Objective:To analyze the therapeutic effect of ganglioside combined with hyperbaric oxygen in the treatment of cerebral hemorrhage. To investigate the effects of ganglioside combined with hyperbaric oxygen therapy on serum inflammatory factors and neural injury markers in patients.Methods:A randomized controlled study was conducted involving 98 patients with cerebral hemorrhage treated at Bayannur Hospital from January 2022 to January 2024. The patients were randomly assigned to either a control group or a combination group, with 49 cases in each group, using a random number table method. All patients received routine treatment. The control group received hyperbaric oxygen therapy, while the combination group received both hyperbaric oxygen therapy and ganglioside therapy. Both groups were treated for 20 days. The volume of cerebral edema, levels of serum inflammatory factors, and neural injury markers were compared between the two groups before and after treatment, and the efficacy of both groups was evaluated.Results:After treatment, the brain edema volume in the combination group [(12.31 ± 1.31) cm3]was significantly lower than that in the control group [(15.36 ± 1.62) cm3, t = 10.25, P < 0.05]. The Glasgow Coma Scale score in the combination group [(13.64 ± 1.37) points] was significantly higher than that in the control group [(11.42 ± 1.24) points, t = -8.41, P < 0.05]. The serum levels of interleukin-1β and interleukin-8 in the combination group were (5.48 ± 0.56) ng/L and (12.29 ± 1.33) ng/L, respectively, both of which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(6.42 ± 0.67) ng/L, (16.85 ± 1.71) ng/L, t = 7.54, 14.74, both P < 0.05]. The levels of soluble protein-100β (S100β) and high mobility group protein-1 in the combination group were (0.62 ± 0.07) μg/L and (4.17 ± 0.42) μg/L, respectively, both of which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(0.81 ± 0.09) μg/L, (5.59 ± 0.56) μg/L, t = 11.67, 14.20, both P < 0.05]. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score in the combination group [(11.47 ± 1.23) points]was significantly lower than that in the control group [(15.31 ± 1.62) points, t = 13.22, P < 0.05]. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Motor Recovery after Stroke score in the combination group [(63.58 ± 6.48) points] was significantly higher than that in the control group [(54.64 ± 5.71) points, t = -7.25, P < 0.05]. The total response rate in the combination group was 91.84% (45/49), which was significantly higher than that in the control group [73.47% (36/49), χ2 = 5.76, P < 0.05]. Conclusions:The use of gangliosides in combination with hyperbaric oxygen therapy for the treatment of cerebral hemorrhage can effectively reduce cerebral edema, lessen inflammatory responses, and minimize neural injury. This approach helps restore patients' neurological and motor functions and enhance overall treatment efficacy.

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of serum ferritin (SF) combined with erythrocyte parameters for iron-deficiency anemia in patients undergoing hemodialysis.Methods:A total of 100 patients with anemia undergoing hemodialysis at Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from January 2021 to December 2023 were included in this study. Based on the types of anemia, the patients were divided into two groups: the iron-deficiency anemia group ( n = 37) and the iron-normal anemia group ( n = 63). The SF levels and erythrocyte parameters [red blood cell count, hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), and hematocrit (HCT)]were compared between the two groups. The diagnostic value of SF combined with erythrocyte parameters for identifying iron-deficiency anemia in patients undergoing hemodialysis was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic curves. Results:The SF and HB levels as well as HCT in the iron-deficiency anemia group were (16.79 ± 3.55) μg/L, (96.23 ± 5.00) g/L, and 0.29 ± 0.04, respectively. These values were significantly lower than those in the iron-normal anemia group [(25.45 ± 5.85) μg/L, (103.48 ± 5.59) g/L, 0.33 ± 0.04, t = 8.15, 6.50, 5.47, all P < 0.001]. The RDW in the iron-deficiency anemia group was (15.28 ± 2.37)%, which was significantly higher than that in the iron-normal anemia group [(12.62 ± 2.41)%, t = -5.36, P < 0.001]. There was no significant statistical difference in red blood cell count between the iron-deficiency anemia group [(3.75 ± 0.57) × 10 12/L] and the iron-normal anemia group [(3.86 ± 0.43) × 10 12/L, t = 1.02, P > 0.05]. According to receiver operating characteristic analysis, the areas under the curve for SF, Hb, HCT, and RDW in the diagnosis of iron-deficiency anemia in patients undergoing hemodialysis were 0.888, 0.841, 0.787, and 0.777, respectively. The sensitivities were 91.89%, 81.08%, 70.27%, and 81.08%, respectively, while the specificities were 79.37%, 80.95%, 76.19%, and 68.25%, respectively. Conclusions:The diagnostic value of SF combined with erythrocyte parameters is high for identifying iron-deficiency anemia in patients undergoing hemodialysis. This combination can provide a valuable reference for the early diagnosis and treatment of iron-deficiency anemia.

Objective:To analyze the effects of Yiqi Tongluo Decoction combined with acupuncture on hemorheology and neurological function in patients with ischemic stroke due to qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. Methods:This study was designed as a prospective study. It included 120 patients with ischemic stroke due to qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome, all of whom received treatment at Sun Simiao Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine between April 2021 and May 2023. The patients were randomly assigned to either an observation group ( n = 60) or a control group ( n = 60) using a random number table method. Both groups received standard conventional treatment. The control group received acupuncture, while the observation group was treated with both acupuncture and Yiqi Tongluo Decoction. Neurological function deficits were evaluated for both groups before and after treatment, and hemorheological indices, antioxidant enzyme levels, and markers of brain injury were measured to evaluate treatment efficacy. Results:After treatment, the scores on the China Stroke Scale and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale in the observation group were (11.37 ± 1.25) points and (6.18 ± 0.73) points, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [ (15.31 ± 1.59) points, (8.31 ± 0.92) points, t = 15.09,14.05, both P < 0.001]. After treatment, the plasma and whole blood viscosity levels in the observation group were (1.41 ± 0.15) mPa·s and (9.05 ± 1.01) mPa·s, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(1.75 ± 0.18) mPa·s, (10.28 ± 1.14) mPa·s, t = 11.24,6.26, both P < 0.001]. The levels of serum catalase and glutathione peroxidase in the observation group were (160.85 ± 17.11) U/L and (40.31 ± 4.08) U/L, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group [(139.64 ± 14.52) U/L, (34.85 ± 3.61) U/L, t = -7.32,-7.76, both P < 0.001]. The serum levels of high mobility group protein-1 and neuron-specific enolase in the observation group were (4.25 ± 0.43) μg/L and (18.57±1.92) μg/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(5.84±0.61) μg/L, (22.63±2.31) μg/L, t = 10.47, 16.50, both P < 0.001]. The overall response rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group ( χ2 = 6.51, P < 0.05). Conclusions:Yiqi Tongluo Decoction combined with acupuncture has demonstrated significant benefits in treating patients with ischemic stroke due to qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. This approach can enhance hemorheology, increase antioxidant enzyme levels, minimize brain tissue damage, and improve neurological function in patients.

Objective:To develop and validate a risk prediction model for in-stent restenosis (ISR) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods:This prospective study included 126 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who underwent PCI at Lishui Central Hospital from May 2021 to April 2023. The patients were divided into two groups based on whether they experienced ISR after PCI: ISR group ( n = 33) and non-ISR group ( n = 93). Clinical data were compared between the two groups. Binary logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors for ISR in patients with AMI after PCI. A risk prediction model was then developed, and the predictive value of the model was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Results:After surgery, significant differences were observed between the ISR and non-ISR groups regarding postoperative smoking [21(63.64%) vs. 27(29.03%)], elevated uric acid level [19 (57.58%) vs. 28(30.11%)], serum amyloid A (SAA) ≥ 10 mg/L [20(60.61%) vs. 26(27.96%)], and lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] ≥ 300 mg/L [21(63.64%) vs. 32(34.41%)] [ χ2 = 12.36, 7.85, 11.20, 8.53, all P < 0.05]. Postoperative smoking, elevated uric acid levels, SAA ≥ 10 mg/L, and Lp(a) ≥ 300 mg/L were identified as independent risk factors for ISR in patients with AMI after PCI ( OR = 0.234, 0.317, 0.252, 0.300, all P < 0.05). A risk prediction model for ISR after PCI was developed based on postoperative smoking, elevated uric acid levels, SAA levels, and Lp(a) levels ≥ 300 mg/L. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed the areas under the curve were 0.673 [95% CI(0.564, 0.782)], 0.637 [95% CI(0.525, 0.750)], 0.663 [95% CI(0.552, 0.774)], 0.646 [95% CI(0.536, 0.757)], and 0.889 [95% CI(0.821, 0.958)] for ostoperative smoking, elevated uric acid levels, SAA levels, Lp(a) levels ≥ 300 mg/L, and the risk prediction model, respectively. At the critical threshold values, the sensitivities for these variables were 0.636, 0.576, 0.606, 0.636, and 0.909, respectively, while the specificities were 0.710, 0.699, 0.720, 0.656, and 0.763, respectively. The bootstrap method (B = 1000) was used for the internal validation of the risk prediction model. After bias correction, the predicted curve approached the ideal curve, yielding a consistency index of 0.778, which indicates a high predictive value for the model. Moreover, the risk prediction model demonstrated a net benefit greater than 0 within a threshold probability range of 0.02 to 0.93, exceeding two ineffective thresholds. Conclusions:Postoperative smoking, elevated uric acid levels, SAA, and Lp(a) are independent risk factors for ISR in patients with AMI after PCI. The risk prediction model developed based on these four factors demonstrates a high predictive value, which can aid in assessing the risk of ISR in AMI patients with AMI after PCI and in formulating appropriate intervention measures.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of acupuncture aimed at awakening the mind and opening the orifices, when combined with a qi-tonifying and blood-circulating decoction, in the treatment of post-stroke dysphagia due to qi deficiency and blood stasis. Methods:A randomized controlled study was conducted involving 86 patients with post-stroke dysphagia due to qi deficiency and blood stasis who were admitted to the Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion at Yan'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2020 to March 2023. The patients were randomly divided into a control group and a treatment group, with 43 cases in each group, using a random number table method. The control group received conventional treatment, while the treatment group received acupuncture aimed at awakening the mind and opening the orifices combined with a qi-tonifying and blood-circulating decoction. Both groups were treated for 1 month. Clinical efficacy, swallowing function, serological indicators, floating index, and quality of life were compared between the two groups. Results:After treatment, the Standardized Swallowing Assessment score in the treatment group was (18.23 ± 2.04) points, which was significantly lower than that in the control group [(22.52 ± 4.38) points, t = 5.82, P < 0.05]. The Water-Swallowing test score in the treatment group was (2.77 ± 0.55) points, which was significantly higher than that in the control group [(2.00 ± 0.42) points, t = 7.30, P < 0.05]. The level of superoxide dismutase in the treatment group was (147.54 ± 21.03) kU/L, which was significantly higher than that in the control group [(128.31 ± 18.54) kU/L, t = 4.50, P < 0.05]. The Pulsatility Index in the treatment group was (0.72 ± 0.25), which was significantly lower than that in the control group [(0.83 ± 0.24), t = 0.74, P < 0.05]. The cerebral vascular reserve in the treatment group was (42.28 ± 5.69)%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group [(35.45 ± 4.31)%, t = 2.03, P < 0.05]. The Swallowing Quality-of-Life Questionnaire score in the treatment group was (76.33 ± 11.54) points, which was significantly higher than that in the control group [(68.02 ± 12.16) points, t = 3.25, P < 0.05]. The response rate in the treatment group was 97.67% (42/43), which was significantly higher than that in the control group [86.05% (37/43), χ2 = 3.89, P < 0.05]. Conclusions:The use of acupuncture for awakening the mind and opening the orifices, combined with a qi-tonifying and blood-circulating decoction, can significantly enhance clinical efficacy and improve the quality of life for patients with post-stroke dysphagia due to qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome compared with conventional treatment.

Objective:To compare the effects of different doses of dexmedetomidine combined with sufentanil on outcomes of thoracolumbar fracture surgery.Methods:A randomized controlled study was conducted involving 100 patients with thoracolumbar spine fractures who underwent general anesthesia at Luoyang Orthopedic-Traumatological Hospital of Henan Province (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital) from May 2022 to May 2023. The patients were randomly assigned to either a low-dose dexmedetomidine group ( n = 50) or a high-dose dexmedetomidine group ( n = 50) using a random number table method. The high-dose dexmedetomidine group received an infusion of dexmedetomidine at a rate of 0.8 μg·kg -1·h -1, along with sufentanil at 0.02 μg·kg -1·h -1. In contrast, the low-dose dexmedetomidine group received dexmedetomidine at a rate of 0.5 μg·kg -1·h -1, also combined with sufentanil at 0.02 μg·kg -1·h -1. Clinical indicators, oxidative damage, platelet activation markers, and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results:At extubation and 20 minutes post-extubation, the Visual Analogue Scale scores for the high-dose dexmedetomidine group were (4.12 ± 0.05) points and (2.65 ± 0.12) points, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the low-dose dexmedetomidine group [(5.23 ± 0.12) points, (4.23 ± 0.52) points, t = -60.38, -20.94, both P < 0.001]. At extubation and 20 minutes post-extubation, the Ramsay sedation scores for the high-dose dexmedetomidine group were (5.02 ± 0.36) points and (5.65 ± 0.12) points, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the low-dose dexmedetomidine group ( t = 16.72, 35.16, both P < 0.001). At 24 hours post-surgery, the serum levels of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in the high-dose dexmedetomidine group were (412.23 ± 52.12) U/L and (98.65 ± 10.23) U/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(452.36 ± 50.23) U/L, (114.25 ± 11.21) U/L, t = -4.74, -7.27, both P < 0.05]. The levels of thromboxane A2 and platelet alpha-granule membrane protein 140 in the high-dose dexmedetomidine group were (362.23 ± 20.32) ng/L and (20.12 ± 2.56) μg/L, respectively, both of which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(412.03 ± 21.23) ng/L, (25.64 ± 3.01) μg/L, t = -11.98, -9.88, both P < 0.05]. The incidence of adverse reactions in the high-dose dexmedetomidine group was 12% (6/50), which was significantly lower than that in the low-dose dexmedetomidine group [30% (15/50), χ2 = 4.88, P < 0.001]. Conclusions:Anesthesia with high-dose dexmedetomidine can reduce oxidative damage responses, inhibit platelet activation, improve clinical outcomes, and decrease the incidence of adverse reactions in patients undergoing surgery for thoracolumbar spine fractures.

Calorie restriction has garnered significant attention in the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases. During calorie restriction, various appetite-regulating hormones undergo changes, including a decrease in leptin, insulin, and amylin, along with an increase in peptide YY, glucagon-like peptide 1, and pancreatic polypeptide. These hormonal changes play a crucial role in regulating the body's feeding processes, improving glucose and lipid metabolism, and maintaining energy balance. In this paper, we discuss the effects of dietary restriction therapy on appetite-regulating hormones and the mechanisms by which this therapy aids in the treatment of metabolic diseases. Our goal is to provide insights for the prevention and long-term management of metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Objective:To analyze the demographic characteristics of positive syphilis screening test results among unpaid blood donors in Wenzhou and to provide a theoretical basis for recalling donors who have received false positive results in their syphilis screening tests.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on the demographic characteristics of 746 unpaid blood donors in Wenzhou who tested positive for syphilis from March 2020 to September 2022. Donors with positive single-test results received targeted notifications, health inquiries, and general examinations. With their consent, these donors were allowed to re-enter the blood donation process.Results:A total of 296 898 blood donor samples were tested, resulting in the identification of 746 positive cases of syphilis antibodies, yielding a positivity rate of 0.3%. Among the positive cases, most were males aged between 35 and 45 years, with blood types A and O. They generally had an education level of junior high school or lower and were primarily first-time donors. Specifically, males accounted for 53.6% of the positive cases, while individuals aged 35 to 45 years made up 34.0% of the positive cases. Blood types A and O comprised 30.2% and 36.9% of the positive cases, respectively. Additionally, individuals with an education level of junior high school or below accounted for 43.7% of the positive cases, and first-time donors constituted 81.6%. A total of 14 cases were recalled, of which 11 were successfully contacted. Among the cases that underwent testing with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, 85.7% (12/14) tested negative for syphilis antibodies, resulting in a recall success rate of 78.6% (11/14).Conclusions:To prevent the transmission of syphilis through blood transfusions, blood donation centers should prioritize recruiting donors from low-risk populations and encourage regular blood donation. Furthermore, these centers should implement a comprehensive and effective recall program to reduce the loss of qualified blood donors and enhance blood safety.

Objective:To investigate the detection status of serological markers for hepatitis B virus (HBV) among Tibetan college students and their relationship with HBV- deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) load.Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out to retrospectively analyze data from 1 514 Tibetan college students who visited the Affiliated Hospital of Xizang Minzu University for consultations or health examinations between June 1, 2021 and June 1, 2022. The prevalence of HBV infection among these students was analyzed, the primary epidemiological patterns of HBV markers were identified, and their relationship with HBV-DNA load was determined.Results:The positive rate of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) among the 1 514 Tibetan college students was 6.7% (101/1 514), while the positive rate for Hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) was 42.2% (639/1 514). The primary serological pattern of HBV infection consisted of positive results for HBsAg, HBeAg, and HBcAb, which accounted for 48.5% of cases. This pattern showed significantly higher rates of HBV-DNA positivity and elevated viral load compared with other serological patterns ( χ2 = 8.70, P < 0.05). Conclusions:The HBV infection rate among Tibetan college students is 6.7%. The primary infection pattern is characterized by positive tests for HBsAg, HBeAg, and HBcAb, with an HBV-DNA positivity rate as high as 87.0% and elevated viral loads.

Objective:To investigate the use of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosing primary retroperitoneal tumors.Methods:The study included 100 patients suspected of having primary retroperitoneal tumors, who were admitted to Xidian Group Hospital between February 2017 and February 2023. All patients underwent pathological biopsy, with the pathological diagnosis serving as the "gold standard." Additionally, each patient underwent both CT and MRI examinations. The diagnostic value of CT and MRI alone or in combination for primary retroperitoneal tumors was compared. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of CT and MRI alone or in combination for primary retroperitoneal tumors.Results:Among the 100 patients with suspected primary retroperitoneal tumors, 90 were pathologically diagnosed with primary retroperitoneal tumors. These included 21 cases of liposarcoma, 18 of schwannoma, 17 of malignant lymphoma, 14 of malignant fibrous histiocytoma, 12 of leiomyoma, and 8 of lipoma. CT confirmed 81 positive cases, MRI confirmed 83 positive cases, and the combined CT and MRI diagnosis identified 89 cases as positive. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that the sensitivity and specificity of the combined CT and MRI diagnosis for primary retroperitoneal tumors were 98.9% and 90.0%, respectively, with an area under the curve of 0.944, which was superior to that of either CT or MRI alone.Conclusions:CT and MRI play a crucial role in the diagnosis of primary retroperitoneal tumors. The combined use of these two imaging techniques significantly improves both the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis.