Objective To construct a risk prediction model for the occurrence of calf muscle vein thrombosis(CMVT)in patients with spontaneous basal ganglia hemorrhage(sBGH)after surgery,and to verify the predictive effect of this model.Methods The surgical patients with sBGH who underwent neurosurgical procedures at the First People's Hospital of Huzhou(First Affiliated Hospital of Huzhou University)from January 2020 to December 2024 were enrolled as study subjects.A total of 345 patients were randomly divided into a modeling group(n=243)and a validation group(n=102).In the modeling group,patients were categorized into CMVT(n=72)and non-CMVT groups(n=171).Collected data included demographics[gender,age,body mass index(BMI)],laboratory indicators[D-dimer,activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),fibrinogen(Fib),prothrombin time(PT),thrombin time(TT),hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)],and clinical data[hypertension,diabetes,smoking history,preoperative Glasgow coma scale(GCS),preoperative Caprini score,ventricular rupture,hemorrhage volume,surgical approach].Variables with statistical significance in univariate analysis were included in multivariate Logistic regression to identify CMVT risk factors and construct a nomogram model.Model fit was evaluated using the Hosmer-Lemeshow test,and predictive performance was assessed via receiver operator characteristic curve(ROC curve)analysis.Results The analysis of single factors showed that compared with the non-CMVT group,the proportion of male patients in CMVT group was significantly lower[63.9%(46/72)vs.77.8%(133/171)],while age,D-dimer,hs-CRP,Caprini score levels and bleeding volume were significantly higher[age(years):69.00(60.25,75.75)vs.55.00(67.00,74.00),D-dimer(mg/L):1.94(1.02,4.87)vs.0.89(0.48,1.74),hs-CRP(mg/L):21.94(7.50,55.87)vs.10.56(4.62,30.87),Caprini score:5(3,8)vs.3(2,5)].PT and TT were significantly prolonged[PT(s):13.10(12.10,14.13)vs.12.70(12.10,13.50),TT(s):15.25(14.23,16.06)vs.14.70(14.00,15.70)],the proportion of patients with hypertension,diabetes,ventricular rupture,and craniotomy was markedly increased[hypertension:70.8%(51/72)vs.43.9%(75/171),diabetes:25.0%(18/72)vs.7.0%(12/171),ventricular penetration:16.7%(12/72)vs.5.3%(9/171),craniotomy:59.7%(43/72)vs.35.7%(61/171)],GCS score significantly decreased[13(9,14)vs.15(13,15)].All differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age[odds ratio(OR)=1.053,95%confidence interval(95%CI)was 1.018-1.090],D-dimer(OR=1.194,95%CI was 1.067-1.335),hypertension(OR=2.284,95%CI was 1.085-4.806),diabetes(OR=5.357,95%CI was 1.917-14.973),elevated preoperative Caprini score(OR=1.216,95%CI was 1.066-1.387),and craniotomy(OR=3.359,95%CI was 1.087-10.378)were all independent risk factors affecting the occurrence of CMVT in patients after sBGH(all P<0.05).The linear model was constructed using the aforementioned variables.The Hosmer-Lemeshow test results in the modeling group showedχ2=2.409,P=0.966,indicating good model fit where predicted values showed no significant difference from actual values.ROC curve analysis revealed an area under the curve(AUC)=0.846,95%CI was 0.792-0.899 for the validated model.When the optimal cut-off value was set at 0.538,the model achieved a sensitivity of 70.8%and specificity of 83.0%.In the validation set,the Hosmer-Lemeshow test showedχ2=11.300,P=0.185,indicating good model fit where predicted values showed no significant difference from actual values.ROC curve analysis demonstrated an AUC=0.893,95%CI was 0.832-0.955 for the validated model.At the optimal cut-off value of 0.674,the model achieved a sensitivity of 87.1%,specificity of 80.3%,and an accuracy of 82.4%.Conclusion The risk prediction model has good predictive performance and can provide reference for clinical evaluation of the risk of CMVT in patients with sBGH after surgery.

Objective To explore the mechanism of Angong Niuhuang pill on the neurological function of rats with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage based on the tumor necrosis factor-α/nuclear factor-κB(TNF-α/NF-κB)signaling pathway combined with network pharmacology.Methods The targets for treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage with Angong Niuhuang pill were obtained using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP),High-Throughput Experiment and Refeence-guided Database of Traditional Chinese Medicine(HERB).Key targets were screened for Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analysis and molecular docking.Then,rats were randomly divided into normal control group,model group,Angong Niuhuang pill group(administered by gavage at 270 mg·kg-1·d-1),and the Western medicine group(intraperitoneal injection of 4 500 mg·kg-1·d-1+furosemide 1.8 mg·kg-1·d-1),the dosage administered was the equivalent dose ratio calculated based on the body surface area for humans and animals.The intracerebral hemorrhage model was replicated by the autologous heart blood caudate nucleus injection method.After modeling,the neurological function behavior scores,brain tissue water content,pathological changes of brain tissue,blood-brain barrier permeability,and protein expression levels of NF-κB p65,tumor necrosis factor receptor 1(TNFR1),inhibitor NF-κBα(IκBα)and TNF-α in brain tissue of each group were observed.Results A total of 216 intersection genes were selected.The results of GO enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway annotation analysis predicted that the TNF-α/NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway was one of the main regulatory pathways.The animal experiment results showed that at 72 hours after modeling,compared with the model group,the neurological function score,brain tissue water content,and blood-brain barrier permeability index evans blue(EB)content of the Angong Niuhuang pill group were significantly decreased[neurological function score:1.62±0.62 vs.2.23±0.58,brain water content:(77.7±0.49)%vs.(79.9±0.04)%,EB content(μg/L):490.50±100.79 vs.1 966.20±94.81,all P<0.05];the pathological observation of brain tissue showed that Angong Niuhuang pill could reduce the pathological damage of brain tissue around the hematoma,repair the blood-brain barrier,and alleviate brain edema;the Western blotting results showed that Angong Niuhuang pill could inhibit the protein expression of TNF-α,TNFR1,and NF-κB p65 in brain tissue[NF-κB p65 protein expresion(NF-κB p65/β-actin):2.27±0.52 vs.5.40±0.26;TNFR1 protein expression(TNFR1/β-actin):1.49±0.33 vs.2.52±0.04,TNF-α protein expression(TNF-α/β-actin):1.40±0.13 vs.2.29±0.18,all P<0.05],promote the protein expression of IκB-α(IκB-α/β-actin):0.78±0.02 vs.0.32±0.00,P<0.05).Conclusion Angong Niuhuang pill may regulate the TNF-α/NF-κB signaling pathway by inhibiting the expression of TNFR1 and promoting the expression of IκB-α,exerting neuroprotective effects.

Objective To conduct a Meta-analysis on the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine for soothing the liver for soothing the liver in the treatment of double heart disease.Methods China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),VIP Database,Wanfang Database,China Biology Medicine disc(CBMdisc),Chinese Clinical Trial Registry,PubMed Database,Cochrane Library were searched.Randomized controlled trials on the treatment of cardiovascular diseases combined with mental disorders(anxiety and depression,etc.)with traditional Chinese medicine for soothing the liver were collected from March 28,2025.The control group received conventional treatment,while the observation group was treated with additional soothing the liver traditional Chinese medicine in addition to the conventional therapy.The outcome indicators included the overall clinical efficacy,the score of the self-rating depression scale(SDS),the score of the self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),and the incidence of adverse reactions.A Meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 15.0 statistical software,and a funnel plot was drawn to evaluate publication bias in the literature.Results A total of 14 literatures were included,all of which were in Chinese.The results of the Meta-analysis showed that compared with the control group,the observation group treated with addition traditional Chinese medicine for soothing the liver could effectively improve the clinical efficacy[odds ratio(OR)=2.14,95%confidence interval(95%CI)was1.71-2.68,P=0.00],and improve the depressive and anxious state of patients[depression:Standardized mean difference(SMD)=-2.00,95%CI was-2.92 to-1.07,P=0.00;anxiety:SMD=-1.88,95%CI was-2.42 to-0.99,P=0.00].The incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(16.1%vs.34.0%,χ2=29.347,P<0.05).Conclusion The total effective rate and safety of patients treated with traditional Chinese medicine for soothing the liver on the basis of conventional treatment are higher.

Objective To investigate the impact of a multi-dimensional nursing intervention model on the quality of life and complications of patients undergoing hemofiltration in the intensive care unit(ICU).Methods A total of 100 patients who underwent hemofiltration and were admitted to the department of intensive care medicine of Armed Police Special Medical Center from June 2021 to June 2023 were enrolled as study objectives.Based on nursing methods,the patients were divided into an experimental group and a control group,with 50 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing intervention,while the experimental group received multi-dimensional nursing intervention.The differences between the two groups were compared in terms of anxiety and depression,sleep quality,quality of life,nursing satisfaction,and incidence of adverse reactions.Results After receiving nursing care,the self-rating depression scale(SDS)score,self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)score,and Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)score of both groups were significantly lower than those before nursing,while the generic quality of life inventory-74(GQOLI-74)score was significantly higher than before nursing.Moreover,the experimental group showed significantly lower SDS,SAS,and PSQI scores than the control group(SDS score:34.24±4.19 vs.40.24±4.43,SAS score:41.20±4.33 vs.50.10±5.02,PSQI score:sleep quality was 0.90±0.23 vs.1.55±0.51,sleep latency was 0.47±0.20 vs.0.83±0.34,sleep duration was 1.03±0.21 vs.1.78±0.55,sleep efficiency was 0.73±0.23 vs.1.12±0.21,all P<0.05).The GQOLI-74 scores in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group(somatic function was 64.34±6.93 vs.52.33±5.83,psychological function was 60.24±5.34 vs.54.29±5.88,material life was 64.22±6.24 vs.53.18±5.13,social function was 63.54±5.19 vs.54.10±4.24,all P<0.05).Nursing satisfaction in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group[98.00%(49/50)vs.78.00%(39/50),P<0.05],and the incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower[6.00%(3/50)vs.22.00%(11/50),P<0.05].Conclusion Implementing a multidimensional nursing intervention for ICU patients undergoing hemofiltration can achieve favorable nursing outcomes.It not only helps reduce the incidence of related complications but also effectively improves patients'quality of life and enhances their satisfaction.

Objective Explore the correlation among difference of skin temperature(ΔT)between proximal and distal ends,peripheral serum indicators and cardiac function,to screen the influencing factors of the main syndrome of"reverse coldness of limbs"in Sini decoction.Methods The clinical data of 134 critically ill patients who visited the emergency department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2022 to September 2023 were collected,including echocardiographic indicators[ejection fraction(EF),anterior-posterior diameter of the aortic sinus,left atrial anterior-posterior diameter,right ventricle left-right diameter,right atrial left-right diameter,left ventricular diastolic end anterior-posterior diameter,interventricular septum thickness,left ventricular posterior wall thickness,left ventricular posterior wall movement amplitude,main pulmonary artery inner diameter,pulmonary artery valve flow velocity,aortic valve flow velocity,mitral valve flow velocity,pulmonary artery systolic pressure],blood routine[white blood cell count(WBC),red blood cell count(RBC),platelet count(PLT),hemoglobin(Hb)],myocardial markers[troponin(cTnI,cTnT),MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase(CK-MB),myoglobin(MYO),N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)],D-dimer,blood gas analysis[pH value,arterial oxygen partial pressure(PaO2),arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO2),lactic acid(Lac),arterial oxygen saturation(SaO2)],coagulation function indicators[prothrombin time(PT),activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),thrombin time(TT),international normalized ratio(INR),fibrinogen(Fib)],infection indicators[C-reactive protein(CRP),procalcitonin(PCT)],biochemical indicators[K+,Na+,Cl-,Ca2+,P3+,total protein(TP),albumin(Alb),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),creatine kinase(CK),α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase(α-HBDH),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),urea,creatinine(Cr),uric acid(UA)],mean arterial pressure(MAP),and the top 10 disease types.These data were used as independent variables,and the ΔT value was used as the dependent variable for univariate linear regression analysis.Variables with statistically significant differences in the univariate analysis were subjected to multivariate linear regression analysis to identify the influencing factors causing an increase in the ΔT value.Results The univariate analysis analysis showed that variables such as shock,MAP,WBC,MYO,Lac,PT,APTT,TT,CRP,K+,P3+,Alb,urea,Cr,right ventricular left-right diameter,left ventricular posterior wall motion amplitude,main pulmonary artery diameter,pulmonary artery valve velocity,and aortic valve velocity were all risk factors influencing the increase of ΔT between the left axilla and the left hand in critically ill patients(all P<0.05);shock,respiratory failure,MAP,WBC,cTNI,MYO,Lac,PT,APTT,TT,CRP,Ca2+,P3+,Alb,urea,Cr,right ventricular left-right diameter,interventricular septum motion amplitude,left ventricular posterior wall motion amplitude,and main pulmonary artery inner diameter were all risk factors influencing the increase of ΔT between the left axilla and the left foot in critically ill patients(all P<0.05).Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that APTT,Lac,right ventricular left and right diameters,and urea were independent risk factors for the increase of ΔT in the left axilla and left hand[95%confidence interval(95%CI)was 0.016-0.036,0.024-0.095,-0.031 to-0.003,0.002-0.029,respectively;P values were 0.000,0.001,0.015,0.028,respectively],while PT,right ventricular left and right diameters,interventricular septal motion amplitude,and MYO were independent risk factors for the increase of ΔT left axilla and left foot(95%CI was 0.023-0.178,-0.103 to-0.019,0.031-0.245,0.000-0.002,respectively;P values were 0.012,0.006,0.013,0.015,respectively).Conclusion APTT,PT,Lac,MYO,urea,the right ventricular diameter and interventricular septal motion amplitude are key factors affecting the ΔT value of critically ill patients,which can cause reverse coldness of limbs.

Objective To analyze and clarify the concept of family communication collective efficacy in hospitalized patients.Methods A systematic search was conducted in databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),VIP Database,WanFang Database,PubMed Database and Web of Science(WOS)for studies related to family communication efficacy.The search timeframe spanned from the inception of each database to December 2024.Rodgers'evolutionary concept analysis method was applied to analyze the retrieved literature.Results A total of 40 articles were included.The analysis shows that the evolution process of the concept of family collective communication efficacy in hospitalized patients was introduced,encompassing the evolution of the family communication concept and the intersection and integration of family systems theory and collective efficacy theory.Family communication collective efficacy in hospitalized patients was characterized by four attributes:shared beliefs,emotional support,role allocation and coordination,and an integrated communication system.Its antecedents included factors such as sources of efficacy information,family member characteristics,and family team characteristics.The consequences were observed at three levels:individual,family,and healthcare system,including manifesting as bidirectional influences on individual health outcomes,family functioning,and healthcare quality improvement.Conclusions The core attributes of family communication collective efficacy in hospitalized patients were clarified through concept analysis.In the future,localized assessment tools should be developed based on these attributes to facilitate the implementation and evaluation of interventions aimed at enhancing family communication collective efficacy.

Objective To evaluate the effects of the method of blood-cooling and blood stasis-resolving on heart function and prognosis in patients with sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction(SIMD).Methods Sixty patients with SIMD admitted to the department of critical care medicine of Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine from June 2022 to October 2024 were enrolled as study subjects.The patients were divided into treatment group and control group according to random number table,with 30 patients in each group.All patients received conventional treatments,the patients in the treatment group were given Taohe Chengqi decoction(Persicae Semen 12 g,Chinese rhubarb 12 g,Cinnamon twig 6 g,Licorice root 6 g and Sodium Sulfate 6 g),the decoction was concentrated to 200 mL and taken in 2 divided doses in the morning and evening,one dose daily;and the patients in the control group were given the same amount of warm water.The total course of treatment lasts for 7 days.The differences in indicators of cardiac function[brain natriuretic peptide(BNP),cardiac troponin I(cTnI),MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase(CK-MB),aspartate aminotransferase(AST)]and echocardiographic parameters[left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD),left ventricular end-systolic diameter(LVESD),mitral orifice early/late diastolic blood flow velocity ratio(E/A ratio),E/mitral and tricuspid valve ostia and the peak early diastolic velocity(E/e')]at admission,at 1st and 7th day after treatment,and prognosis indexes[mechanical ventilation time,intensive care unit(ICU)length of stay,total hospital stay,28-day survival rate]were compared between two groups.Draw the Kaplan-Meier survival curve and compare the difference in the 28-day cumulative survival rate between the two groups of patients.Results After 7 days therapy,LVEF of the treatment group was significantly higher than that the control(0.524±0.132 vs.0.458±0.118,P<0.05)and E/e'ratio of the treatment group was significantly lower than the control group[11.17(9.57,12.04)vs.11.82(11.28,13.72),P<0.05].There were no significant differences in the 28-day mortality and total hospital stay time between the two groups,but mechanical ventilation time[days:7.00(0.00,11.00)vs.12.50(3.50,21.75),P<0.05]and stay time of ICU[days:14.50(7.75,25.00)vs.21.00(14.25,31.50),P<0.05]in the treatment group were shorter than those in the control group.The Kaplan-Meier survival showed that the cumulative 28-day survival rate was similar between two groups(Log-Rank:χ2=1.448,P=0.229).Conclusion The method of blood-cooling and blood stasis-resolving could decrease mechanical ventilation time and length of stay in ICU of SIMD patients and could increase LVEF in the treatment group.

Objective To apply network Meta-analysis to evaluate the clinical efficacy of 3 classical prescriptions Xuebijing,Xijiao Dihuang decoction,and Qingyuan Shenghua decoction in treating sepsis complicated with coagulation dysfunction.Methods Computer-based searches were conducted in the following databases:China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),VIP Database,Wanfang Database,PubMed Database,and the Cochrane Library,to retrieve randomized controlled trial(RCT)on the treatment of sepsis complicated with coagulation dysfunction and disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC)using 3 classical prescriptions-Xuebijing,Xijiao Dihuang decoction,and Qingyuan Shenghua decoction.The search period was from database inception to May 1,2023.The control group received conventional Western medicine treatment alone,while the treatment group received additional therapy with Xuebijing,Xijiao Dihuang decoction,or Qingyuan Shenghua decoction.Primary outcome measures included the sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA)score,acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ(APACHEⅡ)score,activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),D-dimer,fibrinogen(Fib),prothrombin time(PT)and platelet count(PLT).Two researchers evaluated and screened the included studies,performed data extraction,and assessed literature quality.The network Meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 17.0 software.Results A total of 27 RCTs were finally included,with 2268 cases enrolled.The network Meta-analysis results showed that the surface under the cumulative ranking curve(SUCRA):①In terms of improving APACHEⅡscores:Qingyuan Shenghua decoction combination group(93.2%)>Xuebijing combination group(67.9%)>Xijiao Dihuang decoction combination group(37.5%)>conventional Western medicine treatment alone group(1.4%);②In terms of improving SOFA scores:Qingyuan Shenghua decoction combination group(93.7%)>Xuebijing combination group(63.0%)>Xijiao Dihuang decoction combination group(41.8%)>conventional Western medicine treatment alone group(1.5%);③In terms of improving APTT:Qingyuan Shenghua decoction combination group(95.6%)>Xijiao Dihuang decoction combination group(57.1%)>Xuebijing combination group(46.6%)>conventional Western medicine treatment alone group(0.7%);④In terms of improving D-dimer:Xijiao Dihuang decoction combination group(86.1%)>Qingyuan Shenghua decoction combination group(80.5%)>Xuebijing combination group(33.3%)>conventional Western medicine treatment alone group(0.0%);⑤In terms of improving Fib:Xijiao Dihuang decoction combination group(97.5%)>Qingyuan Shenghua decoction combination group(63.5%)>conventional Western medicine treatment alone group(37.8%)>Xuebijing combination group(1.2%);⑥In terms of shortening PT:Qingyuan Shenghua decoction combination group(67.5%)>Xuebijing combination group(67.4%)>Xijiao Dihuang decoction combination group(63.0%)>conventional Western medicine treatment alone group(2.2%);⑦In terms of improving PLT:Xuebijing combination group(83.6%)>Qingyuan Shenghua decoction combination group(54.9%)>Xijiao Dihuang decoction combination group(49.4%)>conventional Western medicine treatment alone group(12.1%).Conclusion The 3 classical Chinese herbal prescriptions combined with conventional Western medicine all demonstrated significant improvement effects on sepsis complicated with coagulation dysfunction.Among them,Xuebijing showed the most stable clinical efficacy,improving both disease severity scores and multiple coagulation indicators.Qingyuan Shenghua decoction was more effective in improving overall prognosis compared to the other two prescriptions.As for Xijiao Dihuang decoction,its clinical efficacy in ameliorating sepsis-related thrombosis warrants further exploration.

Objective To investigate mortality risk factors and characterize pathogen distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns in intensive care unit(ICU)patients with suspected infection following surgery.Methods A total of 65 hospitals in 16 provinces in China from July 1,2021,to December 31,2022.Clinical data were collected for surgical patients transferred to the ICU with suspected infection.Data included demographics[sex,age,underlying conditions(hypertension,diabetes,cardiovascular/cerebrovascular disease,hematologic disease)],surgical site,infection site,microbiological results with susceptibility testing,drug resistance and acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ(APACHEⅡ)scores and the length of hospital stays.Patients were stratified by prognosis into death group and survial group,by drug resistance status into resistant and non-resistant groups.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression identified risk factors for mortality and antimicrobial resistance.Draw the receiver operator characteristic curve(ROC curve)to evaluate the predictive value of each risk factor for patient prognosis and drug resistance occurrence.Results A total of 677 patients with suspected postoperative infection in the ICU were enrolled.There were 96 deaths and 591 survivors.① Analysis of risk factors affecting prognosis:univariate analysis showed that compared with the survival group,the patients in the had a higher APACHEⅡscore,the proportion of patients with previous cerebrovascular disease,surgery sites in the abdomen,chest,brain,pelvis,limbs,other areas,as well as those with pulmonary infection,bloodstream infection,urinary tract infection,Gram-positive bacterial infection(Candida),fungal infection,multi-drug resistant bacterial infection was higher,and the length of hospital stay was shorter(all P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis identified higher APACHEⅡscore[odds ratio(OR)=1.15,95%confidence interval(95%CI)was 1.11-1.20],pulmonary infection(OR=4.07,95%CI was 2.05-8.11),bloodstream infection(OR=2.61,95%CI was 1.52-4.51),and urinary tract infection(OR=2.20,95%CI was 1.01-4.42)were independent risk factors for prognosis(all P<0.05).The ROC curve analysis showed that the death risk prediction model established based on the above independent risk factors had certain predictive value for the prognosis of ICU postoperative patients with suspected infection,area under the curve(AUC)=0.820,95%CI was 0.770-0.860,P<0.05.②Regarding antimicrobial resistance:250 patients developed resistance and 427 did not.Univariate analysis showed compared with the non-resistant group,the APACHEⅡscore,the proportion of patients with cerebrovascular diseases,hematological diseases,surgeries at chest,brain,limbs,other sites,as well as those with pulmonary infection,bloodstream infection,urinary tract infection,intracranial infection,Gram-negative bacillus infection,and Gram-positive cocci infection(Staphylococcus epidermidis,Staphylococcus aureus,Enterococcus faecalis),and the mortality rate in the resistant group were significantly higher,the proportion of patients with surgeries at abdominal cavity,pelvic cavity and abdominal cavity infection were significantly lower,and the length of hospital stay was significantly longer(all P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis bloodstream infection(OR=4.00,95%CI was 2.22-7.19),urinary tract infection(OR=3.25,95%CI was 1.47-7.17),Klebsiella pneumoniae infection(OR=2.23,95%CI was 11.22-44.02),Acinetobacter baumannii infection(OR=48.12,95%CI was 20.10-115.17),Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection(OR=34.06,95%CI was 13.00-89.25),Escherichia coli infection(OR=24.97,95%CI was 10.55-59.13),Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection(OR=19.04,95%CI was 3.30-109.96),and Staphylococcus aureus infection(OR=13.48,95%CI was 4.57-39.78)were independent risk factors for resistance(all P<0.01).The ROC curve analysis showed that the predictive model for drug resistance established based on the above independent risk factors had certain predictive value for drug resistance in adult patients with suspected infections after surgery in the ICU.The AUC=0.920,95%CI was 0.890-0.940,P<0.05.Conclusion Higher APACHEⅡscores and the presence of pulmonary,bloodstream,or urinary tract infections were associated with increased mortality in ICU patients with suspected postoperative infection.Patients with bloodstream or urinary tract infections,or infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae,Acinetobacter baumannii,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli,Stenotrophomonas maltophilia,or Staphylococcus aureus,had significantly higher odds of developing antimicrobial resistance.

Ventilator-induced lung injury(VILI)is a form of lung injury caused by inappropriate ventilator parameter settings or pre-existing lung pathologies during mechanical ventilation.The pathogenesis of VILI is complex,primarily involving barotrauma,volutrauma,atelectrauma,and biotrauma.To prevent VILI,clinical practice advocates protective lung ventilation strategies and personalized positive end-expiratory pressure(PEEP)settings.Early identification and precise assessment are critical for improving patient outcomes.The rapid advancement of imaging technologies has provided multidimensional perspectives for dynamic monitoring of VILI.This review summarizes the imaging principles,clinical applications in the context of VILI management,and limitations of various imaging modalities,including lung ultrasound(LUS),computed tomography(CT),electrical impedance tomography(EIT),and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).By offering comprehensive diagnostic information,this review aims to provide a theoretical foundation for the precise assessment of VILI and the optimization of ventilatory support strategies.