Objective:To prepare fluorouracil-loaded chitosan nanoparticle (5-Fu-CS-NP) for ophthalmologic usage and evaluate its releasing characteristics in vitro. Methods: 5-Fu-CS-NP was prepared with 5-Fu, polyacrylic acid and chitosan using dispersion method. The mean size, entrapment efficiency (EE%), drug loading (DL%) and the in vitro releasing characteristics of 5-Fu-CS-NP were investigated.Results and conclusion: The mean size of 5-Fu-CS-NP was (144.6?3.1) nm, the EE% was 84.5% and the DL% was 3.91%. 5-Fu-CS-NP had a satisfactory sustained-releasing effect and the releasing could last for 3-7 days, and the release behavior was not greatly changed within a pH value of 7.2-7.4.

Objective To detect and analyse the mutations in rhodopsin gene of members in a family affected by autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (ADRP). Methods Using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we amplified exon 1-5 of rhodopsin gene in patients with ADRP,and analyzed it with direct sequence measuement. Results The Gly-182-Asp mutation in the rhodopsin gene was detected in most of affected members of this ADRP family, but no mutation was detected in two affected members and the control ones. Conclusion We cannot regard the Gly-182-Asp mutation in the rhodopsin gene as the pathagenic factor of the ADRP family. It is likely there is a new gene next to the rhodopsin gene.

There are some characteristics in ophthalmology teaching for students of seven-year program,such as ophthalmological theory teaching,teaching materials selection,clinical effective teaching methods,and research training methods.In view of the existing problems in current ophthalmology teaching mode for seven-year program,a series of initiatives for researching a new mode has been taken,and some achievements have been made in these fields by exploring some effective teaching methods and practice.

As a frontier branches of science,a significant progress in orbital diseases has been achieved in the last few years.In view of the existing problems in current teaching mode for experts in orbital disease and their characteristics,a series of initiatives for researching a new mode have been taken,and some achievements have been made.

MicroRNAs (miRNA), an abundant class of highly conserved small non-coding RNAs, suppress gene expression by binding to the 3' UTR of target mRNAs, which presents an entirely new approach to post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. MiRNAs have been shown to play key roles in the regulation of diverse biological processes, such as development, inflammation, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis. Several studies have shown the dysregulated miRNAs in various lymphomas including the overexpression of miR-106a and miR-17-92 in T cell lymphoma;upregulated miR-155, miR-221 and miR-21 in diffuse large B-cell iymphoma and follicular cell lymphoma, and these miRNAs associated with subtypes of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Overexpression of the miR-17 cluster showed reduced levels of apoptosis, suggesting that the main effect of these miRNAs was to suppress cell death. Although miRNAs can act as both tumour suppressor and oncogenic molecules, the mechanistic explanation for this dysregulation is unclear but maybe linked to the defects in the miRNA biosynthetic machinery. As more evidence accumulates, it is likely that miRNAs will emerge as a new class of epigenetic regulator.

The mucosa associated lymphoid tissue(MALT) lymphoma represents a distinct subgroup of B cell non Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) arising from extranodal sites. These neoplasms usually arise from the gastrointestinal tract,salivary gland,thyroid and ocular adnexal, which have been recognized from clinical,pathological and molecular genetics aspects.In this paper we reviewed the investigation progress of MALT lymphoma molecular biology.

AIM: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of loteprednol for controlling of ocular inflammation. METHODS: Data from 8 relevant monographs were retrieved by means of computerized and manual search. The combined analysis of the data was assessed in terms of clinical and statistical criteria, and the data were extracted and synthesized by using the statistical techniques of meta-analysis. Treatment effects and safety of loteprednol were through counting as risk difference between treatment and control groups. The estimates of pooled risk differences were computed according to a random-effects model. RESULTS: A total of 1 660 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled risk differences of intraocular pressure elevation were 1 % (95 % CI, -1 %, 3 %) compared with placebo, -5 % (95 % CI, -9 %, 0 %) compared with prednisolone, respectively. Compared with placebo, pooled risk differences of inflammation improvement were: 31 % (95 % CI, 22 %, 40 %) of postoperative inflammation, 28 % (95 % CI, 19 %, 37 %) of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, and 26 % (95 % CI, 18 %, 35 %) of giant papillary conjunctivitis, respectively. Compared with prednisolone, pooled risk differences of inflammation improvement of acute anterior uveitis was -15 % (95 % CI, -25 %, -4 %). CONCLUSION: Loteprednol is a safe and effective corticosteroid in controlling ocular inflammation such as postoperative inflammation, seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, giant papillary conjunctivitis, and acute anterior uveitis.

Objective The analysis of hospitalization expenses contributes to effective measures for reducing medical costs.The authors investigated the hospitalization expenses and the influencing factors in orbital cavernous hemangioma (OCH) patients in Shanghai Changzheng Hospital.Methods In view of clinical diagnosis and treatment and social economics,we conducted a single factor analysis and a stepwise multiple linear regression analysis on the influencing factors of the hospitalization expenses of 81 OCH patients from 2002 to 2007.Results The six-year hospitalization expenses of the OCH patients averaged RMB $7 071.4 and the median was RMB $7 038.7,with the costs of surgical materials (54.3%),Western medicine (13.3%) and laboratory examinations (8.1%) as the top three figures.The single factor analysis and stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showed 8 factors to be statistically significant in influencing the hospitalization expenses of the OCH patients,namely,marital status,occupation,complications,anterior orbitotomy,previous treatment,proptosis,hospitalization year and preoperative hospital stay (P

As a frontier branches of science,a significant progress in orbital diseases has been achieved in the last several years.In view of the existing problems in current teaching mode for experts in orbital diseases and their characteristics,a series of initiatives for researching a new mode have been taken,and some achievements have been made.

By relating the construction of orbital diseases’ resources bank,the clinical data became useful teaching resources.This paper introduces the construction requirements,its application in teaching for experts in orbital disease and some problems to be solved.