No abstract available.
Chorion* ; Chorionic Villi Sampling* ; Chorionic Villi* ; Female ; In Situ Hybridization* ; Pregnancy

The objective is to evaluate the rate and indications of cesarean delivery. All live birth>27weeks at the Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University from 1993 to 1997(n=24,227) were respectively analyzed of delivery route, indication of cesarean birth, gestational age, and matemal age. The most common maternal age was between 26-30 years(49.6%). The most common gestational age was over 36 weeks(91.2%). Total cesarean rate was 22.3%(5,396/24,227), and primary rate was 13.6%(3,296/24,227). The annual primary cesarean birth rate and number increased gradually. Abnormal presentation was the most common indication(24.3%, 801/3,296) at primary cesarean deliveries. The second common indication was CPD(18.87%, 622/3,296). We experienced four cases of cesarean hysterectomy due to uterine atony and placenta previa. Further evaluation will be needed about the relationship between cesarean deliveries and long term fetal outcome, and the effort for VBAC will be needed.
Birth Rate ; Gestational Age ; Hysterectomy ; Maternal Age ; Parturition ; Placenta Previa ; Uterine Inertia

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present study was to evaluate incidence, parirty, gestational age, cause, termination method, and maternal complication of fetal death in utero(IUFD) clinically. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was made of the birth register and hospital records of 384 cases of the fetal death in utero among 23,703 deliveries at Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University during 5 years from January 1993 to December, 1997. RESULTS: The incidence of the fetal death in utero was 1.62%. The parity of mother in the fetal death in utero was the most highest in the nulliparous group(26.0%). The most common gestational week when the fetal death in utero was detected was 25-28 weeks gestational period(29.4%). The sex ratio of male vs female fetus was 1.32:1, and the cases of the fetal death in utero weighting less than 2500 gm were 332 cases(86.3%). The mode of the delivery for the fetal death in utero showed that the induction of labor was most common 71.6%, the spontaneous delivery 27.8%, and the laparotomy was 0.2%. The causes of the fetal death in utero showed unexplained causes(34.l%), congenital anomaly(I6.9%), maternal disease(14.3%), pregnancy-induced hypertension(9.6%), abruptio placenta(8.8%), cord complication(5%), and placenta previa(4%). There were 38 cases(9.8%) of maternal complication. CONCLUSION: The cause in about one third of the IUFD could not be determined by this clinical studies, so further studies with autopsy and chromosomal study must be made on stillborn infants, placenta, cord and fetal membranes in cases where the causes is unknown for the purpose of good outcome in next pregnancy.
Autopsy ; Extraembryonic Membranes ; Female ; Fetal Death* ; Fetus ; Gestational Age ; Hospital Records ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Laparotomy ; Male ; Mothers ; Parity ; Parturition ; Placenta ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Ratio

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

Congestive heart failure denotes the disturbance of the ability of the heart to maintain an adequate blood flow to the tissues and organs. It was confirmed that the cardiac output was reduced in severe congestive heart failure but if the clinical symptoms were improved after the treatment, the cardiac output was increased. The extrarenal disturbances such as congestive heart failure probably influence the kidney by causing a reduction in renal blood flow sufficient to reduce renal function but they do not produce anatomic injury and so. Consequently the renal decompression has been termed reversible uremia or functional renal failure. A reduction in glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow is the basis for the rise in serum creatinine in prerenal failure. I would like to publish this paper because there were a few reports about the serum urea nitrogen and creatinine in chronic congestive heart failure. Serum NPN, BUN and creatinine values in 150 patients with chronic congestive heart failure, who were admitted in Busan university Hospital between 1965 and 1975, were measured on the admission and after the treatment for the congestive heart failure. The range of the serum NPN was 15~121mg% in 119 cases with congestive heart failure and 44 of them (36.97%) had the serum NPN above 30mg%. The range of serum BUN 7.5~103mg% in 129 cases and the serum BUN was above 20mg% in 49 of them (37.98%). The range of the creatinine was 0.15~20mg% in 146 cases and the serum creatinine was above 1.25mg% in 47 of them (32.19%). After the treatment for the congestive heart failure, the serum NPN, BUN and creatinine returned to the normal value. None had the increased serum NPN, BUN and creatinine among the left heart failure, but the serum NPN, BUN and creatinine were increased only among the left and right heart failure.
Busan ; Cardiac Output ; Creatinine* ; Decompression ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)* ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Heart ; Heart Failure* ; Humans ; Kidney ; Nitrogen ; Reference Values ; Renal Circulation ; Renal Insufficiency ; Urea ; Uremia

Recently several adrenergic beta receptor blocking agents such as dichloroisoprenaline, pronethalol, INPEA, H13/57, propranolol, sotalol, tolamolol, practolol and butoxamine were reported. It has been postulated for some time that there are two subgroups of beta receptors: cardiac receptors (beta 1-eceptor) and peripheral receptors (beta 2-receptor) responsible for vasodilatation and broncholdilatation. More recently, the cardioselective beta blockers have been developed; for example, practolol, and talamolol. Rabbits were anesthetized by the peritoneal injection of urethane 1 gm/kg and observed for 30 minutes. Arrhythmias were produced with lanatocide-C and norepinephrine through the ear vein of the anesthetized rabbits. Arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contraction and ventricular tachycardia were present within 7 minutes to 20 minutes after the injection of lanatocide-C 0.9mg, and within 15 seconds to 2 minutes after the injection of norepinephrine 150ug. Propranolol or practolol were injected before and after the production of the arrhythmias and so Lead II of the electrocardiogram was obtained from nedle electrodes inserted into the skin. Practolol was compared with propranolol on the changes of the heart rates and the arrhytmias produced by the injection of norepinephrine and lanatocide-C. The intravenous injection of propranolol and practolol reduced the heart rate but practolol reduced much lesser than propranolol. All of arrhythmias produced by lanatocide-C in anesthetzedrabbits were not abolished by practolol, but it blocked and prevented the development of arrhythmias in anesthetized rabbits on the administration of norepinephrine.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac* ; Butoxamine ; Ear ; Electrocardiography ; Electrodes ; Heart Rate ; Injections, Intravenous ; Norepinephrine ; Practolol* ; Propranolol ; Rabbits ; Skin ; Sotalol ; Tachycardia, Ventricular ; Urethane ; Vasodilation ; Veins ; Ventricular Premature Complexes

No abstract available.
Follow-Up Studies* ; Hepatitis*

The effects of Prazosin administered alone or in combination were studied in 30 hypertensive patients at the Busan national University Hospital, Korea, between August 1974 and march 1975. The Patients were studied for up to 6 months; their ages ranged from 17 years to 68 years with mean age 51.4 years; 15 patients were male and 15 female. Satisfactory control of blood pressure was achieved in all patients. The group controlled by prazosin alone had the lowest mean original blood pressures, the group requiring prazosin plus polythiazide occupied an intermediate position, and the group requiring prazosin plus polythiazide plus beta blockade had the highest mean original blood pressures. 6 patients responded satisfactorily to prazosin, alone. In this group the supine systolic blood pressures before and after treatment were 185+/-16 and 150+/-12mmHg respectively; the supine diastolic pressures 106+/-5 and 90+/-3mmHg respectively. The standing systolic blood pressures before and after treatment were 173+/-13 and 134+/-4mmHg respectively; the standing diastolic pressures 102+/-5mmHg and 81+/-6mmHg respectively. 17 patients responded satisfactorily to the combination of prazosin and polythiazide. In this group the supine systolic blood pressures before and after treatment were 197+/-26 and 148+/-16mmHg respectively; the supine diastolic pressures before and after treatment were 121+/-13 and 92+/-6mmHg respectively. The standing systolic blood pressures before and after treament were 188+/-27 and 148+/-16mmHg respectively; the standing diastolic pressures before and after treatment were 110+/-14 and 85+/-5mmHg respectively. The remaining 7 patients responded satisfactorily to the combination of prazosin, polythiazide and a beta blocking agent (tolamolol). In this group the supine systolic blood pressures before and after treatment were 230+/-25 and 181+/-6mmHg respectively; the supine diastolic pressures before and after treatment were 138+/-15 and 93+/-6mmHg respectively. The standing systolic blood pressures before and after treatment were 224+/-24 and 151+/-9mmHg respectively; the standing diastolic pressures before and after treatment were 136+/-12 and 75+/-4mmHg respectively. 5 patients complained of headache, palpitations and general malaise; oedema was observed in 5 patients; 5 patients complained of drowsiness and 5 patients, fatiguability. In each case the side effects were of short duration not lasting beyond 3 days.
Blood Pressure ; Busan ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Korea* ; Male ; Polythiazide ; Prazosin* ; Sleep Stages

The effects of Prazosin administered alone or in combination were studied in 30 hypertensive patients at the Busan national University Hospital, Korea, between August 1974 and march 1975. The Patients were studied for up to 6 months; their ages ranged from 17 years to 68 years with mean age 51.4 years; 15 patients were male and 15 female. Satisfactory control of blood pressure was achieved in all patients. The group controlled by prazosin alone had the lowest mean original blood pressures, the group requiring prazosin plus polythiazide occupied an intermediate position, and the group requiring prazosin plus polythiazide plus beta blockade had the highest mean original blood pressures. 6 patients responded satisfactorily to prazosin, alone. In this group the supine systolic blood pressures before and after treatment were 185+/-16 and 150+/-12mmHg respectively; the supine diastolic pressures 106+/-5 and 90+/-3mmHg respectively. The standing systolic blood pressures before and after treatment were 173+/-13 and 134+/-4mmHg respectively; the standing diastolic pressures 102+/-5mmHg and 81+/-6mmHg respectively. 17 patients responded satisfactorily to the combination of prazosin and polythiazide. In this group the supine systolic blood pressures before and after treatment were 197+/-26 and 148+/-16mmHg respectively; the supine diastolic pressures before and after treatment were 121+/-13 and 92+/-6mmHg respectively. The standing systolic blood pressures before and after treament were 188+/-27 and 148+/-16mmHg respectively; the standing diastolic pressures before and after treatment were 110+/-14 and 85+/-5mmHg respectively. The remaining 7 patients responded satisfactorily to the combination of prazosin, polythiazide and a beta blocking agent (tolamolol). In this group the supine systolic blood pressures before and after treatment were 230+/-25 and 181+/-6mmHg respectively; the supine diastolic pressures before and after treatment were 138+/-15 and 93+/-6mmHg respectively. The standing systolic blood pressures before and after treatment were 224+/-24 and 151+/-9mmHg respectively; the standing diastolic pressures before and after treatment were 136+/-12 and 75+/-4mmHg respectively. 5 patients complained of headache, palpitations and general malaise; oedema was observed in 5 patients; 5 patients complained of drowsiness and 5 patients, fatiguability. In each case the side effects were of short duration not lasting beyond 3 days.
Blood Pressure ; Busan ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Korea* ; Male ; Polythiazide ; Prazosin* ; Sleep Stages