No abstract available.
Animals ; Dogs* ; Ethiodized Oil* ; Liver*

No abstract available.
Bilirubin* ; Ethiodized Oil ; Fistula* ; Urinalysis

Lipiodol based conventional transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a standard of care for unresectable, non-invasive, and multinodular Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)s. The procedure relies on the intra-arterial administration of lipiodol/cytotoxic agent emulsion followed by the infusion of embolic material. Lipiodol, with its oily nature and radiopacifying properties, is in the center of the TACE procedure. Unstability and unpredictable therapeutic effect of hydrophilic cytotoxic drugs emulsified in the lipiodol and technical problems lie beyond the control of clinicians. Thus, interest in the properties and respective roles for lipiodol in the management of HCC is essential for the clinicians.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Ethiodized Oil* ; Standard of Care

PURPOSE: To assess the role and efficacy of radiologic intervention in the adult patients with esophagobronchial fistula. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Radiologic intervertion was performed in 4 patients with esophagobronchial fistula. We tried direct occlusion of fistula tract by glue(histoacylate 0.4cc + lipiodol 0.3cc) and coil in 2 patients and performed presurgical wire insertion by using 8F curved catheter via esophageal opening of fistula tract. The latter procedure was carled out to detect the fistula tract easily at operation. RESULTS: Direct occlusions of fistula tract by glue and coil were performed only to fail in 2 patients. Pre-surgical wire incertion by using 8F curred catheter under guidance of fluroscopy in 3 patients were helpful in detecting fistula tract at operation. CONCLUSION: Direct occlusion of the fistulous tract in esophagobronchial fistulas was ineffective. However, presur- gical wire insertion by using cured catheter under fluroscopy guidance is helpful to detect the fistula tract easily at operation.
Adhesives ; Adult* ; Catheters ; Ethiodized Oil ; Fistula* ; Humans

PURPOSE: This study was performed to evaluate any difference in the penetration of the acrylic glue into the pig rete mirabile according to the difference of the concentration of the glue mixture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three domestic pigs (12-15kg) were used. After obtaining a normal angiography, two different concentrations of 1:1 and 0.5:1 of Histoacryl Blue mixture with Lipiodol were administrated into pig rete mirabile and then anglographic and pathologic findings were analyzed after taking a postembolization angiography. RESULTS: The degree of the penetration of the glue mixture into the pig rete was different in the anglographic and pathologic findings according to the glue mixture ratio. In case of using 0.5:1 mixture of glue and Lipiodol, glue penetrated into the smaller vessels with size of about 80 micro rn than in case of using 1:1 mixture of glue and Lipiodol. CONCLUSION: Because the polymerization time of glue mixture will be different according to the concentration of glue mixture, a mixture with thin glue concentration seemed to penetrate deeply into the pig rete.
Adhesives ; Angiography ; Enbucrilate* ; Ethiodized Oil ; Polymerization ; Polymers ; Sus scrofa

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is one of the most common palliative treatment modalities for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). TACE is an invasive procedure associated with several potential complications of varying severity. A pulmonary embolism after TACE for HCC is a rare complication. We report a case of pulmonary Lipiodol embolism after a third TACE resulting in death.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Embolism ; Ethiodized Oil ; Humans ; Palliative Care ; Pulmonary Embolism

PURPOSE: To assess the malignant potential of small(< or =15mm) portal defects seen on CT arterial portography,the findings of CT hepatic arteriography and lipiodol CT CT were reviewed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 91 patientswho underwent both CTAP and CTHA, small portal defects were re-viewed for frequency, multiplicity and location. Weprospectively evauluated changes in the size and enhance-ment pattern of malignant lesions on follow up CTaccording to density on CTHA, location, lipiodol deposits on lipiodol CT, and multiplicity. RESULTS: Among the 91patients, 102 small defects were defected in 42 patients(46%). Small portal defects were benign, malignant, and ofundetermined malignant potential in 77%, 20% and 3% of cases, respectively. Small portal defects that werehyperattenuated on CTHA, and lipiodol deposits on lipiodol CT, were malignant in 42% and 70% of cases,respectively. Location and multiplicity did not show statistically significant variation between benign andmalignant defects. CONCLUSION: Small portal defects are common and there is a high probability that portaldefects smaller than 15mm are benign, even in patients with a known hepatic mass and defect that washyperattenuated on CTHA. If a small defect showed lipiodol deposit on lipiodol CT, malignancy must be suspected.
Angiography* ; Ethiodized Oil* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Liver* ; Portography*

PURPOSE: To evaluate intrahepatic nodular lesions detected on CTAP but not on conventional contrast CT in regard to its relationship with satellite nodules or borderline malignancies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From June 1991 to March 1994, CTAP was undertaken in 132 cases with confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), of which 35 cases having 82 lesions were suitable for analysis(excluding the cases which had no follow-up studies, showed segmental abnormal portal perfusion, no additional lesions and, or inumerable lesions). The CTAP findings were compared with those on artery dominant imaging studies (angiography, DSA, bolus dynamic CT, arterial CT, Lipiodol CT) taken during the same period(to confirm the presence of lesions) and the findings on follow-up imaging studies(to assess the developemerit of malignancy). RESULTS: Arterial vascularity was identified in 35 of 82 lesions(42.7%) on arterial dominant imaging studies. Developement into malignancy was identified on follow-up imaging studies in 25 of remained 47 lesions(53.2%). CONCLUSION: The total positive predictive value of nodules on CTAP was 73.2%(35+25/82), but the predictive value for HCC by follow-up only was 53.2%. Given'the difficulties in detecting intranodular arterial flow and the short follow-up duration in many patients, the actual positive value might be higher.
Arteries ; Ethiodized Oil ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Perfusion

PURPOSE: To evaluate intrahepatic nodular lesions detected on CTAP but not on conventional contrast CT in regard to its relationship with satellite nodules or borderline malignancies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From June 1991 to March 1994, CTAP was undertaken in 132 cases with confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), of which 35 cases having 82 lesions were suitable for analysis(excluding the cases which had no follow-up studies, showed segmental abnormal portal perfusion, no additional lesions and, or inumerable lesions). The CTAP findings were compared with those on artery dominant imaging studies (angiography, DSA, bolus dynamic CT, arterial CT, Lipiodol CT) taken during the same period(to confirm the presence of lesions) and the findings on follow-up imaging studies(to assess the developemerit of malignancy). RESULTS: Arterial vascularity was identified in 35 of 82 lesions(42.7%) on arterial dominant imaging studies. Developement into malignancy was identified on follow-up imaging studies in 25 of remained 47 lesions(53.2%). CONCLUSION: The total positive predictive value of nodules on CTAP was 73.2%(35+25/82), but the predictive value for HCC by follow-up only was 53.2%. Given'the difficulties in detecting intranodular arterial flow and the short follow-up duration in many patients, the actual positive value might be higher.
Arteries ; Ethiodized Oil ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Perfusion

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of renal CT scanning and to histologicallycorrelate renal damage induced by renal arterial infusion of 0.2 ml/kg of doxorubicin-lipiodol emulsion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Renal CT scans of 20 rabbit kidneys were obtained 15 days after transcatheter arterialchemoembolization and were classified into four grades, as follows : Grade 0 - no fleck, Grade 1 - one to threenodular flecks ; Grade 2 - four or more nodular flecks, or one semilunar fleck ; and Grade 3 - two or moresemilunar flecks. The percentage of histological section occupied by lesion was determined using squared paper,and compared with the grades determined on the basis of CT. RESULTS: The histologic findings were interstitialinflammatory cell infiltration, intratubular lipiodol droplets, dystrophic calcification, and cellular necrosis.The mean sizes of grade 0, 1, 2 and 3 histological lesions were 2.2%(n=5), 4.5%(n=4), 21.9%(n=7), and 24%(n=4),respectively. Grades 0 and 1 accounted for nine cases(3.2%), while grades 2 and 3 accounted for 11(22.6%) ; thisdifference was statistically significant(p<0.01). CONCLUSION: CT findings showing nodular or semilunar flecks 15days after infusion into the renal artery of doxorubicin-lipiodol emulsion correlate with the size of the damagedkidney, as seen on histological specimens.
Ethiodized Oil ; Kidney ; Renal Artery* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed