The factors influencing public access to life science information were analyzed from its scope, cost, chan-nels, mechanisms and laws with suggestions put forward for the access to life science information without any barrier.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a malignant clonal proliferative disease,which originates from multifunctional hematopoietic stem cells of bone marrow.Imatinib is used as the first-line treatment for CML currently,owing to its obvious curative effect for patients in chronic phase and survival time prolonged significantly for patients in accelerated phase and blast crisis.With the long-term application of imatinib in clinic,the drug resistance and intolerance gradually appear,resulting in decreased long-term effects of CML.This paper will review the current status of the pathogenesis and treatment of CML.

Objective To investigate the antithrombotic effects of polydatin.Methods Injection of arachidonic acid into mouse,electrically stimulated carotid artery and inferior vein ligation in rats were used to evaluate polydatins antithrombotic effects respectively.Results Polydatin presented obvious antithrombotic effects in three thrombotic models and showed a good dose-effect relationship.Conclusion It is suggested that polydatin has evident antithrombotic effects in artery,vein and micro-circulation.

Objective To observe the association of vesicular glutamate transporter of typeⅠ (VGluT1 ) like immunoreactive(LI) ,the differentiation-associated Na+ dependent inorganic phosphate cotransporter(DNPI) LI and glutami cacid decarboxy lase(GAD) LI terminals with GABAA receptor ?3 subunit(GABAAR ?3) LI neurons in mesencephalic trige minal nucleus of the rat.Methods Triple immun of luorescencehis to chemical staining technique and confo call aser scanning micros copy were used.Results Alargenumber of neuronal cell bodies showed GABAA R?3 LI immunoreactivity atallrostrocaudal level softhe Vme ,and most of GABAAR ?3 LI cells were large (2 5 5 0 ?m)pseudouni polarneurons.The dense VGluT1 LI,DNPL LI and GAD LIterminal sdistri buted widelyin Vme ,some VGlu T1 DNPI LI and GAD LIterminals surrounded the somata of the GABAAR ?3 LI Vmeneurons ,and made close contacts with them .Conclusion Proprioceptive sensory signals from the or of acialregionmight be modulated at the level of the primary afferent cell bodies in the Vme both by glutamatergic and GABAergic axonal terminals from other brain areas,and the effect of GABAergic terminals might be mediated by post synaptical GABAA receptors .

OBJECTIVE: To observe the morphological differences between normal uncinate process(UP) mucosa and inferior turbinate mucosa, and explore the physiology function of the UP with the electron microscope. METHOD: The experiment chose 12 patients who have taken nasal endoscopic surgeries(8 cases for normal UP, 4 cases for normal inferior turbinate mucosa). During the surgery, take the mucosa upwards on the filter paper and immediately use scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy specimens for standard sample preparation methods. Observe the cilia shape, structure and the distribution and the swing direction. RESULT: (1)The internal side and the external side of UP mucosa and inferior turbinate mucosa are all pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, the shapes of cilia are classic "9+2" structures. The distribution of cilia on internal and external lateral of UP and inferior turbinate mucosa are in high density. (2)The direction of cilia on normal inferior turbinate mucosa are generally swing to up and backwards; the cilia on internal lateral of the UP generally swing towards inner side, down and backwards; the cilia on external lateral of the UP generally swing towards down and backwards. CONCLUSION The cilia on internal side and the external side of UP mucosa and inferior turbinate mucosa are in the same structure and shape, but the swing direction of cilia have their own characteristics. It can be concluded that the internal and external lateral of UP may have different functions in nasal sinuses mucus cilia clearance system.
Cilia ; ultrastructure ; Endoscopy ; Epithelium ; ultrastructure ; Humans ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Nasal Mucosa ; ultrastructure ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Turbinates ; ultrastructure

OBJECTIVE: To explore the principles of donor site selection for defects of the hypopharynx and/or cervical-esophagus based on a novel defect classification system and treatment outcome of this series. METHOD: Thirty-nine patients underwent reconstruction of their defects of the hypopharynx and/or cervical-esophagus from January 2007 to June 2012 were retrospectively studied. 23 hypopharngeal and/or cervical-esophageal defects were circumferential or near circumferential (group A), 16 were partial(group B). 22 patients had compromised neck vascular status, while the other 17 patients had normal neck vascular status. Selection of the donor sites was based on extent of the defects and neck vascular status. Donor sites for reconstruction of the defects of group A included anterolateral thigh flap (n = 8), gastric pull-up (n = 6), radial forearm flap (n = 3), jejunum flap (n = 3), and pectoralis major myocutaneous flap (n = 3). For goup B, Infrahyoid myocutaceous flaps, radial forearm flaps, and pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps were used in 8, 3, and 5 cases, respectively. Flap survival, surgical complications, function outcome, and tumor control were observed. RESULT: Overall complication rate was 12.8% (5/39) in this series. In group A, three flap necroses occurred in jejunum flap (n = 1), anterolateral thigh flap (n = 1), and pectoralis major flap (n = 1). All these flap necroses occurred in the compromised neck vascular status group. One case of pharyngeal fistula without flap necrosis occurred in Group B. All except 2 patients restored oral intake postoperatively; 16 patients with laryngeal preservation had good phonation postoperatively. 2-year and 3-year survival of this series were 72.1% and 65.2%, respectively. CONCLUSION Selection of an appropriate donor site for reconstruction of the defects of hypopharynx and /or cervical-esophagus should be based on the extent of the defects, neck vascular status, and clinical features of the flap. Individualized donor site selection for hypopharyngeal and cervical esophageal defects reconstruction can result in good clinical outcome.
Adult ; Aged ; Esophagoplasty ; methods ; Esophagus ; surgery ; Graft Survival ; Humans ; Hypopharynx ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; blood supply ; Necrosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgical Flaps ; pathology ; Transplant Donor Site ; anatomy & histology ; Treatment Outcome

This paper reports a case of recurrence of tonsillar cancer on the right 6 months after radiotherapy with pharyngeal hemorrhage for 4 days and aggravation in the next day. The pharyngeal hemorrhage was severe in the case and the maximum of single amount of bleeding was approximately 200 ml. The examination showed active bleeding on the ulcer with a diameter of 2 cm in the right tonsil and the depth of 1 cm. After repeated compression hemostasis proved to be invalid, selective embolization was applied on the patient and the symtoms of pharyngeal hemorrhage disappeared without complications. The patient was discharged after 2 weeks of observation without any recurrence of hemorrhage.
Embolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Hemorrhage ; etiology ; therapy ; Hemostasis ; Humans ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Palatine Tonsil ; Pharyngeal Diseases ; etiology ; therapy ; Recurrence ; Tonsillar Neoplasms ; complications

Objective This paper analyzes the spectrum of ultrasonic echo and its change with depth when using dual unipolar pulse excitation.Methods According to the theory of matched filter,a group of aynmic filter was designed to ensure the near-field image resolution while maintaining the sensitivity of far-field image.Results This filter was accomplished in FPGA chip.Conclusion Higher image quality Can obtained applying this filter in the au-digital ultrasonic imaging system compared with those using constant filter.

Anastomotic leakage is a serious complication in colorectal surgery;The healing of intestine is still the hot spot of current research.Methods of estimating intestinal healing mainly include mechanical,biochemical,immunohistochemical and hitological Method.The estimating parameters mainly Comprise bursting pressure,breaking strength,the amount of collangen and matrix metalloproteinase(MMP),and the scale for histology.The measurement of collagen and MMP is the nost import ant index for estimating healing of intestinal anastomoses.Collagen is the most abundant extracellular matrix protein that determines the mechanical stability of the connective tissue during wound healing.Collagen degradation is usually the result of the synergistic action of several MMPs.

Objective To compare the healing ability differences between left colonic anastomosis and right colonic anastomosis in rats, in order to find a theoretical basis for the surgical management of colon resection. Methods Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: group A (end-to-end anastomosis of right colon, n=20), and group B (end-to-end anastomosis of left colon, n=20). Half of the rats in each group were sacrificed on the fourth day after operation, and the rest on the seventh day. The expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), MMP-13 and collagen type Ⅰ were shown by immunohistochemical staining, and the histopathologic changes at the anastomosis were also demonstrated. Results The expression of MMP-1, MMP-13 at left colonic anastomosis was higher than that of MMP-1, MMP-13 at right colonic anastomosis, the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was lower than that of collagen type Ⅰ at right colonic anastomosis on the fourth day (P<0.05); The expression of MMP-1 at left colonic anastomosis was higher than that of MMP-1 at right colonic anastomosis, the expression of collagen type Ⅰ was lower than that of collagen type Ⅰ at right colonic anastomosis on the seventh day (P<0.05). Conclusions The healing ability of right colonic anastomosis is higher than that of left colonic anastomosis.