The purpose of foreign language teaching in Chinese medicine is not only translation,but also clearly the role and the purposes of translation.Inputing a culture to another culture is not culture exchange,but cultural coagulation.Expressions with modem scientific system allow speculative natural philosophy freed from the ancient Chinese-style paper into the theory expressed by modem scientific language in order to solve the problems of teaching foreign languages of traditional Chinese medicine texts.

Objective To synthesize an iron-based metal organic framework(MOF) material and investigate its adjuvant effect on immune response in mice. Methods The iron-based MOF material was synthesized via the hydrothermal reaction method, of which the morphology and composition were characterized by transmission electron microscope(TEM), scanning electron microscope(SEM), dynamic light scattering particle analyzer(DLS), X-ray photoelectron spectrometer(XPS), and specific surface area analysis(Brunauer Emmett Teller, BET). Using ovalbumin(OVA) as immunogen, 20 female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into iron-based MOF + OVA group(60 μg iron-based MOF + 20 μg OVA), Alu + OVA group(50 μg Alu+ 20 μg OVA), OVA group(20 μg OVA), and blank group(0. 9% normal saline), and were injected intramuscularly through the lateral thigh at 0, 14 and 28 d, respectively, with 100 μL/mouse. Blood samples were collected from the tail vein at 7, 21 and42 d after the initial immunization, the serum was separated, and the specific IgG antibody level was determined by ELISA.At 42 d after the initial immunization, the levels of specific IgG subtype antibodies in serum, IFNγ secreted by splenocytes,as well as IFNγ, IL-2 and IL-4 secreted by CD4~+T and CD8~+T cells were detected by ELISA, ELISPOT and flow cytometry,respectively. The body mass of mice at 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 d after the initial immunization was measured, and the behavior of mice in various groups was observed. Results The synthesized iron-based MOF material exhibited a spherical morphology, an average particle size of approximately 129. 4 nm, a specific surface area of 16. 7 m~2/g and a pore diameter of7. 73 nm, containing C, N, S and Fe elements with more content of Fe element. At 42 d after the initial immunization, there was no significant difference in IgG level between iron-based MOF + OVA group and Alu + OVA group(F = 1. 00, P > 0. 05),but IgG2a and IgG2b levels increased significantly in iron-based MOF + OVA group(F = 16. 90 and 16. 57, respectively,each P < 0. 05);the level of IFNγ secreted by spleen cells increased significantly(F = 19. 47, each P < 0. 05);the level of IFNγ secreted by CD4~+T cells increased significantly(F = 14. 94, P < 0. 01), but that secreted by CD8~+T cells had no significant difference(F = 1. 00, P > 0. 05), and the levels of IL-2 and IL-4 secreted by CD8~+T cells increased significantly(F =100. 00 and 945. 80, each P < 0. 001). During the whole immunization process, there were no abnormal behaviors such as depilation or refusal to eat, and the body mass of mice in various groups changed little. Conclusion The prepared iron-based MOF material is simple to synthesize, stable in structure with nano-scale size, which can elicit humoral and cellular immune responses in mice, and is expected to become a new vaccine adjuvant.

Cluster Analysis ; Fuzzy Logic ; Humans ; Mathematics ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Carotid artery atherosclerosis is a treatable and preventable cause of ischemic stroke.Increasing studies suggest that carotid plaque characteristics may be a superior means for predicting ipsilateral cerebrovascular events as compared with the degree of carotid artery stenosis.The major MRI features of vulnerable carotid plaques include large lipid-rich necrotic cores,intraplaque hemorrhage,plaque rupture,and calcification.This article reviews the major MRI features of vulnerable carotid plaques and their roles in predicting ipsilateral cerebrovascular events.

Objective To screen a thermostable urate oxidase-producing strain, optimize the fermentation conditions and study the enzymatic properties.Methods A urate oxidase-producing strain was screened from high temperature starter based on transparent circle method.Its 16S rDNA sequence was then amplified and analyzed.Meanwhile, the phylogenetic trees were built.Optimization of the fermentation conditions from this strain was carried out.The enzymatic properties of urate oxidase were studied.Results A urate oxidase-producing strain, named Bacillus subtilis ZX-6 by molecular identification, was obtained.The production of urate oxidase under the optimized conditons (135.9 U/L) was 133.7%higher than before.The optimum reaction temperature and pH were 45℃ and 7.6 respectively.The residual activity of urate oxidase at 37℃ for 48 h was still 17.2%.Conclusion The successful screening of a thermostable urate oxidase-producing strain and optimization of the fermentation conditions will lay a foundation for the further research.

BACKGROUND: The endothelial-mesenchymal transition is known to play a central role in the pathological process of heterotopic ossification. OBJECTIVE: To verify the inhibitory effect of SMAD7 on endothelial-mesenchymal transition such as myofibroblast transformation and to explore whether it is a potential target for heterotopic ossification.METHODS: A lentivirus overexpressing SMAD7 was contructed and the optimal titre and transfection efficiency in rat aortic endothelial cells were determined. The lentivirus was then injected into a rat model of Achilles tendon injury, while the controls were given the injection of normal saline. Expressions of endothelial and mesenchymal markers at the injured site were analyzed by quantitative PCR and western blot assay. The heterotopic ossification was observed radiologically and histologically.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Local injection of SMAD7-delivering lentivirus resulted in an upregulation of CD31 and VE-cadherin, and a downregulation of N-cadherin and vimentin, suggesting that the endothelial-mesenchymal transition is blocked due to local SMAD7 overexpression. The inhibitory effect became more evident at 10 weeks than at 6 weeks after modeling. Radiology and histological staining further confirmed that the ossified structures in the tendon tissue disappeared after injection of SMAD7-delivering lentivirus, as opposed to the control group. These data suggest that local overexpression of SMAD7 can prevent postoperative heterotopic ossification with no effect on wound healing.

Objective To research the reduction of computed radiography exposure.Methods By body-model computed radiography test,the relationship between X-ray exposure on the image plate to the latitude and sensitivity of the exposure data recognizer was investigated,from which the low-dose value of exposure was achieved.Results The low-dose value of the computed radiography was 22.5% of the average-dose.Conclusion The low-dose of computed radiography can be achieved.

Objective To investigate the CT and MRI findings of facial neuroma to promote diagnostic accuracy. Methods Nine facial neuromas consisted of 8 schwannoma and 1 neurofibroma. High resolution CT were performed on 7 cases, routinal CT scan on 2 patients. Six cases were examined by MRI, in which 5 cases were used constrast media. Results Five tumors on right side and 4 on left were detected. The tumor affected the internal auditory canal segment of facial nerve in 1 case, labyrinth segment in 4, anterior genu in 6, tympanum segment in 7, mastoid segment in 6,horizontal segment in 5 and parotid segment in 3. CT demonstrated enlargement of the facial nerve canal, benign bone remodeling in the location of geniculate ganglion and stripe soft issue along the course of facial nerve. MRI found that involved facial nerve became thickened markedly as a stripe or soft mass by several segments, that were isointense to brain on T 1WI and isointense or hyperintense on T 2WI and enhanced obviously. Conclusion The segmental soft tissue mass along the facial nerve course is the characteristic of facial neuroma. Gadolinium enhanced MRI is an effective method for detecting the lesion.

The patient doctor relationship,as the essential part of medical relationship, is inevitably influenced by the medical views and develops with the evolvement of medical modes. Understanding the inner logical relationships between the medical mode and the patient-doctor relationship can facilitate the further research on the patient-doctor relationship. Currently, we should choose the mode of the patient-doctor relationship on the basis of respecting patient, emphasizing the obligation, motivating the activity of patients, and constructing an honesty-trust relationship between patient and doctor, which will make it easy to understand the ethical request of the constructing of patient-doctor relationship and make the definition of the patient doctor relationship clearer.

One case with dedifferentiated liposarcoma in proximal tibia accompanied by angiosarcoma was analyzed. The dedifferentiated liposarcoma was further analyzed by imaging, clinical and pathological features. One 51-year-old male patient was suspected to bone tumor due to space occupying lesion for 6 days in left proximal tibia and admitted in Changhai Hospital of Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA in May 2007. The clinical features, including onset features, physical examination, blood routine, imaging alterations, pathological characteristics, operation approach, and follow-up period were retrospectively analyzed. The tumor was treated by curettage and inactivation, iliac grafting, bone cement filling, tibial plateau T type plate and screw internal fixation and tumor tissue biopsy. However, tumor relapsed 40 days postoperatively, and the patient was treated by amputation surgery. Two weeks after surgery, the patient developed emptysis and died due to multiple organ failure. Dedifferentiated liposarcoma accompanied by angiosarcoma displays no noticeable characteristics in imaging, clinical manifestation, and laboratory examination, which make it difficult to diagnose it. This tumor is highly malignant, and has short disease course, and poor prognosis.