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The prevalence of obesity,type 2 diabetes,and other chronic non-communicable diseases is increasing rapidly world-wide.Most recent epidemiological data showed that China is now in an era of obesity,and under a huge burden of the complications related with obesity,diabetes,as well as cerebral-and cardiovascular disorders.Strenuous efforts,comprehensive strategies,effective measures,and practical solutions must all be taken to combat against these chronic diseases.

NKG2D is an activating receptor expressed on various immune cells' surfaces.Currently,eight ligands have been found,they can be divided into two kinds:MHC Ⅰ related protein and ULBP molecules.NKG2D receptors and their respective ligands differentially exist in normal and cancerous tissues.So far,many researchers have found that a lot of immune cells' anti-tumor mechanism is mediated by NKG2D receptor and it can't be replaced in the resistance to the development of carcinoma.adoptive immunotherapy is a new method of treating cancer that propose to find tumor-specific cytotoxicity immune cells and enlarge the amount of it,then injected into human body to resist tumor.Recently,many researchers have found that DNT cells (CD4-CD8-T 细胞)have the function of anti-tumor;sadly its mechanisms are unclear.After the summary of NKG2D receptor-mediated pathway of destruction,this paper try to analyze its relevance to DNT cells' killing effect,on the purpose of finding the Killing mechanism of DNT cells that may existed.

BACKGROUND:Rabbit VX2 hepatocarcinoma models are characterized by expanded and infiltrative growth, abundant blood supply, similar pathological and imaging features to human hepatocelular carcinoma, so this model is ideal for imaging experiments. OBJECTIVE: To establish rabbit VX2 hepatocarcinoma models and compare two different laparotomy methods in establishing rabbit VX2 hepatocarcinoma models. METHODS:Thirty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups: traditional laparotomy (tumor particles were directly embedded into the liver with tweezers) and improved laparotomy (tumor particles were injected into the liver through a 15G syringe needle). The growth features of the tumor established in two different ways were compared by ultrasound. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The tumor formation rate was 100% in the two groups; the single rate was respectively 50% and 90%; the ectopic implantation rate was 50% and 10%, there were significant differences between two groups (P < 0.05). The mortality rate within 2 weeks was 33% and 0 in the two groups, with significant differences (P < 0.05). The improved laparotomy method is feasible for modeling rabbit VX2 hepatocarcinoma, due to minimal injury, short operation time, high success rate and stable features.

Since the 1960s,endovascular coil embolization has gradually become another treatment for intracranial aneurysms in addition to craniotomy clipping surgery,and in recent years,it has become the preferred method for many neurologists.However,the complexity of intracranial vascular anatomy and the diversity of intracranial aneurysm make the coil embolization alone unable to meet the needs of all intracranial aneurysms.And then some novel materials and techniques emerged,such as coated coils,balloon-assisted embolization,stent-assisted embolization,and covered stents.The principle of covered stents for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms is to place a kind of stents with bio-physical barriers into the parent arteries,while maintaining the patency of the parent artery,thus isolating aneurysms,leading to thrombogenesis inside and finally curing the lesions while maintaining the patency of parent arteries.It has huge advantage in the treatment of wide-necked,huge,dissecting and pseudo aneurysms without important adjacent branch vessels.This article reviews the application situation and the prospects of development of covered stents in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms.

Objective To probe into the relationship of self-management behavior and hope level in patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods The research instruments included three questionnaires:the Coronary Artery Disease Self-management Scale,the Herth Hope Scale and the demographic characteristics of respondents.Results Self-management behavior was in medium level and it was necessary to be improved.The total score of self-management behavior was positively correlated with hope level.Conclusions Medical workers should fully understand the status of selfmanagement behavior,and promote desirable self-management behavior through increase of hope level.

As the introduction of novel agents,the median overall survival of elderly newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients has increased roughly from 30 to 60 months.But patients with high risk prognostic features still have a poor clinical outcome.This paper which combined the 19th annual congress of the European Hematology Association (EHA) reviews the advances in elderly patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma,including standard of care,the way to treatment and prognostic factors.

Objective To investigate the changes of myocardial ATPase activity and plasma tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF- a) levels in rats with acute craniocerebral injury (ACI).Methods Sixtyfour male SD rats were randomly (random number) divided into sham group and model group.The observation intervals were set at 2 h,6 h,24 h and 72 h after ACI (n =8,at each interval).ACI model was established in rats by free falling objects hitting skull.Plasma levels of cardiac troponin Ⅰ (cTnⅠ) and TNF-αwere determined by using enzyme -linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).And the myocardial Na +-K+ -ATPase and Ca2+ -ATPase activity changes were determined by colorimetric method.Then the pathological change of myocardium with HE staining were observed under light - microscopy.Results Plasma cTnⅠ and TNF-α levels increased (P ＜ 0.05),while myocardial Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+- ATPase activity decreased in the rats with ACI (P ＜ 0.05 ); There was a negative correlation between myocardial Na + -K + -ATPase、Ca2 + -ATPase activity and plasma Ievels of cTnI ( r =0.357,r =0.557,P ＜ 0.05),and positive correlation between plasma levels of TNF-α and cTnⅠ ( r =0.920,P ＜ 0.05 ).Vacuolar degeneration and necrosis with inflammatory cell infiltrates of myocardium were observed under light -microscopy.Conclusions ACI can lead to myocardial injury,resulting in increase in plasma cTnⅠ and TNF-αand decrease in myocardial ATPase activity.Decrease in myocardial ATPase and increase in TNF-αmay involve in the pathogenesis of myocardial injury after ACI.

Objective To observe the effect and mechanism of periosteal pressure kneading plus resistance exercise in improving obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).Methods Thirty-two patients with moderate OSAHS were divided randomly into a kneading plus resistance training group and a conventional drug group,each group with 16 patients.The training group was given periosteal pressure kneading plus resistance exercise while the drug group received only conventional oral treatment with drugs.Before and after treatment,polysomnography (PSG),Thera-Band elastic bands and a PWS angle measuring instrument were used to observe PSG parameters around the neck plus the muscle strength and cervical activity of both groups.Results In the training group the following components of the PSG index had improved significantly compared with before treatment:respiratory events (AHI),sleep structure (SS),awakening number (AN),non-rapid eye movement (NREM),rapid eye movement (REM),mean oxyhemoglobin saturation (MSaO2) events,lowest oxyhemoglobin saturation (LSaO2),and the index of oxyhemoglobin saturation decrease (ODI).In the drug group only the LSaO2 and ODI had improved significantly compared with before treatment.In terms of the PSG parameters,the training group demonstrated significantly greater improvement than the drug group.After treatment,the training group's average residence time in neck load pulling was extended significantly while that of the drug group showed no significant change.The difference between the groups was statistically significant.After the treatment the training group's average activity of the cervical spine was also significantly increased,and again the drug group showed no significant improvement.Conclusion Skeletal lesions in peripheral airways may be an important factor in the formation of OSAHS.Periosteum kneading with resistance exercise has an obvious curative effect on OSAHS.

Separations of neurotransmitters such as dopamine (DA), ser otonin (5-HA), norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) were performed successf ully using a homemade electric field modulated capillary electrophoretic system, which could offer both radial and axial electric fields with only one high volt age power supply. DA and 5-HT were eluted simulaneously and could not be resolv ed in 0.01 mol/L phosphate buffer at pH 2.5. Alcohol additives, such as methanol , ethanol or 1-propanol were added to the buffer to change the solvation shell of the solutes, which changed their effective sizes and electrophoretic mobiliti es of the solutes accordingly. The optimum composition was a buffer of 20% (V ／V） 1-propanol, with resulted resolutions 0.74 (DA/5-HT), 0.56(5-HT/NE) and 0.77 (NE/E). If a positive radial voltage of 6.6 kV was applied, the resolut ions were improved to 1.48, 0.71 and 1.32, respectively.