PURPOSE: Excessive gingival display and short clinical crowns due to altered passive eruptions are major concerns for a considerable number of patients visiting dental clinics. Altered passive eruptions could be corrected through various types of periodontal surgery conformable to a classification. 3 cases are reported here on the esthetic correction of altered passive eruption to evaluate results of crown lengthening procedure. METHODS:Three patients whose major complaints were excessive gingival display and short teeth were picked out for this case study. Before treatment, clinical and radiological exam was performed to choose type of surgery. Thickness and width of keratinized gingiva was measured in all three patients then they were treated by surgical methods including flap operation and depigmentation under subsequent diagnosis. RESULTS: Uneventful healing and stable gingival margin were observed in all three patients except recurrence of gingival pigmentation of one patient. CONCLUSIONS: The treatment of altered passive eruption requires precise diagnostic procedure and could achieve better esthetic outcomes when it is accompanied by other orthodontic and orthognathic treatment.
Crown Lengthening ; Crowns ; Dental Clinics ; Gingiva ; Humans ; Keratins ; Pigmentation ; Recurrence ; Tooth

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the compliance to maintenance schedules recommended supportive periodontal therapy(SPT) and to determine differences in the characteristics of compliant and non-compliant patients. METHODS:414 patients commencing SPT after active periodontal treatment from 2003 to 2005 were included in this study. Based on their compliance with the suggested maintenance schedule, patients were classified as compliant and non-compliant groups. Also patients classified by gender, age, degree of alveolar bone loss and treatment rendered. The association between compliance and patient characteristics was assessed by odds ratio in logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Only 47% of the initial patient was found to be compliant at the end of August 2008 and 20.8% patients were lost in the first year of SPT. There were significant differences between compliant and non-compliant regard to age, degree of alveolar bone loss and treatment rendered. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, compliance with SPT generally poor and patients who were older, treated surgical therapy and with mild alveolar bone loss are more compliant to SPT.
Alveolar Bone Loss ; Appointments and Schedules ; Compliance ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Odds Ratio ; Patient Compliance ; Periodontal Diseases

PURPOSE: Root resection can be a valuable procedure when the tooth in question has a high strategic value. The prognosis of root resection has been well documented in previous studies, but the results focused on the palatal root resection have not been discussed in depth. I represent here the short term effectiveness of palatal root resection of maxillary first molars. METHODS: Palatal root resection was performed on maxillary first molars of three patients. All the palatal roots were floating state on the radiographic finding and showed full probing depth and purulent exudation at initial examination. Reduction of palatal cusp and occlusal table was performed concomitantly. Endodontic therapy was completed after root resection. RESULTS: Compromised maxillary first molars were treated successfully by palatal root resection in 3 cases. The mobility of resected tooth was decreased a little bit. The probing pocket depth of remaining buccal roots was not increased compared to initial depth. All the patients satisfied with comfort and cost effective results and the fact they could save their natural teeth. CONCLUSIONS: Within the above results, palatal root resection is an effective procedure treating compromised maxillary first molar showing advanced palatal bone loss to root apex with or without pulp involvement when proper case selection is performed.
Humans ; Isothiocyanates ; Maxilla ; Molar ; Palate ; Prognosis ; Tooth ; Tooth Root

PURPOSE: Following tooth extraction caused by severe periodontitis, alveolar ridge dimension lose their original volume. To reduce the alveolar ridge dimension, the ridge preservation technique has been introduced and tested in many clinical studies with membrane alone or membrane plus graft, achieving reduced ridge loss compared to extraction only. The aim of the present clinical study was to compare the post-extraction dimensional changes in the membrane exposure group to non-exposure group during healing period following ridge preservation technique. METHODS: Ridge preservation was performed in 44 extraction sites. After extraction, deproteinized bovine bone mineral coated with synthetic oligopeptide (Ossgen-X15(R)) or deproteinized bovine bone mineral (Bio-Oss(R)) was implanted into the socket. A collagen membrane (Bio-Gide(R)) was trimmed to cover the socket completely and applied to the entrance of the socket. Four clinical parameters were compared between baseline and 6 months. RESULTS: During healing period, membrane exposure was observed at 19 sites. At the re-entry, hard newly formed tissue were observed at the ridge preservation site. The grafted socket sites were well preserved in their volume dimension. In both groups, horizontal ridge width was reduced and vertical height was increased. There were not statistically significant differences in horizontal (-1.32 mm vs -1.00 mm) and vertical ridge change (2.24 mm vs 2.37 mm at buccal crest, 1.36 mm vs. 1.53 mm at lingual crest) between two groups. CONCLUSIONS: The ridge preservation approach after tooth extraction effectively prevented resorption of hard tissue ridge in spite of membrane exposure during healing period.
Alveolar Process ; Bone Substitutes ; Collagen ; Membranes ; Periodontitis ; Tooth Extraction ; Tooth Socket ; Transplants

PURPOSE: The purpose of this report is to show three cases treated by an intergrated periodontal and restorative dentistry approach. METHODS: Three patients with Miller Class I gingiva recessions associated with cervical lesions were enrolled for treatment. Two patients received a connective tissue graft and resin modified glass ionomer, and one patient was treated with a connective tissue graft, resin restoration. Keratinized gingiva and relative gingival recession were measured. RESULTS: The mean reduction of relative gingival recession was 3.7 mm, and the mean keratinized gingiva increase was 2.5 mm. The percentage of root coverage was 80% in average. No signs of gingival inflammation or bleeding on probing were seen. The patients were satisfied with the final esthetics and had no more dentin hypersensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: This report indicates that teeth with Miller Class I gingival recession associated with cervical lesions can be successfully treated by a connective tissue graft combined with restorative dentistry. However, longitudinal randomized controlled clinical trials must be performed to support this approach.
Acrylic Resins ; Connective Tissue ; Dentin Sensitivity ; Dentistry ; Esthetics ; Gingiva ; Gingival Recession ; Glass ; Glass Ionomer Cements ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Keratins ; Silicon Dioxide ; Tooth ; Tooth Abrasion ; Transplants

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the long term clinical and radiographic outcome and stability after transplantation of third molar with complete root formation. METHODS: The subjects were 31 teeth (male 17, female 14, aged 22-55, average 39.9 yr old) of 31 patients who visited the department of periodontics and passed more than two years after autotransplantation procedure and still under regular check up. Modified success criteria of Chamberlin and Goerig was applied to determine the success of autotransplantation. RESULTS: Three out of 31 teeth failed and resulted 90.3% of success rate. When compared according to sex, 15 out of 17 teeth had succeeded in male, 13 out of 14 succeeded in female. When compared the success rate according to cause of extraction, tooth loss due to caries and root fracture had all succeeded but 3 out of 24 had failed in tooth loss due to periodontal disease. When compared according to donor teeth, 12 out of 14 maxillary third molars and 16 out of 17 mandibular third molars had succeeded. CONCLUSIONS: In long term evaluation over two years, if appropriate surgical procedure and proper case selection is made, autotransplantation of the third molar with complete root formation can be the alternative choice that substitutes prosthetic or implant treatment and it is a functionally acceptable procedure.
Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Molar, Third ; Periodontal Diseases ; Periodontics ; Tissue Donors ; Tooth ; Tooth Extraction ; Tooth Loss ; Transplants

PURPOSE: The palatogingival groove is a developmental anomaly of the incisor teeth, which often presents severe localized periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of palatogingival groove-associated periodontal lesion following flap operation with glass ionomer filling. METHODS: Four patients with periodontal lesion associated with the palatogingival groove were chosen for this case study. Clinical indices were taken and radiographic exam was performed at the baseline of the study and four patients were treated by flap operation with GI filling. Post-surgical visits were scheduled at regular intervals to check clinical and radiographic changes. RESULTS: Symptoms and signs of periodontal lesion were almost completely resolved with improvement of periodontal indices CONCLUSIONS: Flap operation with direct glass ionomer restoration is thought to be an acceptable method which can produce favorable results in the treatment of periodontal lesion caused by palatogingival groove on the maxillary lateral incisor.
Acrylic Resins ; Glass ; Glass Ionomer Cements ; Humans ; Incisor ; Periodontal Diseases ; Periodontal Index ; Silicon Dioxide ; Tooth ; Tooth Abnormalities

PURPOSE: The presented study aims to evaluate the effects of osteoporosis on dental implants by analyzing a 12-year cumulative survival rate of implants placed in patients with osteoporosis. METHODS: 37 patients with history of osteoporosis were selected from a pool of dental implant patients treated at the Department of Periodontology in Yonsei University Hospital between 1993 and 2007. The cumulative survival rate is quantified using data collected from 164 placed implants in the selected 37 patients. RESULTS: 3 out of the 164 implants failed and the cumulative survival rate was observed at 95.1%. The survival rates of the implants according to patients' age were 97.41% (<60) and 100% (60< or =. The lower survival rate was directly proportional to younger age, and this relationship is statistically significant (P<0.05). The survival rates of implants according to diagnostic criteria were 95.45% (osteopenia) and 98.59% (osteoporosis; 2 out of 142 implants placed in osteoporosis patients failed). The difference in the two survival rates is statistically significant (P<0.05). The survival rates according to the region of implants do not have statistically significant difference. The survival rates according to the different length and diameter of the implants do not have statistically significant difference. The survival rates of implants accompanied and not accompanied by bone augmentation were 92.11% and 100%, respectively. The difference in the two survival rates is statistically significant (P<0.05). The survival rates of implants placed in patients with and without history of medication for osteoporosis treatment are 96.67% and 99.04%, respectively. The difference in the two survival rates is statistically significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: A high cumulative survival rate of dental implants, similar to one found in non-osteoporosis patients, is observed in osteoporosis patients, indicating the possibility that placing dental implants on patients with osteoporosis can be considered with high treatment predictability.
Dental Implants ; Humans ; Osteoporosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: This study was performed to evaluate the effect of powered toothbrush with a wireless remote display on the subjective and objective oral hygiene improvement. METHODS: One hundred and fifteen subjects in healthy or mild gingivitis status between the ages of 20 and 90 were recruited and reviewed for study inclusion criteria. At first visit, 115 pre-screened subjects filled in the questionnaire form which consisted of demographic factors, behavioral factors (smoking, alcohol consumption), toothbrushing habits (brushing time and frequency), self-reported oral health status, and self-satisfaction. Baseline clinical indices (Plaque index, Gingival index) were also recorded by a periodontist. Subjects were instructed how to use powered toothbrush with a wireless remote display, and were provided with it. Thirty days after first visit, 90 subjects returned for the second assessment by self-reported questionnaire form and professional clinical checkup. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t-test for the difference between baseline and second visit data. The relationship among variables was examined with chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: Significant differences were not found on self-reported satisfaction related with sex, smoking, alcohol consumption (P<0.05). Self-reported tooth brushing habit was improved in the aspect of brushing time and frequency. Significant differences were found on the self-reported oral health status, self-satisfaction, and clinical indices between the baseline and second visit data (P<0.01). Clinical indices were significantly reduced after using powered toothbrush with a wireless remote display (P<0.01). No adverse reactions were reported during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: Powered toothbrush with a wireless remote display successfully promoted oral hygiene from the subjective and objective viewpoint after 30 days of home usage.
Alcohol Drinking ; Demography ; Gingivitis ; Oral Health ; Oral Hygiene ; Periodontal Index ; Personal Satisfaction ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Tooth ; Toothbrushing

PURPOSE: This article is purposed to present the correct statistic method by pointing out the statistical errors after analyzing the method of articles that were published in Korean Academy Journal of Periodontology and made statistic processes in them. METHODS: 488 science papers which being put in Korean Academy Journal of Periodontology published from 2000 to 2006 was divided according to year. RESULTS: In the 308 articles that applied statistic methods, 59 articles (50.0%), the largest portion of all, were included the case that applied incorrect parametric statistic method when needed to apply parametric statistics and 38 articles (32.2%) were included in the case that applied incorrect parametric statistic method when needed to apply non-parametric statistics. CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to present the cases of inappropriate statistical methods in order to improve the quality of academic researches. Also, to apply adequate methods of statistics, it is suggested to report the articles periodically which are comparing and analyzing the statistical methods that are applied in the international articles in periodontal field.