Objective To evaluate the legitimate of regional artery infusion chemotherapy in the treatment of gastric carcinoma. Methods　The pharmacokinetics of 5-Fu after different route of administration was studied. Results High concentration of 5-Fu found in portal vein via left-gastric intra-artetial administration were 4-40 folds higher than the group via intravenous administration.The time of high concentrations of 5-Fu via left-gastric intra-arterial administration maintained significantly longer than by intravenous administraion. The concentration of 5-Fu in tumor tissues and paratumorous lymph tissues by intra-arterial administration were 19 times and 23 times of the group by intravenous administration. Conclusion Regional arterial infusion chemotherapy can significantly increase the concentration of chemotherapeutic drugs in the tumorous region.

Objective To study the neuropathological changes of gastrin and substance P(SP) in the intermuscular and submucous nerve plexus of the colonic walls in patients with delayed motor constipation(DMC). Methods Gastrin and rabbit SP polyclonal antibiotics were used to make an immunohistochemical staining of the samples of different segments obtained from 10 patients with DMC and 8 normal subjects(control group) for a comparative observation as well as a relative semi-quantitative analysis. Results The immune positive nerve cells of gastrin and SP in the intermuscular nerve plexus of colon with DMC were markedly reduced; no differences in the immune response of gastrin and SP in the mucous nerve plexus were found between the two groups(P＜0.01). With routine HE staining, focal inflammation occurred in the mucous membrane of DMC colon and that the neuronal vacuolus of the intermuscular nerve plexus degenerated, reduced and even disappeared. Conclusion The abnormal changes of the neural structure in the immune reponse of gastrin and SP in the intermuscular nerve plexus of colon with DMC might be related to reduction of gastrin and SP peptide neuron or dysfunctional.

Objective To study the relationship between gastrin and c-myc, c-fos expression in colorectal cancerous tissue and the mechanism of gastrin effect on colorectal cancer.Methods The gastrin and c-myc, c-fos expression in 48 cases of colorectal cancerous tissue and cancer-adjacent mucosa were detected with immunohistochemistry techniques. Results　The positive rate of gastrin in colorectal cancerous tissue was 39.58%. The rate of the well differentiated adenocarcinoma was higher than that of the poorly differentiated and mucinous adenocarcinoma(P＜0.05). The positive rates of c-myc and c-fos in colorectal cancerous tissue were higher than those in cancer-adjacent and normal mucosa. The positive rate of c-myc and c-fos in the group with gastrin positive expression were 78.94% and 73.68%, higher than those in the group with negative gastrin expression(37.93% and 31.04%). Conclusion Some of colorectal cancer cells formed and secreted gastrin through autocrine. The increase of c-myc, c-fos etc oncogene expression probably stimulate the cancer cells proliferation.

Objective To study the protective effect of glutamine on the intestinal mucosal antioxidation in endotoxemic rats. Methods　Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups, group A:parenteral nutrition supplemented with glutamine, group B:TPN without glutamine,and group C:normal control. Endotoxemia was induced by continous intravenous infusion of lipopolysaccharide(LPS) at a dose of 2 mg/kg per day throughout the 5-day study period. The mucosal protein、DNA、ATP、SOD、MDA、GSH、sIgA were determined. Results The mucosal protein、DNA、ATP、SOD、GSH and sIgA content in endotoxic rats were markedly decreased, MDA was increased as compared with normal control(P＜0.05). The former indices in group A were improved and MDA content was decreased as compared with group B(P＜0.05). Conclusion　Glutamine can improve gut energy metabolism, decrease the extent of mucosal injury of free radicals, and give an protective effect on the mucosal probably by increasing GSH.

Objective To introduce the surgical technique and results of total mesorectal excision (TME) for rectal cancer. Methods　Reviews.Results　As a result of TME, local recurrence rates have declined from 20%-30% to 3%-8%, 5-year survival rate have risen to 75%, and the rates of sphincter preservation have risen too.Conclusion　Total mesorectal excision reduces the local recurrence rates and raise the survival figures after excision of rectal cancer. Patients have a high quality of life.

Objective To introduce telomeres, telomerase and their expression in gastric carcinoma. Methods　The related literatures were collected and reviewed.Rsults In summary, telomerase activity could be detected in 85%-90% of gastric cancer. Moreover, the patient with telomerase-positive tumors showed poorer prognosis than those with telomerase-negative tumours, indicating that telomerase-positive gastric cancer might have more malignant potential. Conclusion　Knowledge of telomerase activity in gastric cancer may be useful in cancer diagnosis, as well as a prognostic indicator of clinical outcome. Future development of drugs aimed at telomerase inhibition may potentially provide a therapy with relatively less side effects.

Objective To evaluate the clinical appliance and significance of the technique of anorectal manometry. Methdos Different ways of anorectal manometry, domain of its appliance and its clinical appliance was summarized and reviewed. Results The technique of anorectal manometry not only has important value on the study of analrectal pathology and physiology, but also can be associated with other examinations to manage biofeedback therapy, diagnose all kinds of anorectal diseases and evaluate anorectal function. Conclusion Anorectal manometry is a safe, simple, harmless and impersonal examination technique. It is necessary in the examination of analrectal function, in the diagnosis and treatment of anolrectal diseases.

Objective To summarize the advances in the clinical application of the quality of life(QOL) assessment after surgery of rectal cancer. Methods　The recent literatures on the advances in the studies on the QOL assessment following the treatment of rectal cancer were reviewed. Results　After surgery of rectal cancer, the patients might suffer from short and/or long term of various complications affecting the physical, social and psychological aspects of their well-being. The QOL assessment included many aspects of the studies. Global QOL scores as measured by the specific questionnaires improved significantly after surgery. It had provided clinical evidences of therapeutic methods, operative treatment of choices and bowel reconstructed procedures for the patients with rectal cancer.Conclusion　The QOL studies after surgery for rectal cancer are of increasing importance. Apart from the improvements of the survival rates and the recurrence-free period, it is essential to provide an acceptable QOL postoperatively. The QOL assessment for the guidance of clinical treatment should be discussed routinely for a patient with potentially curable rectal carcinoma so that the excellent outcome could be achieved.

Objective To compare the reliability of acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) and APACHE Ⅲ to estimate mortality of critical patients in abdominal surgery. Methods Two hundred and sixty-one critical patients in abdominal surgery were included in this study. The clinical data of the first day in ICU were collected and evaluated with both APACHE Ⅱand APACHE Ⅲ prognostic systems and statistical analysis were performed. Probability of survival (Ps) was compared with actual mortality. Results The scores of APACHE Ⅱ and APACHE Ⅲ of death group were significantly higher than those of survival group respectively (P

Objective To study the current research status of minichromosome maintenance protein 2 (MCM2), the cell cycle proliferation marker, in the diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma. Methods Literatures about the application of MCM2 in the study of colorectal carcinoma were collected and reviewed.Results MCM2, as a marker of cell dysplasia and malignancy, was usually used in the study of carcinoma. The study on expression of MCM2 in the cell of colorectum in different proliferational stage might help to screen colorectal carcinoma as early as possible. Conclusion As a relatively specific and sensitive marker of cell proliferation, MCM2 might become a promising mark for diagnosing colorectal carcinoma in the early stage.