INTRODUCTION

Hysteroscopy is the gold standard procedure for the evaluation and diagnosis of intrauterine pathologies. The optimal time to do hysteroscopy is during the proliferative phase. However, for women with irregular bleeding, the optimal time is unpredictable. Besides pharmacological means, mechanical endometrial preparation could be done.

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of suction curettage on visualization, operative time, fluid deficit, and histopathologic diagnosis among perimenopausal women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) and unprepared endometrium prior to operative hysteroscopy.

Thirty-four (34) perimenopausal women admitted for AUB with unprepared endometrium for operative hysteroscopy who consented to participate were recruited and randomly divided into two groups: 18 women had suction curettage done prior to operative hysteroscopy and 16 women had operative hysteroscopy done alone. The following data were obtained for each group: (1) improvement in clarity (i.e., visualization of fundus and both tubal ostia), (2) operative time from entry to withdrawal of the resectoscope (measured in minutes), (3) fluid deficit, and (4) final histopathological diagnosis. P 

Women who underwent suction curettage prior to operative hysteroscopy had improved visualization (72.2%, P < 0.001), shorter operative time (29.06 ± 7.06 min vs. 35.5 ± 7.2 min, P = 0.013), no difference in fluid deficit (P = 0.276), and the histopathologic diagnosis (P = 0.470).

Suction curettage prior to operative hysteroscopy among perimenopausal women with AUB and unprepared endometrium improved visualization and shortened operative time without affecting fluid deficit and histopathologic diagnosis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate efficacy between arthroscopic popliteal cyst drainage and arthroscopic popliteal cyst resection. METHODS: From January 2013 to June 2021, 54 patients with popliteal cyst (Rausching-Lindgren gradeⅠto Ⅲ) were treated with arthroscopic surgery. There were 24 males and 30 females. The age ranged from 44 to 72 years old, with a mean of (62.67±6.08) years old. The course of the disease ranged from 1 to 72 months, with a mean of(15±14) months. Twenty-four patients (group A) were underwent arthroscopic internal drainage of popliteal cyst. Thirty patients (group B) were underwent arthroscopic resection of popliteal cyst. Preoperative main symptoms included knee pain, swelling, walking pain, popliteal swelling, popliteal mass and so on. After 1, 3, 6 months and 1, 2 years of surgery, routine outpatient follow-up was conducted to observe and compare the surgical time, bleeding volume, preoperative and postoperative visual analog scale (VAS), knee Lysholm score, and complications between two groups. RESULTS: All incisions healed at one stage after operation. All 54 patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 6 months to 2 years, with an average of (13.89±4.29) months. There was no intraoperative vascular or nerve injury. Operation time and intraoperative blood loss of the two groups:group A of (62.08±9.55) min and (8.00±1.69) ml, group B of (69.50±6.99) min and (8.70±2.00) ml. Popliteal pain, swelling, limitation of flexion and extension were significantly relieved after operation. VAS before and one month after operation between two groups:group A of 5.38±1.21 and 2.63±0.71, group B of 5.60±1.26 and 2.80±0.81. Lysholm scores of knee joint before and 6 months after operation:group A of 62.59±4.99 and 89.74±2.90, group B of 63.87±3.23 and 89.02±2.35. Knee joint function improved significantly in both groups. In group A, 4 cases had popliteal cyst at 3 months after operation, and 2 cases had small isolated cyst at 1 year after operation. There was no recurrence of cyst in group B. CONCLUSION The results between two arthroscopic treatments of popliteal cyst are satisfactory, and there is no significant difference in the amount of blood loss, safety, postoperative pain VAS score and knee function recovery. It is suggested that arthroscopic resection of the cyst wall should be performed when the technique is mature, especially for large cysts and septal cysts.
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Popliteal Cyst/surgery* ; Drainage ; Cysts ; Knee Joint/surgery* ; Pain

Hidradenitis suppurative is a chronic, refractory and recurrent dermatological disease. The disease should be managed by targeted surgical intervention on the basis of medical treatment. Currently, the surgical treatment methods include local treatments like incision and drainage, unroofing, laser therapy, intense pulsed light therapy, photodynamic therapy, as well as complete lesion resection such as skin-tissue saving excision with electrosurgical peeling and extended excision. The clearance range, therapeutic effect, postoperative complications, and recurrence risk vary among the different treatment methods. Local treatments cause less damage, but have high recurrence rates, and are mainly for mild to moderate hidradenitis suppurative patients. Complete lesion resections have relatively low recurrence rates, but may bring more surgical injuries, and postoperative reconstructions are needed, which are mainly for moderate to severe hidradenitis suppurative patients. In this article, the surgical treatment principles and various surgical treatment methods of hidradenitis suppurative are reviewed, to provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease in clinical practice.
Humans ; Hidradenitis Suppurativa/complications* ; Hidradenitis/complications* ; Drainage ; Postoperative Complications ; Skin

Acute pancreatitis is one of the common surgical acute abdominal diseases. Since people first recognized acute pancreatitis in the middle of the nineteenth century, a diversified minimally invasive treatment model with standardization has been formed today. According to the main line of surgical intervention of acute pancreatitis treatment,this period can be roughly divided into five stages:exploration stage, conservative treatment stage, pancreatectomy stage, debridement and drainage of the pancreatic necrotic tissue stage, and minimally invasive treatment as the first choice led by the multidisciplinary team mode stage. Throughout history, the evolution and progress of surgical intervention strategies for acute pancreatitis cannot be separated from the progress of science and technology, the update of treatment concepts and the further understanding of the pathogenesis. This article will summarize the surgical characteristics of acute pancreatitis treatment at each stage to explain the development of surgical treatment of acute pancreatitis,to help investigate the development of surgical treatment of acute pancreatitis in the future.
Humans ; Acute Disease ; Treatment Outcome ; Debridement ; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing/pathology* ; Drainage

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of transanal drainage tube (TDT) in reducing the incidence of anastomotic leak following anterior resection in patients with rectal cancer. Methods: We conducted a systematic search for relevant studies published from inception to October 2022 across multiple databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4 software. The primary outcomes included total incidence of anastomotic leak, grade B and C anastomotic leak rates, reoperation rate, anastomotic bleeding rate, and overall complication rate. Results: Three randomized controlled trials involving 1115 patients (559 patients in the TDT group and 556 in the non-TDT group) were included. Meta-analysis showed that the total incidences of anastomotic leak and of grade B anastomotic leak were 5.5% (31/559) and 4.5% (25/559), respectively, in the TDT group and 7.9% (44/556) and 3.8% (21/556), respectively, in the non-TDT group. These differences are not statistically significant (P=0.120, P=0.560, respectively). Compared with the non-TDT group, the TDT group had a lower incidence of grade C anastomotic leak (1.6% [7/559] vs. 4.5% [25/556]) and reoperation rate (0.9% [5/559] vs. 4.3% [24/556]), but a higher incidence of anastomotic bleeding (8.2% [23/279] vs. 3.6% [10/276]). These differences were statistically significant (P=0.003, P=0.001, P=0.030, respectively). The overall complication rate was 26.5%(74/279) in the TDT group and 27.2% (75/276) in the non-TDT group. These differences are not statistically significant (P=0.860). Conclusions: TDT did not significantly reduce the total incidence of anastomotic leak but may have potential clinical benefits in preventing grade C anastomotic leak. Notably, placement of TDT may increase the anastomotic bleeding rate.
Humans ; Anastomotic Leak/etiology* ; Rectal Neoplasms/complications* ; Drainage ; Anastomosis, Surgical/adverse effects* ; Reoperation/adverse effects* ; Hemorrhage ; Retrospective Studies

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics, treatment experiences and prognostic factors for descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM). Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the data of 22 patients with DNM diagnosed and treated in Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2016 to August 2022, including 16 males and 6 females, aged 29-79 years. After admission, all patients underwent CT scanning of the maxillofacial, cervical, and thoracic regions to confirm their diagnoses. Emergency incision and drainage were performed. The neck incision was treated with continuous vacuum sealing drainage. According to the prognoses, the patients were divided into cure group and death group, and the prognostic factors were analyzed. SPSS 25.0 software was used to analyze the clinical data. Rusults: The main complaints were dysphagia (45.5%, 10/22) and dyspnea (50.0%, 11/22). Odontogenic infection accounted for 45.5% (10/22) and oropharyngeal infection accounted for 54.5% (12/22). There were 16 cases in the cured group and 6 cases in the death group, with a total mortality rate of 27.3%. The mortality rates of DNM typeⅠand typeⅡwere respectively 16.7% and 40%. Compared with the cured group, the death group had higher incidences for diabetes, coronary heart disease and septic shock (all P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences between the cure group and the death group in procalcitonin level (50.43 (137.64) ng/ml vs 2.92 (6.33) ng/ml, M(IQR), Z=3.023, P<0.05) and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ) score (16.10±2.40 vs 6.75±3.19, t=6.524, P<0.05). Conclution: DNM is rare, with high mortality, high incidence of septic shock, and the increased procalcitonin level and APACHE Ⅱ score combined diabetes and coronary heart disease are the poor prognostic factors for DNM. Early incision and drainage combined with continuous vacuum sealing drainage technique is a better way to treat DNM.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Mediastinitis/diagnosis* ; Shock, Septic/complications* ; Retrospective Studies ; Procalcitonin ; Prognosis ; Drainage/adverse effects* ; Necrosis/therapy*

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of one- stage bilateral video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for resection of bilateral multiple pulmonary nodules (BMPNs). METHODS: We analyzed the clinical characteristics, pathological features, perioperative outcomes and follow-up data of 41 patients with BMPNs undergoing one-stage bilateral VATS from July, 2011 to August, 2021. RESULTS: One-stage bilateral VATS was performed uneventfully in 40 of the patients, and conversion to open surgery occurred in 1 case. The surgical approaches included bilateral lobectomy (4.9%), lobar-sublobar resection (36.6%) and sublobar-sublobar resection (58.5%) with a mean operative time of 196.3±54.5 min, a mean blood loss of 224.6±139.5 mL, a mean thoracic drainage duration of 4.7±1.1 days and a mean hospital stay of 14±3.8 days. Pathological examination revealed bilateral primary lung cancer in 15 cases, unilateral primary lung cancer in 21 cases and bilateral benign lesions in 5 cases. A total of 112 pulmonary nodules were resected, including 67 malignant and 45 benign lesions. Postoperative complications included pulmonary infection (5 cases), respiratory failure (2 cases), asthma attack (2 cases), atrial fibrillation (2 cases), and drug-induced liver injury (1 case). No perioperative death occurred in these patients, who had a 1-year survival rate of 97.6%. CONCLUSION With appropriate preoperative screening and perioperative management, one-stage bilateral VATS is feasible and safe for resection of BMPNs.
Humans ; Multiple Pulmonary Nodules ; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted ; Feasibility Studies ; Postoperative Complications ; Drainage

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of modified alternate negative pressure drainage on postoperative outcomes after posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) surgery. METHODS: This was a prospective study involving 84 patients who underwent PLIF surgery between January 2019 and June 2020. Of these patients, 22 had single-segment surgery and 62 had two-segment surgery. Patients were grouped by surgical segment and admission sequence:the observation group included patients with a single-segment surgery, and the control group included patients with a two-segment surgery. Natural pressure drainage was given to 42 patients in the observation group (modified alternate negative pressure drainage group) after surgery, which was then changed to negative pressure drainage after 24 hours. In the control group, 42 patients were given negative pressure drainage after surgery, which was then changed to natural pressure drainage after 24 hours. The total drainage volume, drainage time, maximum body temperature at 24 hours and 1 week after surgery, and drainage-related complications were observed and compared between the two groups. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in operative time and intraoperative blood loss between the two groups. The postoperative total drainage volume was significantly lower in the observation group (456.69±124.50) ml than in control group (572.36±117.75) ml, and the drainage time was significantly shorter in the observation group (4.95±1.31) days than in the control group (4.00±1.17) days. Maximum body temperature at 24 hours after surgery was similar in both groups (37.09±0.31)°C in the observation group and (37.03±0.33)°C in the control group, while on the 1st week after surgery, it was slightly higher in the observation group (37.05±0.32)°C than in the control group (36.94±0.33)°C, but the difference was not significant. There were no significant differences in drainage-related complications, with one case(2.38%) of superficial wound infection in the observation group and two cases(4.76%) in control group. CONCLUSION Modified alternate negative pressure drainage after posterior lumbar fusion can reduce the drainage volume and shorten the drainage time without increasing the risk of drainage-related complications.
Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Prospective Studies ; Spinal Fusion ; Lumbar Vertebrae/surgery* ; Drainage ; Treatment Outcome

Objective: To investigate the timing of pericardial drainage catheter removal and restart of the anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) suffered from perioperative pericardial tamponade during atrial fibrillation catheter ablation and uninterrupted dabigatran. Methods: A total of 20 patients with pericardial tamponade, who underwent AF catheter ablation with uninterrupted dabigatran in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2019 to August 2021, were included in this retrospective analysis. The clinical characteristics of enrolled patients, information of catheter ablation procedures, pericardial tamponade management, perioperative complications, the timing of pericardial drainage catheter removal and restart of anticoagulation were analyzed. Results: All patients underwent pericardiocentesis and pericardial effusion drainage was successful in all patients. The average drainage volume was (427.8±527.4) ml. Seven cases were treated with idarucizumab, of which 1 patient received surgical repair. The average timing of pericardial drainage catheter removal and restart of anticoagulation in 19 patients without surgical repair was (1.4±0.7) and (0.8±0.4) days, respectively. No new bleeding, embolism and death were reported during hospitalization and within 30 days following hospital discharge. Time of removal of pericardial drainage catheter, restart of anticoagulation and hospital stay were similar between patients treated with idarucizumab or not. Conclusion: It is safe and reasonable to remove pericardial drainage catheter and restart anticoagulation as soon as possible during catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation with uninterrupted dabigatran independent of the idarucizumab use or not in case of confirmed hemostasis.
Humans ; Atrial Fibrillation/drug therapy* ; Dabigatran/therapeutic use* ; Cardiac Tamponade/complications* ; Anticoagulants/therapeutic use* ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Drainage/adverse effects* ; Catheter Ablation ; Catheters/adverse effects*

Objective: To investigate the causes and management of long-term persistent pelvic presacral space infection. Methods: Clinical data of 10 patients with persistent presacral infection admitted to the Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University from October 2015 to October 2020 were collected. Different surgical approaches were used to treat the presacral infection according to the patients' initial surgical procedures. Results: Among the 10 patients, there were 2 cases of presacral recurrent infection due to rectal leak after radiotherapy for cervical cancer, 3 cases of presacral recurrent infection due to rectal leak after radiotherapy for rectal cancer Dixons, and 5 cases of presacral recurrent infection of sinus tract after adjuvant radiotherapy for rectal cancer Miles. Of the 5 patients with leaky bowel, 4 had complete resection of the ruptured nonfunctional bowel and complete debridement of the presacral infection using an anterior transverse sacral incision with a large tipped omentum filling the presacral space; 1 had continuous drainage of the anal canal and complete debridement of the presacral infection using an anterior transverse sacral incision. 5 post-Miles patients all had debridement of the presacral infection using an anterior transverse sacral incision combined with an abdominal incision. The nine patients with healed presacral infection recovered from surgery in 26 to 210 days, with a median time of 55 days. Conclusions: Anterior sacral infections in patients with leaky gut are caused by residual bowel secretion of intestinal fluid into the anterior sacral space, and in post-Miles patients by residual anterior sacral foreign bodies. An anterior sacral caudal transverse arc incision combined with an abdominal incision is an effective surgical approach for complete debridement of anterior sacral recalcitrant infections.
Humans ; Reinfection ; Rectum/surgery* ; Rectal Neoplasms/surgery* ; Drainage ; Anal Canal/surgery* ; Pelvic Infection