To explore the efficacy and mechanism of fire needling for chronic gastritis, "fire needling" and "chronic gastritis" were selected as keywords to collect literature in PubMed, CNKI database anddatabase. The clinical and experiment literature regarding fire needling for chronic gastritis was analyzed to make a comprehensive discussion on the efficacy and action mechanism of fire needling for chronic gastritis. The results indicated the efficacy of fire needling for chronic gastritis was superior to that of medication or filiform needle. The combination of fire needling and medication, acupoint injection and filiform needle could further improve the therapeutic effect for chronic gastritis. From the perspectives of TCM and western medicine, the action mechanism of fire needling for chronic gastritis was explored, and it was believed the fire-needle therapy has the effects of removing and nourishing, which conformed to the clinical syndromes of chronic gastritis. The fire needle could affect the prognosis by regulating the central nerve system, improving local blood circulation, regulating immune inflammation and regulating gastrointestinal hormones.

The design of a clip-on moxibustion instrument which could adjust the directions and absorb harmful granules of moxa smoke was introduced in this paper. It was designed to solve the problems in home health care and clinical treatment, such as the inconvenience of adjustment of moxibustion directions and temperature, more dust and granules of moxa smoke and inconvenience of moxibustion placement. The main part of moxibustion instrument was made up of moxibustion box, bracket and base clamp. The moxibustion box could fix moxa stick and absorb smoke granules; the bracket could be twisted to adjust the direction of moxibustion box; the base clamp was aimed to fix moxibustion box on the edge of the object to save space. This moxibustion instrument could be used for various indications of moxibustion, especially in the joints or body parts with less muscles; and it can significantly enhance the pertinence and safety of moxibustion, and reduce the labor intensity. This moxibustion instrument is original and unique, simple and reasonable, easy to operate, with low cost and good effect, which will increase new vitality for the popularization and development of moxibustion.

OBJECTIVETo summarize the 2491 acupuncture inpatient consultations in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University during 2014, and analyze the application of acupuncture in comprehensive hospital, hoping to provide direction and methods for clinical practice and scientific research of acupuncture.

METHODSThe consultation record and hospitalization information during 2014 in Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, were collected and summarized through Inpatient Information Management System. The distribution of consultation discipline and disease were analyzed.

RESULTSAmong all the consultations, 15 second-class disciplines were involved, and the number of neurology and surgery was 1399, accounting for 59.00% of all consultation. 111 types of diseases were found in consultation, mainly postoperative complications, cerebrovascular disease and arthropathy. The primary disease of consultations involved all the systems, mainly nervous system disease, musculoskeletal system disease, connective tissue diseases and genitourinary system diseases, accounting for 73.89% of all consultations. .

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture is closely related with clinical disciplines of neurology and surgery. The cooperation between acupuncture and pediatrics and oncology should be strengthened. Acupuncture has an advantage over treating postoperative complications and neuromuscular diseases.

（《》）was written in 1827 and the author is unknown. The book has only one version which is collected by the National Library of Vietnam. The book contains one volume and includes contraindication of acupuncture and moxibustion, meridian points, point locations, indications and the therapeutic methods at extraordinary points. They are mainly cited from(《》) by,(《》) byand(《》) byin theDynasty. In the paper, in view of the characteristics of version and compilation, the hand-coped book was introduced. It was explored that Vietnam acupuncture absorbed Chinese medicine and emphasized clinical practice rather than theoretic statement.

For the construction factors of acupuncture-moxibustion theory of, a doctor inDynasty, we studied his life, acupuncture-moxibustion theory and culture background in the History of Medicine and Philosophy of Science & Technology. It was found that the major source of' s Confucianism was the-Neo-Confucianism. The data show that Neo-Confucianism played an important role in the enrichment of his human nature, spirit, moral cultivation and political talent, making him a scholar in the-dynasty, also shaping his medical ethics, medical skill and acupuncture-moxibustion theory. The inheritance, development and application of-Neo-Confucianism provided the most fundamental thinking, research methods and patterns forto interpret the acupuncture classics, summarize his teachers' experience and develop his theoretical system.' s acupuncture-moxibustion practice and theory reached a new level, because he took acupuncture-moxibustion as one of the knowledge investigation and attainment of-Neo-Confucianism.

There are two systems as the red channel system and the white channel system carved or painted on the wooden figurine ofof Benque school. The two systems are horizontally staggered each other without overlapped. The red channel system, similar towooden figurine, have channels, but without points. For the white channel system, the running courses of channels result from the sensation distributions of the points after optional stimulation. Thewooden figurine focuses on the illustration of the white channel system, named as white channel figurine. Compared with thered channel figurine, together with examples, such as the running course of the white channel related to the meridian of heart-transfer-point, the white channel related to the belt vessel linking to lung-transfer-point, stomach-transfer-point and kidney-transfer-point, as well as the corresponding photographs. It is indicated that thewhite channel figurine is a training aid for testing the sensation marching along channel (SMC) caused by transfer-point stimulation. The white channel system is a flexible way of channel. The study aims to observe the/SMC reaching the affected area and contributes to clinical practice. This discovery is not related to the "intermediate link theory" in the Yellow Emperor meridian system.

Although the concept of "body" was proposed in(), it was matured in() inDynasty, so it was believed by the majority of physicians this term was firstly proposed in. In this study, the literature regarding "body" was reviewed, and it was believed the term was originated from, whennoted(). The connotation of the "body" included multiple meanings, such as bone, fingerand so on, and the points of view were different in different periods, different doctors or scholars. From the respective explanation of boneand fingerto the combination use inDynasty andDynasty, the extension of the term was embodied. After the establishment of term' s connotation and extension, the translation of the term was accurate and clear.

The textbook(New Century 4th Edition) was published by China Press of Traditional Chinese Medicine in August of 2016. The author proposed several discussions in the textbook. The information, including the issue date of China national standard, the number of foreign countries where China medical teams were assigned, and the number of acupuncture indications recommended by WHO, was not accurate. The content, including several methods of acupoint location, specification of filiform needles, rotating angle of needle, disinfection of needles and skin, locations and indications of scalp acupuncture, etc. should be corrected. Besides, the writing of textbooks should follow national or industry standards.

The standardization of patient posture for acupuncture treatment was discussed. According to the opinions in(), combined with the clinical practice of acupuncture, it was believed that the patient posture for acupuncture treatment should be standardized based on. The standardized patient posture was the foundation of acupuncture, the need of blood flow and requirement of acupuncture technique. The combination of three elements was beneficial for the traveling of spirit-through meridian-acupoint, which could regulate balance ofandto treat disease. In addition, the principles and methods of standardization of patient posture was proposed, and the important clinical significance of standardization of patient posture for acupuncture treatment was highlighted.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on the expressions of CD36 gene and protein in peritoneal macrophages of atherosclerotic rabbits, and to explore the mechanism of acupuncture regulation of atherosclerosis.

METHODSA total of 26 male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into a blank group (7 rabbits) and a model group (19 rabbits). The rabbits in the blank group were fed with common feedstuff, and those in the model group were applied with high fat diet and arteria carotis communis bullon injury. One rabbit was sacrificed after 8 weeks to observe the morphological changes of carotid atherosclerotic plaques by HE staining to verify model establishment separately in the blank group and model group. The model rabbits were randomized into a control group, an EA group and a western medication group, 6 rabbits in each one. Common feedstuff was used in the blank group and high fat feed in the other groups. No intervention except grabbing and fixation as the EA group was in the blank group and control group. Rabbits in the EA group were treated with acupuncture at bilateral "Neiguan" (PC 6), "Zusanli" (ST 36), "Guanyuan" (CV 4), and EA with sparse-dense wave was connected at bilateral "Neiguan" (PC 6) and "Zusanli" (ST 36) for 20 min, 4 Hz/20 Hz and 1 mA. 20 mL suspension of 1mg/kg/d atorvastatin calcium tablets were prescribed by intragastric administration in the western medication group for 4 courses, 6 d as one course with 1 d between two courses, once a day. The expression of CD36 protein in peritoneal macrophages was detected by Western blot. Reverse transcription (RT) of RNA and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of cDNA were used to detect the expression of CD36 mRNA in peritoneal macrophages.

RESULTSIn the blank group, the vascular wall thickness was uniform and the endothelium was intact. There was no accumulation of foam cells and atherosclerotic plaques. In the model group, the intima of the artery obviously thickened; the intima was damaged; the atherosclerotic plaque and inflammatory cell infiltration were found in the intima, and the foam cells were seen. After treatment, the expressions of CD36 protein and CD36 mRNA in the control group, EA group and western medication group were higher than those in the blank group (all<0.01). Those in the EA group and western medication group were lower than the expressions in the control group (all<0.01). There was no statistical significance for the expressions of CD36 protein and CD36 mRNA between the EA group and the western medication group (both>0.05). .

CONCLUSIONEA can reduce the expressions of CD36 protein and CD36 mRNA in peritoneal macrophages of atherosclerotic rabbits, which may be one of the mechanisms of EA treatment of atherosclerosis.