1.Primary Intradural Extramedullary Ewing Sarcoma of the Thoracic Spine With Leptomeningeal and Brain Metastases:A Case Report and Literature Review
Achmad Harun MUCHSIN ; Woochan PARK ; Yu Jung KIM ; Koung Jin SUH ; Jeong Min SEO ; Kyu Sang LEE ; Keun-Yong EOM ; Seung-Jae HYUN
Brain Tumor Research and Treatment 2026;14(2):102-108
A 43-year-old woman presented with bilateral lower extremity weakness due to an intradural extramedullary spinal cord tumor. Surgery revealed Ewing sarcoma, a rare presentation known as primary intradural extramedullary Ewing sarcoma (PIEES). Despite initial treatment with radiation and chemotherapy, tumor recurrence occurred after 17 months. Further interventions included additional surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. The disease progressed to leptomeningeal metastases along the spinal cord, prompting various treatments including targeted spinal radiation and systemic therapies. Brain metastases subsequently developed, necessitating whole-brain radiation and intrathecal chemotherapy. This case highlights the aggressive nature of PIEES, its potential for widespread leptomeningeal metastasis, and the challenges in its management, underscoring the need for multidisciplinary approaches in treating this rare and aggressive malignancy.
2.Clinical Outcomes and Use of Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator in Ischemic Heart Failure Patients with Reduced Ejection Fraction:A Retrospective Observational Study
Kyung Hoon CHO ; Ki Hong LEE ; Yong-Kyu LEE ; Seok OH ; Yongwhan LIM ; Joon Ho AHN ; Seung Hun LEE ; Dae Young HYUN ; Min Chul KIM ; Doo Sun SIM ; Young Joon HONG ; Ju Han KIM ; Youngkeun AHN ; Jang Hoon LEE ; Joo-Yong HAHN ; Yu-Ri KIM ; Nam Sik YOON ; Hyung Wook PARK ; Weon KIM ; Myung Ho JEONG ;
Chonnam Medical Journal 2026;62(2):55-63
Limited data exist regarding the real-world practices and clinical outcomes in patients with ischemic heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions (LVEFs).Using nationwide registry data from South Korea, we aimed to investigate long-term outcomes and clinical practices, especially implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) implantation, in patients with reduced LVEFs at least 40 days after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Of 13,056 patients with AMI between 2011 and 2015, we analyzed 350 (median age, 66 years [interquartile range, 56-75]) who had LVEFs <40% on follow-up transthoracic echocardiogram 40 days after the index event. The primary outcome was cardiac-cause mortality at 3 years. Secondary outcomes comprised major cardiovascular events as well as outcomes defined by the use of ICDs, cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillators (CRT-Ds), and electrophysiology studies. Among 350 patients, 39 (11.1%) died from cardiac causes during 3 years of follow-up. Eleven (3.1%) were hospitalized for ventricular tachycardia. The rate of ICD or CRT-D implantation up to 3 years was 5.7% (20/350). Cox time-to-event analysis revealed older age, LVEF <30%, diabetes mellitus, and previous MI or revascularization as positively associated with cardiac death, whereas the use of statins and body weight <67 kg were negatively associated. This nationwide Korean registry demonstrated that only 5.7% of patients who had reduced LVEFs after 40 days of AMI underwent ICD implantations over 3 years. Considering the high mortality, concerted efforts are needed to improve clinical outcomes for patients who may have been candidates for ICD implantation.
3.Process of developing basic veterinary clinical performance guidelines based on common clinical manifestations in Korea
Kichang LEE ; Heungshik S. LEE ; Yong Jun KIM ; Incheol PARK ; Kangmoon SEO ; Seong Mok JEONG ; Kyu-Woan CHO ; Jin Young CHUNG ; Dongbin LEE ; Chun-Sik BAE ; Sung-Lim LEE ; Ki-Jeong NA ; Sooyoung CHOI ; Inseong JEONG ; Pan Dong RYU ; Sang-Soep NAHM
Journal of Veterinary Science 2026;27(2):e24-
Objective:
To explain process of developing basic veterinary clinical performance guidelines, based on frequently observable clinical manifestations, thereby supporting competencybased veterinary education in Korea.
Methods:
A structured review of learning outcomes established by Korean Association of Veterinary Medical Colleges (KAVMC) was conducted by a planning committee including veterinary educators, practitioners, and advisory members. Owner-oriented descriptions were used to frame each performance task, and each was mapped to corresponding learning outcomes. These tasks were aligned with learning outcomes recommended by the KAVMC to support the development of communication, clinical reasoning, and performance-related competencies among veterinary students, thereby enhancing day-one clinical readiness.
Results:
In total, 63 clinical manifestations for a guidebook format that can be used for clinical education were identified and categorized by organ systems that are described in language understandable to animal owners.
Conclusions
and Relevance: The basic veterinary clinical performance guidelines based on common clinical manifestations would serve as a vital component in veterinary education to reinforce core graduation competencies.
4.A 3D Printed Poly(e-caprolactone)-Collagen Hybrid Mesh (TissueDerm) for Breast Reconstruction after Mastectomy in a Pig Model
Kyu-Sik SHIM ; Han-Saem JO ; Shin Hyun KIM ; Dohyun KIM ; Yong-Kyu PARK ; Da-Hye RYU ; Won-Jai LEE ; Tai-Suk ROH ; Wooyeol BAEK
Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine 2026;23(1):107-123
BACKGROUND:
Implant supporting materials are currently used in breast reconstruction. However, when used in humans, they are associated with several problems. To address these issues, a new mesh called TissueDerm was created by combining a collagen sponge with a 3D printed polycaprolactone (PCL) mesh. It has shown promising results in pig experiments and could potentially replace the most commonly used acellular dermal matrix (ADM) for breast reconstruction.
METHODS:
Four 12-month-old minipigs were used in this experiment. Silicone implants were wrapped with ADM or TissueDerm, and the breast tissue was excised and implanted along with the wrapped implants. Three months later, the minipigs were sacrificed and the skin and mammary gland tissue surrounding the implants were harvested for further analysis. Histological analyses and immunostaining were performed.
RESULTS:
Although there was no significant difference in capsule thickness between the ADM and TissueDerm groups, collagen was more involved in TissueDerm, leading to better tissue regeneration. TissueDerm also induced lower levels of inflammatory markers TNF-a and IL-6 compared to ADM. However, capsules induced with ADM had significantly higher collagen fiber alignment and alpha-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA) positive immunoreactivity, suggesting that TissueDerm may be less likely to cause spherical contractures in the porcine model compared to ADM.
CONCLUSIONS
The study found that TissueDerm has advantages over ADM in terms of easier tissue invasion and reduced spheroidization in a porcine model. The results showed that TissueDerm is a promising new mesh for implantbased breast reconstruction (IBBR) and could potentially replace ADM.
5.Heart Failure Statistics 2025 Update:A Report From the Korean Society of Heart Failure
Chan Joo LEE ; Hokyou LEE ; Kyu-Yong KO ; Min Gyu KONG ; Min Sun KIM ; SungA BAE ; Yuran AHN ; Kyeong-Hyeon CHUN ; Kang-Un CHOI ; Jah Yeon CHOI ; Jungkuk LEE ; Geun U PARK ; Byung Su YOO
International Journal of Heart Failure 2026;8(1):58-73
Background and Objectives:
We evaluated 20-year trends in heart failure (HF) epidemiology in Korea to quantify changes in its burden from 2002 to 2023.
Methods:
A nationwide analysis was conducted using a random 50% sample from the Korean National Health Information Database linked to mortality records (2002–2023). HF was defined using diagnostic codes recorded as a primary or secondary condition. We calculated crude and age-standardized rates of prevalence, incidence, hospitalization, and mortality. Survival was assessed using the Kaplan–Meier method, stratified by inpatient versus outpatient diagnosis.Trends in heart transplantation and left ventricular assist device implantations were also examined.
Results:
By 2023, approximately 1,750,228 individuals had HF (3.41% prevalence). The age-standardized prevalence has more than doubled from 2002 to 2023. The crude incidence increased over time; the age-standardized incidence remained stable in men and declined in women.Hospitalization rates for any cause or secondary HF diagnoses have increased substantially, whereas primary HF hospitalization rates have remained relatively stable. The annual mortality rate in patients with HF was approximately 6.0% in 2023, being markedly higher in older adults.Although short-term survival has improved, particularly in hospitalized patients, long-term survival remains limited. Use of advanced therapies significantly increased.
Conclusions
The burden of HF in Korea has increased substantially over the past two decades, driven primarily by population aging and improved survival rather than increasing age-adjusted incidence. Despite therapeutic advances, hospitalization and long-term mortality rates remain high, highlighting the need for comprehensive HF strategies in aging societies.
6.Comparative survival outcomes of surgical resection versus radiotherapy after FOLFIRINOX in borderline resectable and locally advanced pancreatic cancer
Jiwon YU ; Jeong Ha LEE ; Hyunju SHIN ; Hee Chul PARK ; Joon Oh PARK ; Jung Yong HONG ; Minsuk KWON ; Ji Eun SHIN ; Kyu Taek LEE ; Kwang Hyuck LEE ; Jong Kyun LEE ; Joo Kyung PARK ; Young Hoon CHOI ; Jin Seok HEO ; In Woong HAN ; Sang Hyun SHIN ; Hongbeom KIM ; Ji Hye MIN ; Jeong Il YU
Precision and Future Medicine 2026;10(1):39-50
Purpose:
This study evaluated the clinical outcomes and prognostic factors in patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC) and locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) treated with upfront FOLFIRINOX followed by local-regional therapy (LRT), surgical resection (SR), and radiotherapy (RT). We aimed to identify specific patient subgroups for which RT may serve as a reasonable alternative to SR for local tumor control.
Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed 116 patients (SR group, n= 70; RT group, n= 46) at a single center between 2015 and 2020. Survival outcomes were compared based on LRT modalities, focusing on identifying subgroups in which RT provided an efficacy comparable to that of SR.
Results:
Among 116 patients, the SR group achieved a significantly higher 5-year overall survival (OS) than the RT group (27.1% vs. 8.7%, P< 0.0001), despite similar progression-free survival (P= 0.23). Significant prognostic factors for OS included carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) response in BRPC (P= 0.02) and radiologic partial response in LAPC (P= 0.05). Subgroup analysis revealed that, while SR provided a survival advantage in CA19-9 responders, no significant difference in OS was observed between SR and RT in CA19-9 non-responders (P= 0.37).
Conclusion
Although surgery remains the gold standard, RT may be considered a justifiable local alternative for CA19-9 non-responders and surgically ineligible patients with LAPC, yielding comparable outcomes in these specific, biologically unfavorable subgroups.
7.Comparative analysis of postoperative outcomes of single-incision cholecystectomy: Propensity score matching of robotic surgery using the da Vinci SP system and da Vinci Xi system vs. laparoscopic surgery
Jeong-Ik PARK ; Yong-Kyu CHUNG ; Young Min LEE ; Chang Woo NAM ; Yang Won NAH
Annals of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery 2025;29(2):140-149
Background:
s/Aims: We compared the postoperative outcomes of single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) with those of single-incision robotic cholecystectomy (SIRC) using the da Vinci Xi and SP systems.
Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed data from 206 patients who underwent these procedures by a single surgeon between August 2020 and April 2022. Propensity score matching was used to adjust for confounders and evaluate outcomes.
Results:
SILC exhibited shorter operation times compared to SIRC with Xi and SP (44.9 ± 14.5 min vs. 55.3 ± 12.2 min vs. 55.2 ± 16.2 min, p < 0.001). SIRC with Xi had shorter docking times (6.2 ± 2.8 min vs. 10.3 ± 2.3 min, p < 0.001), while SIRC with SP demonstrated reduced console times (11.2 ± 2.4 min vs. 18.6 ± 8.0 min, p < 0.001). Pain scores and complications did not significantly differ between the groups.
Conclusions
Both SILC and SIRC showed comparable outcomes, with the SP system providing advantages such as reduced console time and fully articulated arms, likely reducing surgeon stress.
8.Radiation-Induced Cavernous Malformation in the Cerebellum:Clinical Features of Two Cases
Hyoung Soo CHOI ; Chae-Yong KIM ; Byung Se CHOI ; Seung Hyuck JEON ; In Ah KIM ; Joo-Young KIM ; Kyu Sang LEE ; Gheeyoung CHOE
Brain Tumor Research and Treatment 2025;13(2):58-64
Radiation-induced cavernous malformations (RICMs) are rare but significant late complications of highdose radiation therapy, particularly in young survivors of brain tumors. This report presents two cases of RICMs following aggressive multimodal treatment, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Case 1 was a 22-year-old male patient with medulloblastoma treated with craniospinal irradiation, tumor bed boost, and tandem autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Approximately 8 years after treatment completion, routine follow-up imaging revealed a small focal hemorrhage in the right cerebellum, consistent with an RICM. The lesion was asymptomatic and managed conservatively with regular imaging, showing spontaneous resolution over time, with a significant size reduction noted 9 years post-treatment. Case 2 describes a 32-year-old male with an intracranial germinoma treated with whole-ventricular irradiation. Three years after treatment, the patient developed a symptomatic hemorrhagic RICM near a pre-existing developmental venous anomaly. Surgical resection and Gamma Knife Surgery stabilized the lesion; however, residual symptoms, including tremors and gait disturbances, persisted, affecting the patient’s daily activities. These cases illustrate the diverse clinical courses of RICMs, ranging from spontaneous resolution to the necessity of surgical intervention, and emphasize the importance of long-term surveillance and tailored management strategies for late-onset complications.
9.Long-term Clinical Efficacy of Radiotherapy for Patients with Stage I-II Gastric Extranodal Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue: A Retrospective Multi-institutional Study
Jae Uk JEONG ; Hyo Chun LEE ; Jin Ho SONG ; Keun Yong EOM ; Jin Hee KIM ; Yoo Kang KWAK ; Woo Chul KIM ; Sun Young LEE ; Jin Hwa CHOI ; Kang Kyu LEE ; Jong Hoon LEE
Cancer Research and Treatment 2025;57(2):570-579
Purpose:
This study aimed to evaluate long-term treatment outcomes in patients with localized gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma treated with radiotherapy (RT).
Materials and Methods:
A total of 229 patients who received RT in 10 tertiary hospitals between 2010 and 2019 were included in this multicenter analysis. Response after RT was based on esophagogastroduodenoscopy after RT. Locoregional relapse-free survival (LRFS) and disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were evaluated.
Results:
After a median follow-up time of 93.2 months, 5-year LRFS, DFS, and OS rates were 92.8%, 90.4%, and 96.1%, respectively. LRFS, DFS, and OS rates at 10 years were 90.3%, 87.7%, and 92.8%, respectively. Of 229 patients, 228 patients (99.6%) achieved complete remission after RT. Five-year LRFS was significantly lower in patients with stage IIE than in those with stage IE (77.4% vs. 94.2%, p=0.047). Patients with age ≥ 60 had significantly lower LRFS than patients with age < 60 (89.3% vs. 95.1%, p=0.003). In the multivariate analysis, old age (≥ 60 years) was a poor prognostic factor for LRFS (hazard ratio, 3.72; confidence interval, 1.38 to 10.03; p=0.009). Grade 2 or higher gastritis was reported in 69 patients (30.1%). Secondary malignancies including gastric adenocarcinoma, malignant lymphoma, lung cancer, breast cancer, and prostate cancer were observed in 11 patients (4.8%) after RT.
Conclusion
Patients treated with RT for localized gastric MALT lymphoma showed favorable 10-year outcomes. Radiation therapy is an effective treatment without an increased risk of secondary cancer. The toxicity for RT to the stomach is not high.
10.Radiation-Induced Cavernous Malformation in the Cerebellum:Clinical Features of Two Cases
Hyoung Soo CHOI ; Chae-Yong KIM ; Byung Se CHOI ; Seung Hyuck JEON ; In Ah KIM ; Joo-Young KIM ; Kyu Sang LEE ; Gheeyoung CHOE
Brain Tumor Research and Treatment 2025;13(2):58-64
Radiation-induced cavernous malformations (RICMs) are rare but significant late complications of highdose radiation therapy, particularly in young survivors of brain tumors. This report presents two cases of RICMs following aggressive multimodal treatment, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Case 1 was a 22-year-old male patient with medulloblastoma treated with craniospinal irradiation, tumor bed boost, and tandem autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Approximately 8 years after treatment completion, routine follow-up imaging revealed a small focal hemorrhage in the right cerebellum, consistent with an RICM. The lesion was asymptomatic and managed conservatively with regular imaging, showing spontaneous resolution over time, with a significant size reduction noted 9 years post-treatment. Case 2 describes a 32-year-old male with an intracranial germinoma treated with whole-ventricular irradiation. Three years after treatment, the patient developed a symptomatic hemorrhagic RICM near a pre-existing developmental venous anomaly. Surgical resection and Gamma Knife Surgery stabilized the lesion; however, residual symptoms, including tremors and gait disturbances, persisted, affecting the patient’s daily activities. These cases illustrate the diverse clinical courses of RICMs, ranging from spontaneous resolution to the necessity of surgical intervention, and emphasize the importance of long-term surveillance and tailored management strategies for late-onset complications.

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