In order to provide some more scientific and practical advice and tactics for acupuncture in prevention of migraine in clinic, a computer-based information search was conducted in MEDLINE database, and the current reports of clinical trials were summarized and a comparison of Western and Chinese research designs was made. The significant role of acupuncture for prevention of migraine has not been applied in wide range in China until the present day. However, it has been paid great attention in Western countries. This situation might be related to the differences of efficacy assessment of acupuncture between China and Western countries; meanwhile, in the past traditional acupuncturists put much stress on the therapeutic approaches for acute attacks of headache but less on prevention. It is necessary for Chinese doctors to learn from research method in the West and emphasize more on acupuncture for preventing migraine and conduct high-level clinical trials as well. The author recommends that Chinese doctors should select acupuncture points mainly according to meridian syndrome differentiation and apply long term intermittent interventions.

This study is to evaluate the HAART pharmacodynamics with dolutegravir as the "anchor" in vitro. A nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) resistant recombinant virus model (VSVG/HIV-1(RT-D67N,K70R,T215F)) and an integrase inhibitors (INIs) resistant recombinant virus model (VSVG/HIV-1(IN-G140S,QI48H)) were constructed and established. The anti-viral pharmacodynamics was evaluated with drug combinations including two NRTIs along with one INI or one NNRTI. The results showed that the combination with an INI gave a stronger synergism on wild type HIV-1 replication comparing to that with an NNRTI. Comparing the two INIs as the "anchor" for HAART, DTG exhibited an equivalent CI to that of RAL on wild type HIV-1 replication; but a greater synergy than RAL on INI-resistant HIV-1 replication. Besides of the pharmacodynamics results of DTG-based drug combination, the results may contribute to clinical antiviral therapy.
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ; Cells, Cultured ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; HIV Integrase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; HIV-1 ; drug effects ; physiology ; Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Virus Replication ; drug effects

Objective To construct clinical thinking competence index system for undergraduate nursing students.Methods The study established the Clinical Thinking Competence Evaluation Index System through Delphi method.Results The evaluation index system included 5 level-1 dimensions and 28 level-2 Index connotations.Conclusions Through quantitative research methods,Clinical Thinking Competence evaluation index system is established for undergraduate nursing students,which provides an objective standard for cultivation and evaluation of undergraduate nursing students.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of green light photoselective vaporization(PVP)combined testicular resection plus anti-androgen treatment on advanced prostate cancer and bladder outlet obstruction.Methods Twenty cases with PVP of advanced prostate cancer and bladder outlet obstruction were selected as our subjects,who underwent PVP testicular resection plus anti-androgen treatment.The clinical information was recorded.Results All patients were succeed through surgery.Maximum urinary flow rate (MFR) at the pre-operation was (2.0 ± 1.0) ml/s,and increased to (14.0 ± 4.5) ml/s after operation.Serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) was decreased from the preoperative (176.5 ± 160.5) μg/L to (2.0 ± 1.0)μg/L International prostate symptom score (IPSS) was from (25.0 ± 5.0) down to (8.0 ± 1.0) points.The quality of life (QOL) score was (4.0 ± 2.0) at pre-operation,higher than after operation (1.0 ± 1.0)points.There were significant differences between preoperative and postoperative (t =9.502,7.371,5.328,8.350,P ＜0.05).Every patient was followed up from 3 to 18 months.The improvements regarding of clinical symptoms were seen including voiding,and all patients survived with tumor.Conclusion Advanced prostate cancer associate with bladder outlet obstruction.The therapy plan of PVP joint testicular resection plus antiandrogen is proved to improve symptoms of urethral obstruction and patient quality of life.

Animals ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Schistosomiasis ; epidemiology ; prevention & control

Adult ; Coke ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pyrenes ; analysis ; Urinalysis ; Urine ; chemistry ; Young Adult

Animals ; Environmental Monitoring ; methods ; Geographic Information Systems ; Snails

Aged ; Chondroma ; diagnosis ; Diagnostic Errors ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Male ; Tracheal Neoplasms ; diagnosis

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Humans

Astrocyte is the most amount cell population of the central nervous system, which has complex signal transduction pathway. Astrocyte involves in many physiological actions and pathological processes. Further more, Astrocyte plays an important role in neuropathic pain generation and development at central nerve system level, or at peripheral level. This paper reviewed the evolution of astrocyte and neuropathic pain research in recent years.