite side orchiopexy.
Adult ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Orchiectomy ; Orchiopexy ; Physical Examination ; Spermatic Cord Torsion ; Spermatic Cord* ; Testis

BACKGROUND: A nationwide prospective multicenter study was performed in Korea to determine the incidence and risk factors for surgical site infections (SSI) after craniotomies (CRAN), ventricular shunt operations (VS), gastric operations (GAST), colon operations (COLO), rectal operations (RECT), hip joint replacements (HJR), and knee joint replacements (KJR). METHODS: We collected data regarding demographics, clinical and operative risk factors for SSI, and antibiotics administered to the patients who underwent CRAN in 18 hospitals, VS in 19 hospitals, GAST in 19 hospitals, COLO in 19 hospitals, RECT in 19 hospitals, HJR in 24 hospitals, and KJR in 23 hospitals between January and December 2009. All the data were collected using a real-time web-based reporting system. RESULTS: The SSI rate of CRAN, VS, GAST, COLO, RECT, HJR, and KJR was 3.68 (22/1,169), 5.96 (14/235), 4.25 (75/1,763), 3.37 (22/653), 5.83 (27/463), 1.93 (23/1,190), and 2.63 (30/1,139), respectively, per 100 operations. The only significant risk factor for SSI after CRAN was postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage. The independent risk factors for SSI after GAST were multiple procedure, reoperation, infection of other sites, and transfusion. In HJR, the duration of preoperative hospital stay and operation time were longer, and the need for general anesthesia, transfusion, and steroid use and the incidence of contaminated/dirty wound, obesity, and infection of other sites were significantly increased in the infected group. In KJR, the duration of preoperative hospital stay was longer and the need for reoperation was significantly higher in the infected group, and in addition, the incidence of SSI was higher among males. CONCLUSION: The maintenance of surveillance on SSI is very important because surveillance provides valuable information to the surgeon and infection control personnel, which in turn helps decrease the incidence of SSI.
Anesthesia, General ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Colon ; Craniotomy ; Demography ; Hip Joint ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infection Control ; Knee Joint ; Korea ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Obesity ; Reoperation ; Risk Factors