Objective: To investigate the characteristics of public health emergencies in Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province from 2014 to 2023, so as to provide the reference for prevention and control of public health emergencies. Methods: Data of public health emergencies and related information in Jinhua City from 2014 to 2023 were collected through Emergency Public Reporting System of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Attack rates, and distribution of time, areas and places were descriptively analyzed. Results: A total of 276 public health emergencies were reported in Jinhua City from 2014 to 2023. There were 10 324 reported cases and 7 deaths, with an attack rate of 0.32%. There were 53 Ⅳ-level (19.20%) and 223 unclassified public health emergencies (80.80%). Infectious disease emergencies were predominant types, accounting for 97.83% (270 events). The three most common infectious disease emergencies were other infectious diarrhea (42.03%), influenza (21.01%) and COVID-19 (16.30%). The reported public health emergencies peaked in November and December, with 66 and 45 events reported, respectively. The three most counties (cities, districts) included Yiwu City, Wucheng District and Lanxi City, accounting for 24.28% (67 events), 18.48% (51 events) and 11.96% (33 events), respectively. School and preschool institutions were predominant places where public health emergencies occurred (198 events, 71.74%). Conclusions The public health emergencies in Jinhua City from 2014 to 2023 were Ⅳ-level and unclassified emergencies, and infectious disease emergencies were predominant. November and December were the peak reporting periods, and schools and preschool institutions were the main places where these events occurred.

OBJECTIVE To optimize the extraction process of standard decoction of Longan seed. METHODS The amount of water added， extraction time and extraction times as the influencing factors， using the extract yield， gallic acid content， corilagin content， ellagic acid content， half clearance concentration （IC50） of 1，1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl （DPPH） free radical and IC50 of 2，2′-azino-bis （3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid） ammonium salt （ABTS） free radical as the evaluation indexes， the analytic hierarchy process （AHP）， criteria importarue though inter-criteria correlation （CRITIC） and AHP-CRITIC method were used to calculate the weight values of each index； the extraction process of Longan seed standard decoction was optimized by single factor test combined with orthogonal experiment； validation test was also performed. RESULTS According to the AHP-CRITIC method， the weights of the above indicators were determined to be 9.224%， 11.784%， 19.320%， 11.206%， 20.597%， 27.869%， respectively. The best process of standard decoction of longan seed was to add 14 times water for the first extraction and extract for 30 minutes； and 12 times water for the second and third extractions， and extract for 20 minutes. Average comprehensive score of the 3 times validation experiments was 97.96 and the RSD was 0.97% （n＝3）. CONCLUSIONS The process is simple to operate， stable and feasible， which can provide a experimental basis for the further development and utilization of standard decoction of longan seed.

Background Hypertension is one of the chronic diseases with the highest prevalence in China, and a history of hypertension may potentially exacerbate hearing loss. Investigating the association between long-term blood pressure trends and hearing thresholds could contribute to hearing protection efforts for occupationally noise-exposed populations. Objective By investigating hearing thresholds and blood pressure levels among occupationally noise-exposed workers in an urban rail transit enterprise, and conducting a comprehensive analysis of the association between long-term blood pressure changes and hearing thresholds, to provide data references for health management strategies targeting occupationally noise-exposed workers. Methods Workers exposed to occupational noise at a rail transit enterprise were enrolled as study subjects and underwent pure-tone audiometry. Group-based trajectory modeling was employed to identify blood pressure trajectories. Categorical data were compared using chi-square tests, while normally distributed continuous variables were analyzed via t-tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) were subsequently applied toexamine associations between these trajectory groups and high-frequency hearing thresholds. Results Among 2 002 occupationally noise-exposed workers, the median (P₂₅, P₇₅) age was 32 (28, 35) years, with a median (P₂₅, P₇₅) working tenure of 7 (3, 10) years. In 2019, the positive hypertension rate was 9.04%, with a mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) of (122.97±11.60) mmHg and a mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of (76.37±9.02) mmHg. The hearing loss prevalence was 10.1%, showing bilateral high-frequency average hearing thresholds of (17.18±8.71) dB and speech-frequency average thresholds of (13.79±3.46) dB. Three distinct trajectory groups were identified for both SBP and DBP. Compared with other trajectory groups, the high-stable DBP group exhibited significantly higher hearing loss prevalence (χ²=6.34, P=0.042) and elevated high-frequency hearing thresholds (all Ps<0.05). Specifically, within the 30-39 age subgroup, the moderate-stable DBP group demonstrated 1.96 dB lower high-frequency thresholds than the high-stable group [β(95%CI): −1.96 (−3.61, −0.32), P=0.020]. Conclusion Among occupationally noise-exposed workers in a municipal rail transit enterprise, DBP trajectories demonstrated a positive association with high-frequency hearing thresholds. Notably, in young and middle-aged occupationally noise-exposed populations, DBP may exert a more critical influence than SBP on the progression of hearing loss.

Objective: To investigate the influencing factors for vaccination willingness of herpes zoster vaccine (HZV) among the elderly, so as to provide the basis for improving the HZV vaccination strategy for the elderly. Methods: From July 2023 to June 2024, permanent residents aged ≥60 years in Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province were selected using the multistage random sampling method and probability proportionate to size sampling method. Basic information, disease history, awareness of herpes zoster (HZ) and HZV, vaccination history, and vaccination willingness of HZV were collected through questionnaire surveys. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for vaccination willingness of HZV among the elderly. Results: Totally 1 209 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 95.95%. The respondents included 657 males (54.34%) and 552 females (45.66%). Among them, 626 (51.78%) individuals were aged 60 -<70 years. There were 113 individuals had vaccination willingness of HZV, with a vaccination willingness rate of 9.35%. The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that female (OR=2.872, 95%CI: 1.624-5.080), urban (OR=4.909, 95%CI: 2.732-8.818), individual monthly income of 1 000-<2 000 yuan (OR=3.085, 95%CI: 1.602-5.940), accessibility of vaccination clinics (OR=5.717, 95%CI: 1.109-29.462), presence of chronic diseases (OR=2.423, 95%CI: 1.325-4.431), history of varicella infection (OR=2.114, 95%CI: 1.213-3.684), awareness of HZ (OR=2.194, 95%CI: 1.096-4.394), awareness of HZV (OR=3.562, 95%CI: 2.005-6.330), history of influenza vaccine vaccination (OR=7.833, 95%CI: 4.189-14.645), and history of 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine vaccination (OR=2.955, 95%CI: 1.603-5.449) were promoting factors for vaccination willingness of HZV. Conclusion The vaccination willingness rate of HZV among the elderly is relatively low, which is mainly affected by factors such as gender, residence, individual monthly income, accessibility of vaccination clinics, presence of chronic diseases, history of varicella infection, awareness of HZ and HZV, and history of influenza vaccine and 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine vaccination.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a deadly condition of the aorta, carrying a significant risk of death upon rupture. Currently, there is a dearth of efficacious pharmaceutical interventions to impede the advancement of AAA and avert it from rupturing. Here, we investigated dihydromyricetin (DHM), one of the predominant bioactive flavonoids in Ampelopsis grossedentata (A. grossedentata), as a potential agent for inhibiting AAA. DHM effectively blocked the formation of AAA in angiotensin II-infused apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE^-/-) mice. A combination of network pharmacology and whole transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed that DHM's anti-AAA action is linked to heme oxygenase (HO)-1 (Hmox-1 for the rodent gene) and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Remarkably, DHM caused a robust rise (∼10-fold) of HO-1 protein expression in VSMCs, thereby suppressing VSMC inflammation and oxidative stress and preserving the VSMC contractile phenotype. Intriguingly, the therapeutic effect of DHM on AAA was largely abrogated by VSMC-specific Hmox1 knockdown in mice. Mechanistically, on one hand, DHM increased the transcription of Hmox-1 by triggering the nuclear translocation and activation of HIF-1α, but not nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2). On the other hand, molecular docking, combined with cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA), isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS), co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP), and site mutant experiments revealed that DHM bonded to HO-1 at Lys243 and prevented its degradation, thereby resulting in considerable HO-1 buildup. In summary, our findings suggest that naturally derived DHM has the capacity to markedly enhance HO-1 expression in VSMCs, which may hold promise as a therapeutic strategy for AAA.

Protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 2 (PTPN2) is a promising target for sensitizing solid tumors to immune checkpoint blockades. However, the highly polar active sites of PTPN2 hinder drug discovery efforts. Leveraging small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology, we developed a novel glutathione-responsive nano-platform HPssPT (HA/PEIss@siPtpn2) to silence PTPN2 and enhance immunotherapy efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HPssPT showed potent transfection and favorable safety profiles. PTPN2 deficiency induced by HPssPT amplified the interferon γ signaling in HCC cells by increasing the phosphorylation of Janus-activated kinase 1 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, resulting in enhanced antigen presentation and T cell activation. The nano-platform was also able to promote the M1-like polarization of macrophages in vitro. The unique tropism of HPssPT towards tumor-associated macrophages, facilitated by hyaluronic acid coating and CD44 receptor targeting, allowed for simultaneous reprogramming of both tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages, thereby synergistically reshaping tumor microenvironment to an immunostimulatory state. In HCC, colorectal cancer, and melanoma animal models, HPssPT monotherapy provoked robust antitumor immunity, thereby sensitizing tumors to PD-1 blockade, which provided new inspiration for siRNA-based drug discovery and tumor immunotherapy.

Objective To investigate the separation efficiency of three physical separation methods for gaseous ¹⁴C, namely membrane separation, adsorption separation, and low-temperature separation, to screen for the optimal separation method, and to provide a reference for the separation and enrichment of ¹⁴CO₂ in online monitoring of ¹⁴C. Methods The experimental plan was designed, and three devices were constructed for separation and purification experiments. The purity, recovery rate, and separation time of CO₂ separated by the three methods were analyzed. Results All the three methods achieved the separation of CO₂. Under certain conditions, 20 mL of sample gas was obtained. The separation time of membrane separation method was 0.5 hour, CO₂ gas with a sample purity of 0.0486%-0.0488%VOL was obtained, and the recovery rate was only 2.5%−12.7%. The separation time of MOF material adsorption separation method was 24−30 hours, CO₂ gas with a sample purity of 20.2%−47.5%VOL was obtained, and the recovery rate was 57.3%−63.2%. The separation time of low-temperature separation method was 3 hours, CO₂ gas with a sample purity of 96.0%−99.8%VOL was obtained, and the recovery rate was 81.5%−92.5%. Conclusion The purity and recovery rate of CO₂ with low-temperature separation method were higher compared to membrane separation method and MOF material adsorption separation method. The separation time of low-temperature separation method was moderate. The low-temperature separation method can provide a reference for the enrichment technology of ¹⁴C in the rapid measurement of gaseous ¹⁴C effluent.

Objective To investigate the natural penetrating radiation levels along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, and to preliminarily evaluate the doses received by the railway employees and passengers. Methods Natural penetrating radiation was measured at 15 typical locations with different altitudes along the railway and in the carriages of a train from Lhasa to Xining using high-pressure ionization chamber RSS131, sodium iodide radiation dose rate meter MARS1561, and neutron ambient dose equivalent rate meter LB6411. Results The levels of terrestrial gamma radiation, cosmic ray ionization components, and neutron radiation were 21.5-246.6 nGy/h, 79.8-225.5 nGy/h, and 24.5-101 nSv/h, respectively. The effective dose of natural penetrating radiation received by passengers and crew on a train from Lhasa to Xining was 4.82 μSv. Conclusion Comparison with the empirical formula and verification of method reliability confirm the accuracy of the measurement. Our results provide a primary understanding of the radiation levels along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and the radiation doses received by passengers, which can be used as a basis for the regulatory authorities.

SRC kinase is a membrane-associated non-receptor tyrosine kinase that plays an important role in cell growth,division,migration and survival signaling pathways.In addition,it regulates glucose metabolism in cancer cells through different mechanisms,such as direct regulation of glucose metabolism-related enzymes and glucose transporters,or indirect regulation of related signaling pathways.In this review,we elucidate the role of SRC kinase in the regulation of glucose metabolism in cancer cells,and also discuss the research advance of SRC inhibitors,to explore the development of more selective and active SRC inhibitors,so as to make the targeting SRC become a new hope for the treatment of tumors.

[摘 要] 目的：探讨异莲心碱（Iso）通过PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路对结肠癌SW480细胞增殖、凋亡和自噬的影响。方法：用10、20和40 μmol/L的Iso处理结肠癌SW480细胞，CCK-8法、流式细胞术和WB法分别检测Iso对细胞增殖活力、凋亡和自噬相关蛋白LC3Ⅰ、LC3Ⅱ、p62表达的影响。然后，用20 μmol/L的Iso和25 μmol/L的PI3K激活剂740 Y-P分别处理SW480细胞，将细胞分为对照组、740 Y-P组、Iso组和Iso+740 Y-P组，流式细胞术、WB法检测Iso和740 Y-P对各组细胞凋亡及细胞中LC3Ⅰ、LC3Ⅱ、p62、PI3K、p-PI3K、 mTOR和p-mTOR蛋白表达的影响。结果：10、20和40 μmol/L的Iso处理后，SW480细胞增殖活力均显著下降（均P<0.05），细胞凋亡率均显著升高（均P<0.05），LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ表达均显著上调（均P<0.05），p26蛋白表达显著下调（P<0.05）。Iso和740 Y-P处理后，与对照组相比，740 Y-P组细胞凋亡率、LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ表达均显著下降（均P<0.05），p26、p-PI3K/PI3K和p-mTOR/mTOR表达均显著升高（均P<0.05）；Iso组细胞凋亡率、LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ表达升高（均P<0.05），p26、p-PI3K/PI3K和p-mTOR/mTOR表达均显著下降（均P<0.05）；与740 Y-P组相比，Iso+740 Y-P组细胞凋亡率、LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ表达升高（P<0.05），p26、p-PI3K/PI3K和p-mTOR/mTOR表达均显著下降（均P<0.05）；与Iso组相比，Iso+740 Y-P组细胞凋亡率、LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ表达下降（均P<0.05），p26、p-PI3K/PI3K和p-mTOR/mTOR表达均显著升高（均P<0.05）。结论：Iso通过抑制PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路抑制结肠癌SW480细胞增殖并诱导细胞凋亡和自噬。