Nuclear DNA content of 32 cases of prostate adenocarcinoma diagnosed 1986-1991 was determined by flow cytometry, with the use of paraffin-embedded archival tissue. The present study was done to define the relationship between clinical stage, histopathological grade, and DNA ploidy. Aneuploidy was found in 10(31.3%) cases including 7 cases of near-tetraploidy. Among diploid tumors, 36.4% were localized disease(stage A and B), 13.6% were characterized by invasion outside the prostate(stage C), and 50.0% showed distant metastasis(stage D). Among aneuploid tumors, 10.0% were stage B, 50.0% stage C, and 40.0% stage D. The degree of glandular differentiation was characterized by the Gleason score and the percentage of sampled tissue involved by carcinoma was graded by Dhom's method. Apparent correlation was found between Gleason grade and Dhom grade(P<0.05). All 13 tumors with a Gleason grade I(score of 2 to 5) were diploid. Four of 9 tumors with a Gleason grade II(score of 6 to 7) were aneuploid(near-tetraploidy 33.3%, aneuploidy 11.1%) and 60.0%, of tumors with a Gleason grade III(score of 8 to 10) were aneuploid(near-tetraploidy 40.0%, aneuploidy 20%). The percentage of aneuploid cases increased with advanced clinical stage, but the relationship between aneuploidy versus clinical stage was not significant. However, it can be concluded that DNA ploidy correlates well with Gleason grade(p<0.05), which may have predictive prognostic value for prostate adeno-carcinomas.
Adenocarcinoma

Primary gallbladder carcinoma is generally assumed as uncommon but dismal malignancy. Only sporadic studies about pathologic features of the gallbladder carcinoma have drawn pathologists attention especially in association with cholelithiasis. Currently, we have focused much on the role of metaplastic changes in diseased gallbladders including cholecystitis with or without cholelithiasis, and raised its implication in the development of benign or malignant neoplasm. The authors reviewed 34 cholecystectomy cases with primary gallbladder carcinoma, and their histologic findings were analyzed with reference to the association of metaplastic changes both in tumor and adjacent nonneoplastic mucosal epithelium. Association with gallstones and metaplastic changes in the surrounding nontumorous mucosa is more frequent in intestinal typen than in non-intestinal type (P<0.05). Gallstones may play a role of irritant stimuli to the gallbladder mucosa which can be eventually reconstructed with more resistant cell type. And the subsequent increase in absorptive capacity and accumulation of carcinogenic substance may result in malignant transformation of (reserve) cells in replication zone. At this time we can assume that association of cholelithiasis and presence of metaplastic changes are in parallel relationshop in intestinal type adenocarcinoma. Intestinal type adenocarcinomas are usually papillary (72.7%) especially in superficial portion, but deeper area also shows infiltrative growth focally. This finding is comparable to intestinal type gastric carcinoma which represents frequently a polypoid and papillary growth pattern. With these results, as in the gastric carcinoma it is strongly supported that intestinal metaplasia may play a major role as a precancerous lesion in a minor group of the gallbladder adenocarcinoma. Controlled prospective study on biological behavior of intestinal type adenocarcinoma should be followed with more cumulative cases.
Adenocarcinoma

Estrogen and progesterone receptors exist in the epithelial and stromal cells of the endometrium. Proliferative disorders of the endometrium may be associated with autocrine and paracrine actions of estrogen and progesterone in epithelial and stromal cells. This study was performed to evaluate the differences estrogen and progesterone receptor(ER/PR) expression in the epithelial and stromal cells of endometrial hyperplasias and adenocarcinomas using immunohistochemical methods. Immunohistochemical analysis of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) was done to evaluate a possible correlation between PCNA and hormone receptor expression. Evaluation was based on samples from 31 simple hyperplasias, 30 complex hyperplasias, and 32 adenocarcinomas. The immunohistochemical expression of ER, PR and PCNA in epithelial and stromal cells were examined according to a scoring system based on the percentage of positive cells and the staining intensity. The results were as follows; 1) The expression of ER and PR in epithelial cells showed a graded, significant decreases in simple hyperplasia, complex hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma, in that order(ER: P=0.008, PR: P= 0.026). 2) PR expression in the stromal cells showed a significant decrease between hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma(P=0.003). The difference in ER expression was not significant. 3) In stromal cells, the decrease in PR expression was more prominent than the decrease in ER expression when complex hyperplasia was compared to simple hyperplasia. 4) The PCNA expression in simple and complex hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma was not higher than the expression of PCNA in nomal proliferative endometrium. There was no significant difference in PCNA expression between simple and complex hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma(P=0.073). 5) A negative correlation between PCNA and ER/PR expression was not demonstrated in simple and complex hyperplasia, or in adenocarcinoma. Endometrial hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma are probably related to a paracrine action of estrogen and progesterone in epithelial and stromal cells. A progressive loss of PR expression in stromal cells may induce abnormal proliferation of endometrium due to a disrupted hormonal balance.
Adenocarcinoma

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the change of mucosal immunity in gastric diseases. A quantative analysis of IgA and secretory component(SC) in gastric diseases by immunohistochemical method was performed in 110 specimens. The results are as follows: 1) In normal gastric mucosa, all of 10 cases revealed a negative reaction to antihuman SC but 4 cases were positive for IgA. 2) In chronic superficial gastritis and chronic atrophic gastritis with intestinal metaplasia, the metaplastic cells except for the goblet cells were positive for both IgA and SC. 3) The dysplastic cells were also positive for both IgA and SC, and the regenerating cells in ulcer as well. 4) All of the well differentiated or moderately well differentiated adenocarcinomas showed positive reactions to antihuman IgA and antihuman SC, and the intensity appeared to be stronger in the former. However, among 10 cases of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma SC was not demonstrated in 5 cases, and no IgA was present in one case. In 10 cases of signet ring cell carcinoma, 6 cases revealed a negative reaction to antihuman IgA and 6 cases to antihuman SC. The above results suggest that the secretory immunity is not essential in normal gastric mucosa. The intestinal metaplasia in chronic gastritis is considered as an adaptive response to chronic inflammation. The degree of differentiation in adenocarcinoma may be related to the mucosal immunity.
Adenocarcinoma

No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma*

No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma*

No abstract available.
Adenocarcinoma*

BACKGROUND: It has long been recognized that birefringent paticles (BP) are associated with pulmonary disease. And there is increasing evidence that BP cause fibrotic reaction within the lung depending on both particle size and composition. METHODS: We collected 41 cases of usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) and 101 cases of normal lung tissue from control group including squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and bullae. BPs in the 0.1 to 10 micrometer size range under polarizing microscope was measured and counted by image analyzer. RESULTS: BP counts are mean 244.05/10 HPF in UIP and 71.4/10 HPF in control group. BPs in UIP is three times more than control (p=0.000). It increased significantly by the age of patients (p=0.000). CONCLUSIONS: BPs in lung might be important cause of inflammation and fibrosis in UIP.
Adenocarcinoma

No abstract available
Adenocarcinoma*

Carcinosarcoma of the esophagus is a rare neoplasm composed of both carcinoma and spindle sarcomatous area. Usually the carcinoma component is a squamous cell carcinoma but rarely adenocarcinoma or undifferentiated carcinoma is found. The histogenesis of the sarcomatous component is still unknown. A case of ulcerated polypoid lesion with a stalk in esophagus was reported. Microscopically it was composed of spindle shaped cells interminled with squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma nests. No distinct transition between spindle shaped cells and carcinoma are was observed. Immunoreactivity to cytokeratin was observed in both carcinomatous and spindle cell component, but electron microscopic examination failed to demonstrated desmosome or tonofilaments in spindle cells. Undifferentiated small cell nests were reactive to neuron specific enolase and contained membrane bounded secretory granule in electron microscopy.
Adenocarcinoma