Ten autopsy cases of bronchiole-alveolar carcinoma (BAC) were reported. Grossly, BAC may be divided into 3 types, i. e. finely nodular, coarsely nodular and diffuse type. Histologic pattern falls into 2 categories: ' (1) alveolar type, (2) papillary type. Metastasis is most frequently mediated through lymphatics, spreading to the regional lymph nodes. Next, they are spread by blood stream. Brain (meningeal carcinomatosis),bone and adrenal glands are the frequent metastasized sites. Pulmonary fibrosis and scar formation seem to be the predisposing factors to BAC.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the association of XRCC3 gene polymorphisms and haplotypes with laryngeal. METHOD: We selected 4 tag SNPs (rs12432907, rs861536, rs861537, rs861531, rs861531) for the present study. 310 laryngeal patients and 310 healthy control subject were genotyping. The distribution of genotypes and haplotypes in these two group was compared. RESULT: The distributions of rs12432907 was significantly different between these two groups. The CCAG haplotype frequency was higher in laryngeal group than that in control group. But TCAG and TTAG haplotype frequency was were lower in the laryngeal patient than that those in the control subject. CONCLUSION XRCC3 gene polymorphism was associated with the risk of laryngeal patients.
Case-Control Studies ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

Objective To investigate edaravane in prevention of restenosis in rat common catery arteries balloon angioplasty and the possible mechanism of this process. Methods Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: treatment group (whose intima was injured by balloon and was given edaravone 3 mg/kg by peritoneal injection, bid) and control group (whose intima was injured by ballon and was given the same volume NS as edaravone). 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days after angioplasty, rats were killed and the local arteries were sectioned for analysis of pathological morphology and the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Results Small amounts of smooth muscle cell appeared at the intima of blood vessel 3 days after the artery injured by balloon. Consecutive intima was formed 7 days after artery injury. The intima was even or uneven thickened and the lumen of artery was significant stenosed 14 and 28 days afterwards. In the control group, the intimal area reached (0.240±0.043) mm2, the intima hyperplasy index were 0.52±0.06, stenosis ratio were 30%±9% 14 days afterwards. The intimal area were (0.420±0.063 )mm2, the intima hyperplasy index were 0.67± 0.07, stenosis ratio were 54%±9% on day 28. In the treatment group, the intimal area were (0.063± 0.025)mm2, the intima hyperplasy index were 0.24±0.07, stenosis ratio were 8%±3% after 14 days. The intimal area were (0.116±0.023) mm2, the intima hyperplasy index were 0.38±0.05, stenosis ratio were 16%±4% after 28 days. Compared with control group at the same time, the intimal area (F values were 50.488 and 81.119 respectively, P < 0.05 ), the intima hyperplasy index ( F values were 41.743 and 48.122 respectively, P<0.05) and stenosis ratio (F values were 24.221 and 81.119 respectively, P< 0.05) were decreased in treatment group. The expressions of MMP-2 raised after balloon injury. In control group, the expressions of MMP-2 were 27.16%±7.15% after 3 days, 22.59%±6.68% after 7 days, 18.85%±4.91% after 14 days. In the treatment group, it decreased to 15.57%±3.62% after 3 days, 12.91%±1.88% after 7 days. Compared with control group, the expressions of MMP-2 in treatment group were lower after 3 days and 7 days ( F = 8.359, P = 0.028 and F = 7.781, P = 0.032 ). Conclusions Edaravone can prevent restenosis in rat common catery after balloon angioplasty. The possible mechanism is that edaravone can inhibit the expressions of MMP-2 in this process.

Objective To study the safety and efficacy of intensive reduction of blood pressure for the treatment of acute cerebral haemorrhage. Method A randomized control trial in 41 consecutive patients with intracerebral haemorrhage admitted from October 2006 to January 2007 were randomly assigned to intensive blood pressure reduction group ( n = 24) or guidelines blood pressure reduction group ( n = 17) (tho guidelines set by American Association of cardiologists). In the intensive reduction group, the systolic pressure was reduced immediately to lower than 140 mmHg, while the blood pressure was reduced to that just below 180 mmHg in guideline reduction group. The size of the haematoma was measured 24 h after treatment by CT scans and the patients were followed up for 90 days. Death and/or disability in 90 days, and the short-term and long-term neurological function and the size of haematoma in 24 hours of two groups were compared. The outcomes were statistically analyzed with SPSS version 10.0 software. Measurement data were analyzed with t -test while numeration data were analyzed with chisquare test. Results There were no significant differences either in death and/or disability or in short-term and long-term neurological function in 90 days after treatment ( P ＞ 0.05). The mean values of proportional enlargement of haematoma were 16.8% in the intensive group and 36. 1% in the guidelines group 24 hours after treatment ( P = 0.012). The mean values of absolute enlargement of haematoma of two groups were 2.7 mL and 5. 1 mL,respectively (P = 0.058). There was significant difference in rate of enlargement of haematoma in the early stage of acute cerebral haemorrhage (4.2% vs. 47. 1%, P = 0.012). Conclusions Although intensive reduction of blood pressure in patients with acute cerebral haemorrhage did not alter the clinical prognosis of patients, it could apparently attenuate the enlargement of haematoma in the early stage of acute cerebral haemorrhage.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intra-arterial thrombolysis with urokinase and intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) for acute ischemic stroke. Methods A total of 43 patients with acute ischemic stroke within 6 hours of onset were included, 31 of them underwent superselective intra-arterial thrombolysis in the intra-arterial thrombolysis group and 12 of them underwent intravenous thrombolysis with rtPA in the intravenous thrombolysis group. Vascular recanalization was observed in the intra-arterial thrombolysis group, and the modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores at day 90 were used to evaluate the outcomes in both groups. Results Eighteen patients (58.1%) had complete recanalization and 7 (22.6%) had partial recanalization in the intra-arterial thrombolysis group. The recanalization rate was 80.6%, 3 complicated symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, and 1 died. There vere no significant differences between the good outcome rate (74.2% vs. 66.7%, x2 =0.24, P=0.622) and the incidence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage at 90 d (9. 68% vs. 8. 33%, x2 =0. 19, P =0. 892). Conclusions Urokinase intra arterial thrombolysis within the time window can significantly improve the recanalization rate of the occluded vessels and improve the clinical symptoms of the patents in acute phase and long term outcomes. Their short-term efficacy and long-term outcomes are almost the same with intrave nous thrombolysis with rtPA.

BACKGROUND: Sinomenine, an alkaloid monomer extracted from Chinese medicinal herb sinomenium acutum,possesses potent anti-inflammatory, analgesic and immunoinhibitory pharmacological activities. Sinomenine has certain therapeutic effect on rheumatoid arthritis and has been widely applied in the clinic. Dendritic cell (DC) is the known antigen presenting cell with the strongest functions in the body.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of different doses of sinomenine on CD80 and CD 86 expression and extracellular interleukin-12 secretion in DCs.DESIGN: A controlled repeated measuring study based on the cells.SETTTNG: Department of Pharmacology, Guangdong Medical College.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA between September 2004 and May 2005. The peripheral blood of healthy donors was supplied by the blood bank of the Southwest Hospital. RPMI1640 medium was purchased from Hyclone Company. Fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC)-conjugated mouse monoclonal antibodies against CD80 and CD86 and FITC-conjugated mouse IgG1 were purchased from Bioscience Company. Recombinant human interleukin-4 (rhlL-4), recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were purchased from PharMingen Company. Sinomenine was supplied by Zhengqing Pharmacy Company in Hunan. ELISA kit specific for IL-12 was purchased from Diaclone Company.METHODS: Peripheral blood was collected from healthy volunteers. 1 ×106 U/L recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) and 5×105 U/Lrecombinant human interleukin-4 (rhlL-4)were added to the peripheral blood. After 7 days, DCs were harvested. ①The DCs were counted and cultured at 2×108 L 1 in fresh medium supplemented with TNF-α and different doses of sinomenine(3, 10, 30 mg/L). After 48 hours, 2×105 cells were collected and washed twice with phosphate buffer solution (PBS). Then the expressions of CD80 and CD86 were analyzed using 20 μL FITC-conjugated mouse monoclone antibodies against CD80 or CD86.FITC-conjugated mouse IgG1 was used as control at 4 ℃ away from light for 30 minutes. After staining, cells were washed twice with PBS and fixed in 10 g/L paraformaldehyde. The samples were analyzed on a flow cytometry. ②The DCs were counted and cultured at 2 ×108 L-1 in fresh medium supplemented with TNF-α and different doses of sinomenine (3, 10, 30 mg/L). After 48 hours, the supernatants were collected and the concentration of interleukin-12 (IL-12) was determined in a sandwich ELISA using kit specific for IL-12 according to the manufacture's instruction.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Effect of different doses of sinomenine on the expressions of CD80 and CD86 on DCs. ②Effect of different doses of sinomenine on the level of IL-12 secreted by DCs.RESULTS : ① Expressions of CD80 and CD86 on DCs: There were no significant differences in the percentage of cells positive and fluorescence intensity for CD80 and CD86 on DC between different doses of sinomenine groups and control groups (P ＞ 0.05). ② IL-12 level secreted by DCs: From ELISA measurement, we found that IL-12 level of the sinomenine 3 mg/L, 10 mg/L and 30 mg/L groups was (863.1±33.7), (668.8±31.9), (512.6±29.6) ng/L, respectively,which was higher than that of control group [ (922.2±36.6),P ＜ 0.05-0.01]. The level of IL-12 in the supernatants of DCs co-cultured with sinomenine was significantly lower compared with control, which was dose-dependent.CONCLUSTON: Sinomenine can inhibit the level of IL-12 secreted by DCs in dose-dependent manner, but do not influence the expressions of CD80 and CD86 in DCs; The therapeutic effect of sinomenine on rheumatoid arthritis may be related to its inhibition to secretion of IL-12 in DCs.

The afferent connections of the interpeduncular nucleus (IPN) were studied with retrograde transport method of using horseradish peroxidase (HRP).A microinjected syringe needle or microelectrophoretic pipette was inserted into the brain in the vertical, inclined through cerebellum or inclined through cerebral cortex medially.The results were as follows:Following HRP injection into the IPN, labeled neurons were found in medial habenular nuclei, lateral habenular nuclei, dorsal raphe nucleus, superior central nucleus, dorsal tegmental nucleus of Gudden, dorsolateral tegmental nucleus, ventro-lateral and lateral portions of periaqueductal grey matter, and locus coeruleus. In addition, labeled cells were also observed within caudal portion of accumbens nucleus and nucleus tractus diagonalis (Broca).Following HRP injection into the lateral, ventral (or ventrolateral) and dorsal portions of the IPN, labeled cells were found in ipslateral medial habenular nucleus,medial regions of the bilateral medial habenular nuclei, and lateral regions of the bilateral medial habenular nuclei, respectively.After injection into the rostral or caudal pole of the IPN, no labeled cells were observed in bilateral medial habenular nuclei.Following injection of HRP into the caudal pole of the IPN, labeled neurons were observed within both sides of lateral habehular nucleus, dorsolateral tegmental nucleus and ventromedial portion of dorsal tegmental nucleus.No labeled neurons were observed in the ventral (deep) tegmental nucleus,premamillary nucleus, supramamillary nucleus and parabigeminal nucleus except in the cases in which the HRP injection site extended beyond the IPN.

Afferent connections to the nucleus tegmenti dorsalis were studied by means of retrograde axonal transport method of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). HRP was depositted stereotaxically via three approaches: vertical, oblique through the cerebellum or oblique through the cerebrum. The serial sections were treated by 3,3'-diamino-benzidine, benzidine dihydrochloride, diaminobenzidine-cobalt dichloride or tetrame-thylbenzidine respectively.Labeled neurons were observed in following nuclei: nucleus lateralis habenulae,nucleus interpeduncularis, nucleus mammillaris lateralis, nucleus posterior hypothalami, nucleus lateralis hypothalami, substantia grisea centralis mesencephali, nucleus dorsalis raphes, nucleus tractus solitarii, nucleus prepositus hypoglossi, nucleus parafascicularis and nucleus of Darkschewitsch.Then HRP was introduced into nucleus parafascicularis or nucleus prepositus hypoglossi, labeled terminals were also observed within the nucleus tegmenti dorselis.

Anticoagulation, which has been used in clinical practice since 1940's, is one of the important measures in the prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases. This article reviews the progress in anticoagulation for ischemic cerebrovascular diseases by introducing a series of large, important, international, randomized controlled clinical trials in the past 20 years (particularly in the recent 10 years).