Objective To evaluate the role of PI3K-Akt-HIF-1α signaling pathway in dexmedetomidine-induced reduction of damage to the unventilated lung during one-lung ventilation (OLV) in rats.Methods Forty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 250-350 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10 each) using a random number table:two-lung ventilation TLV) group,OLV + normal saline group (group OLV),OLV + dexmedetomidine group (group D),and OLV + dexmedetomidine +LY294002 group (group DL).Bilateral lungs were ventilated for 2.5 h in group TLV,and the right lung was ventilated for 2 h followed by 0.5 h TLV in the other groups.The rats were sacrificed,the left lung was removed for determination of wet to dry lung weight ratio (W/D ratio),and expression of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) (by Western blot).Results Compared with group TLV,W/D ratio was significantly increased,the expression of p-Akt was down-regulated,and the expression of HIF-1α was up-regulated in the other three groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group OLV,W/D ratio was significantly decreased,and the expression of p-Akt and HIF-lα was up-regulated in D and DL groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group DL,W/D ratio was significantly decreased,and the expression of p-Akt and HIF-1α was up-regulated in group D (P＜0.05).Conclusion PI3K-Akt-HIF-1α signaling pathway is involved in dexmedetomidine-induced reduction of damage to the unventilated lung during OLV in rats.

Asia ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; epidemiology ; Prevalence

DICOM standard is a compulsory international standard for the establishment of Integrated Hospital Information System (IHIS) and Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS). This paper introduces such information of DICOM3.0 as its generation, components, operational mechanism and application. To understand DICOM standard exactly is helpful for the efficient operation of PACS.

The deposition of amyloid β-protein (Aβ is the key pathological basis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The current studies emphasis that the stability of internal environment between cells of the neurovascular unit is the key to maintain normal brain function. This article reviews the relationship between the Aβand the neurovascular unit injury, and we expect to provide some new ideas for the clinical prevention and treatment of CAA and AD.

There are many therapeutic drugs for rheumatoid arthritis(RA) treatment,but the pathogenesis of RA have not been fully understood,therefore no curable drug has been found.With increasing knowledge of the inflammatory process,especially in signaling,some drugs modifying disease progress and interfering signaling pathways have been studied.Cytokine inhibitors such as tumor necrosis factor-blocking agents and IL-1 receptor antagonist in clinical trials and in practice have resulted in dramatic improvement in RA disease control.Important molecular mechanisms of actions on total glucosides of paeony(TGP) and Glucosides of Chaenomeles speciosa(GCS) were showed to modulate G protein-AC-cAMP and Ras-MAPKs signaling pathways and to inhibit synoviacytes proliferation.This review focuses on agents which target various cytokines,other inflammatory mediators,antigen of cells,and signaling pathways.

Objective To explore whether microsatellite instability (MSI) is exsist in human gastric carcinoma and precancerous lesion.Methods The MSI was detected in gastric carcinoma and precancerous lesion by tissue laser capture microdissection and denaturing high performance liquid chromatogragh (DHPLC).Results MSI was found in 10.5 ％ intestinal metaplasia,21.12 ％ gastric hyperplasia and 43.75 ％gastric carcinoma respectively.In contrast,there was no microsatellite instability in normol gastric mucosa.It displayed accumulation and alteration from normal to cancerous tissues.Conclusion Pure tumor samples are obtained from tissue laser capture microdissection which could avoid the heteroplasmy of tissue.DHPLC is a high sensitive,fast and semiautomated method for identifying MSI.This experiment showed an increasing tendency of MSI incidence from precancerous lesion to gastric carcinoma.MSI could be used as a marker to predicate the occurrence of gastric carcinoma.

Improved medical postgraduate reexamination system is essential to the quality of students. In this study, organization of medical postgraduate reexamination was discussed from the perspectives of preliminary arrangements of medical postgraduate reexamination, fairness of reexami-nation process and improvement of the follow-up after the reexamination. Sufficient attention on the re-examination, effective supervision of the reexamination process and control of human factors were the three main factors for the successful medical postgraduate reexamination and effective guarantee for the improvement of postgraduate quality.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of long-range treatment for elderly patients with reflux esophagitis.Methods 124 reflux esophagitis patients were randomly divided into observation group (62 cases) and control group (62 cases) according to random number method.The observation group received long-range treatment (maintain treatment for 3 months after the end of the routine treatment),while the control group received conventional treatment,symptoms score and endoscopic healing of two groups were compared.Results Before treatment and 3 months after treatment,two groups of reflux symptom scores were not significantly different (t =1.325,1.241,all P ＞ 0.05),6 and 12 months after treatment,reflux symptoms score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (t =24.325,18.124,P ＜ 0.01),after total treatment,the good treatment effect rate of the observation group was 90.0%,which was higher than that of the contol group(55.7%)(x2 =17.902,P ＜0.01),healing of esophagitis excellent rate of the observation group was 86.7%,which was higher than that of the contol group (57.4%) (x2 =12.844,P ＜0.01).Conclusion Long-range treatment of symptomatic improvement has good effect in elderly the reflux esophagitis,the lesion healing to improve the quality,which is worthy of further promotion research.

OBJECTIVE:To review the current situation and the trend of development of oral hypoglycemic agents in our hospital.METHODS:The defined daily dose DDDs and the sales amount of oral hypoglycemic agents used in our hospital during2001～July,2004were analyzed statistically.RESULTS:The DDDs of sulfonylureas was decreasing,whereas it still accounted for more than70%of the total DDDs;the glipizide ranked the first in DDDs during these years;the DDDs of biguanides kept increasing year by year;the sales amount of?-glucosidase inhibitor and thiazolidine diketone drugs was in?creasing;all the‘Medical Insurance’drugs accounted for more than97%of the total DDDs.CONCLUSION:The oral hy?poglycemic agents used in our hospital is rational on the whole.

Objective:To evaluate the short-term and middle-term therapeutic effects and the safety of deep acupuncture at Tianshu(ST 25) for treatment of slow transit constipation(STC).Methods:60 cases of STC were randomly divided into an acupuncture group and a control group.Cleveland Constipation Score(CCS) and colic transit time(CTT) before treatment,2 weeks and 6 months after the treatment were investigated,and the safety was evaluated by clinical,laboratory and imaging indexes.Results:For the short-term therapeutic effect,the treatment group was better than the control group(P