phological changes in rat liver tissues. TLR4 and NF-κB expression in the liver tissues were measured by im-munohistochemistry . The results showed that compared with the normal group , the serum levels of transaminase ( ALT , AST ) and endotoxin of the model group were higher ( P < 0 . 01 ); and the degree of liver pathology injury was significantly increased; the TLR4 and NF-кB expression were increased (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the serum levels of transaminase (ALT, AST) and endotoxin of the experimental group were lower (P < 0.01), the degree of liver pathology injury was significantly lighter; the TLR4 and NF-кB expression were significantly lower (P < 0.01). It was concluded that the WYJDHY granules has a good role in the prevention and treatment of liver injury of rat model of hepatic failure IETM through the downregulation of liver expression of TLR4 and NF-кB in rat liver tissues , reducing serum levels of endotoxin , which may be one of the mecha-nisms on hepatic failure treatment .

Dysphagia is a common problem in cerebrovascular diseases such as intracerebral hemorrhage , cere-bral infarction and so on . When food or liquid passes through the larynx , it may cause intensively bucking . Nowadays there are no specific drugs , but the swallowing function will progress after acupuncture and rehabili-tation therapy . We searched and analyzed articles on acupuncture and rehabilitation therapy in the treatment of post-stroke dysphagia in recent three years . It showed that both of them were effective for the swallowing function of patients. The combination of both therapies receives better effects. However, there are still argu-ments in the clinical using opportunity of acupuncture and rehabilitation therapy for the treatment . There are so many methods in the treatment of this disease by acupuncture. Hence, there are no efficient contrasts or standard therapies. In the future, the clinical practice should pay more attention to the therapy of high quality and optimization in order to promote its clinical application .

This study was aimed to take an expert survey on the application of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in different clinical classifications of coronary heart disease (CHD) in order to master its medication characteristics and principles . Delphi method was applied in different clinical classifications of CHD , which contain angina pectoris, acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, arrhythmia, after percutaneous coronary inter-vention ( PCI ) and after coronary artery bypass graft ( CABG ) . Two rounds of nationwide expert survey were giv-en on the commonly-used TCM decoction , oral administration of TCM patent drugs and TCM intravenous preparations in CHD treatment . The results showed that TCM medications in the treatment of angina pectoris contain Xuefu Zhuyu decoction, Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction, Tongxinluo capsules, Compound Danshen dripping pills, Shexiang Baoxin pill, Danshen injection, Danhong injection, and etc. And commonly used TCM medications for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction include Xue fu Zhuyu decoction , Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction, Compound Danshen dripping pills, Shexiang Baoxin pill, Suxiao Jiuxin pills, Shengmai injec-tion , She nmai injection and so on . Heart failure of CHD was treated by Zhenwu decoction , Qili Qiangxin cap-sule, Qishen Yiqi dripping pills, Shenfu injection, Shengmai injection, Shenmai injection and so on. TCM treatments of arrhythmia of CHD usually include Zhigancao decoction , Tianwang Buxin boluses , Wenxin gran-ules, Shensong Yangxin capsule, Shengmai injection, Shenmai injection and so on. The commonly used TCM medications after PCI contain Xuefu Zhuyu decoction, Tongxinluo capsules, Compound Danshen dripping pills, Shengmai injection and Danshen injection and so on. Commonly used TCM medications after CABG include Xuefu Zhuyu decoction, Buyang Huanwu decoction, Tongxinluo capsules, Shexiang Baoxin pill, Compound Dan-shen dripping pills, Shengmai injection and Danhong injection and so on. It was concluded that different clini-cal classifications of CHD had characteristics and commonness in the application of TCM . Findings based on expert consensus through the survey provide certain reference values in the clinical syndrome differentiation of CHD .

The biobank for medical researchers is a resource of significant utility , which also causes a series of ethical issues. For example, the question of what kind of informed consent should be adopted for the biobanking tissue residue, whether related study can be conducted without the donors' consent and how to accomplish the biobank research. Based on ethical principles of donation, individual rights of donor and common interest of the society, this study suggested the informed consent that to which extent can be accepted for biobank and which type should be adopted in different scenes with two feasible choices. One is the irreversible, and the other is the reversible anonymization process for samples. The necessity and rationality of informed consent for biobank con-struction were also evaluated in order to provide references for the ethical practice of biobank research.

This study was aimed to analyze the volatile constituents from flower, stem tip and seed of Cucurbita moschata Duch.(Miben). The volatiles were analyzed by head-space solid micro-extraction, coupled with GC-MS and Kovats indices for the first time . The results showed that 22 compounds were identified from the flower , 20 from the stem tip and 21 from the seed of the C. moschata (Miben). The total essential constituents from each part were 91 . 89%, 89 . 24% and 96 . 26%, respectively . A total of 10 compounds in the flower and stem tip were mutual. And 3 compounds in the flower, stem tip and seed were mutual. It was concluded that the β-bourbonene (17.57%) and heneicosane (11.90%) were the highest components of the total essential constituents of the flower of C. moschata (Miben). Decanal (28.77%) was the highest components of the stem tip and hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester (29.12%), 2,3-butanediol (16.90%) and linoleic acid ethyl ester (16.52%) were the highest compo-nents of seed of C. moschata (Miben).

This study was aimed to determine trace elements in Peach pulp . The wet digestion method and car-bonize acid dissolution method were applied to digest the sample, and flame atomic absorption spectroscopy was used to determine the content of trace elements (Fe, Cu, Mn) in Peach pulp . The results showed that the content is not consistent among different pretreatment methods. However, the metalion content among these three methods are in the order of Fe > Mn > Cu, with the average recovery rate between 92.6% and 119.6%. The RSD is less than 2.86%. It was concluded that this method is with high accuracy and stability as well as reliable accurate re-sults. It also proved that Peach pulp . is rich in Fe, Cu and Mn. It provides some useful information for further pharmacological study of Peach pulp .

This study was aimed to analyze characteristics of Chinese Materia Medica ( CMM ) preparations in order to identify the long-term development direction of this discipline and suggest key questions and strategies to solve the problems. According to the development track of CMM preparation, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) basic theories and modern new drug research techniques were combined with the author's experiences on modernization study of TCM. This article discussed key issues of CMM preparation development direction, characteristics and is-sues need to be solved and their countermeasures. The results showed that the development direction for CMM preparation discipline should entirety unify CMM preparation system. The medical resource should be convenient which include animal, plant and mineral products. The single determinacy (effectiveness, stability and controlled) and compatibility (prediction, optimization and lowest toxin) will be applied in the guidance of CMM preparation system. In order to achieve goals mentioned above, key issues need to be solved are efficiency categories for in-gredients, genetical stabilities and one sampling charge, emigration rules of properties among ingredients, the ki-netic and stable rules of ingredient extraction, controlled rules for integral models or for disorder and torrent, e-valuation rules in vivo and in vitro, microscopic and macroscopic qualities, determinacy for single administration and compatibility for combination applications. It was concluded that the CMM preparation is a series of integral unified effective ingredient preparations that behave the determinacy for single administration and compatibility for combination applications.

Guangdong province assumes the task of pilot exploration and demonstration for building the preventive health service system of Chinese medicine. In the pilot process of preventive treatment of disease, a health pro-ject of Chinese medicine, sectoral agreements and policy studies are focusing issues. This paper explores the pre-ventive health service system building of Chinese medicine in G uangdong province , from following aspects such as access policy of service agencies, access policy of professional service staff, evaluation mechanism and verify sys-tem, the revision of existing medical subjects of medical institutions, health insurance policies and compensation policies, price policies, proactive technology policies and fiscal policies, incentive policies for the introduction of private capital .

This study was conducted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University for the project of Establishment and Assessment of Ethics Review Platform for TCM Clinical Research. The Ethics Review Platform for Clinical Research is a complete system, which is a Participant Protection System. It includes four as-pects, which are the medical and health institution, ethics committee, ethics committee office, research departments and researchers. In this system, the establishment of research departments and researchers platform is the most cru-cial part. All treatment, protection, risk control, adverse event supervision, which are closely related to the Partici-pant Protection System are completed by researchers. However, during the assessment process, a series of problems were found, such as the current weak ethical consciousness of researchers, less familiar with ethical review process and do not pay equal attention to the participant protection as clinical research. This kind of problem was also found in other hospital assessments in China, which has become a short board of the Participant Protection System.Therefore, from the aspect of the ethics committee, this article presented several ethics problems which should be paid more attention to by researchers such as participant protection, plan design and conduction during the clinical research and also gave some useful advices to change the situation, according to the Assessment Standard of Ethics Review Platform for TCM Clinical Research. In this way, researchers will develop their ethical consciousness and be more familiar with the ethics review process in order to complete key task of participant protection.

This study was aimed to analyze the environment and situation of patent strategy implementation of manufacturing industry of Chinese patent medicines in G uangdong province . This article pointed out that G uang-dong Chinese patent medicines manufacturing implementation patent strategy faced huge opportunities and chal-lenges. It was suggested that the fully understanding, mastering and using of beneficial conditions as well as con-trolling and eliminating the adverse factors will contribute to the better implementation of Chinese patent medicines manufacturing patent strategy in G uangdong province .