Local alignment is an important task in molecular biology to see if two sequences contain regions that are similar. The most popular approach to local alignment is the use of dynamic programming due to Smith and Waterman, but the alignment reported by the Smith-Waterman algorithm has some undesirable properties. The recent approach to fix these problems is to use the notion of normalized scores for local alignments by Arslan, Egecioglu and Pevzner. In this paper we consider the problem of finding all local alignments whose normalized scores are above a given threshold, and present a fast heuristic algorithm. Our algorithm is 180-330 times faster than Arslan et al.''s for sequences of length about 120 kbp and about 40-50 times faster for sequences of length about 30 kbp.
Molecular Biology

No abstract available.
Molecular Biology

No abstract available.
Molecular Biology*

Interbody fusion using cages are becoming the popular procedure for the spinal fusion. To see the future of cages for interbody fusion, the current authors described history of interbody fusion and cages, biomechanics of cages, and kinds and problems of currently available cages. Based on the review of cages in the past and the present, current authors described requirements of future cages and future of the cages. Spinal fusion including interbody fusion using cages will exist as a major part of spinal surgery in the future. Development of surgical technique, medical engineering, and molecular biology will bring better outcome of interbody fusion.
Molecular Biology ; Spinal Fusion

No abstract available.
Molecular Biology* ; Transcription Factors*

No abstract available.
Molecular Biology* ; Shigella*

No abstract available.
Cardiovascular System* ; Molecular Biology*

No abstract available.
Atherosclerosis ; Molecular Biology

Infertility is a disease that exists when a couple has tried to conceive for 12 months during which time they have had intercourse without the use of contraception. There are many factors suggested as causative factors for this problem and various diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are practicing to alleviate this infertility with great advancement in molecular biology, cryobiology and ART etc. During provision of infertility service, most importantly clinician keep in mind that comprehensive care should be individualized based on the couple's situation. Even though there is advancement in this field, still there are remaining area to be explored and approaches yet to be developed for the future.
Contraception ; Infertility* ; Molecular Biology

Now a day the researchers still continue to determine whether genetic factors are the leading cause of Alzheimer disease (AD). Mutations of one in three genes (PSEN1, PSEN2, and APP) were identified causes of early AD. However, the percentage of patients with early AD is small. Although there wasn’t any genetic factors directly related to late-onset AD, in the last decades, genes of some risk factors leaded to this disease were determined more and more, especially genes caused vascular diseases. APOE was considered as highest risk factors for both of AD and vascular diseases. The risk factors of gene must be explained and put into the context of closed relations to the environment, nationality, geography and territory.
Dementia, Diagnosis , Molecular Biology