Objective To develop and verify a reporter gene assay(RGA) for the detection of biological activity of human growth hormone(hGH).Methods The biological activity of hGH was evaluated by the expression of luciferase(Luc)activated by hGH binding to hGH receptor(hGHR) on HEK293/GH-Luc cell membrane.The developed detection conditions were as follows:the initial concentration of sample was 1 μg/mL;the cell inoculation amount was(2.45～2.66) × 10~4 cells/well;the sample was of 3-fold serial dilution,with a total of 8 dilutions and the incubation time was 18～24 h.The relative biological activity of the sample was calculated by measuring Luc intensity and comparing it with the national standard by four-parameter fitting.The developed method was verified for specificity,repeatability,intermediate precision,relative accuracy,linear range and durability.Results The excipient components in product and the serum components in culture medium showed no effect on the activity detection results;The geometric coefficient of variation(GCV) of relative titer of one batch of samples in six repeated detections was 6.794%,much lower than 20%.The relative titer GCV detected by two experimenters in different batches of samples at different times were both lower than 20%;The relative deviations of the relative titer determination values of samples at different concentrations were within ±12%,the slope of linear regression equation was 0.982,the linear range was 0.6～1.6 μg/mL,and the coefficient of determination(R~2) was 0.997;The GCV of three batches of stock solutions and one batch of finished products were 4.758%,4.430%,7.294% and 2.771% respectively under the conditions of different cell generation,cell density and sampling location,all of which were less than 20%.Conclusion The developed RGA showed good specificity,repeatability,intermediate precision,relative accuracy,linear range and durability,which met the application requirements and was expected to replace the traditional in vivo biological activity detection methods for the activity evaluation and quality control of hGH.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the rule for circulation system structure of drug market,and to analyze drug circulation costs.METHODS:The rules for macrostructure and microstructure of drug circulation were analyzed.The quantitative conception of circulation links(y),circulation extents(n),last nodes(m) and transaction relations were introduced and their relationship were investigate using mathematic model.The proportions of transaction relation in various sections were adopted to analyze circulation cost.RESULTS:There were rules for macrostructure and microstructure of drug circulation.The microstructure showed as a dendrogram circulation structure.Last nodes(m) and circulation extents(n) determinated circulation links(y),relationship between them was y=lnm/lnn.The proprotion of transaction relations in the last link was much higher than in the middle links.CONCLUTIONS:According to the mathematic model,transaction relations mainly concentrate in the last link.As a result it is not possible for us to cut down the quantity of transaction relations and the circulation costs through compaction of the middle links.

OBJECTIVE:To reveal the relationship between mark-up rate and false high price of drug and to study the formation mechanism of drug brokerage.METHODS:Based on the concrete condition,the ratio of circulation costs to production costs was analyzed with mathematical technology to establish price curve equation.The price base line and the formation mechanism of drug brokerage at condition of mark-up rate were analyzed.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:If the circulation costs had no elasticity and mark-up rate(?) was less than the ratio of circulation cost to production cost,there were three kinds of results:if price was determined according to the rule,drug had withdrawn from the market in view of unbalance of the circulation costs;false production costs induced the false high price of drug;brokerage of drugs were conducted.Theoretically the less the value of ? makes,the more false high price and brokerage of drug are.

Objective To assess the quality of life and its influencing factors in ellerly patients with advanced cancer.Methods The quality of life was evaluated with EORTC QLQ-C30 scale Chinese version in 103 elderly patients with advanced cancer in a hospital outpatient clinic of Beijing from July 2013 to July 2014.The overall health,physical function,role function,cognitive function,emotional function,social function and individual symptoms score were assessed.The general information and clinical data of patients were analyzed.Results The general score of quality of life in elderly advanced cancer patients was (35.77 ± 21.98).In the domain of function the role functional score was the lowest (36.60 ± 27.97);in the domain of symptoms the tired score was the highest(50.82 ± 30.16),the score of appetite loss was the highest in individual symptoms (39.78 ± 24.32).Educational level,marital status,living condition,medical insurance and the number of comorbidities were correlated with overall health in elderly patients with advanced cancer (P ＜ 0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the educational level (t =2.447,P ＜ 0.05),marital status (t =2.118,P ＜ 0.05),medical insurance (t =3.770,P ＜ 0.05) and overall health status were positively correlated with the quality of life scores;and number of eomorbidities (t =-7.157,P ＜ 0.05) was negatively associated with the overall quality of life.Conclusion The quality of life was generally poor in elderly patients with advanced cancer;and educational level,marital status,medical insurance,comorbidities are important influencing factors.

Objective:To observe the elimination of smear layer on the dentin exposed to Er,Cr:YSGG laser with different energy and irradiating distance. Methods:The in vitro first premolar was selected and slices with 1.5 mm thickness were obtained by horizontal sectioning through the middle third of the teeth crown using a high-speed bur. Each dentinal slice was irradiated under the laser with different irradiating distance(

Objective To assess the ability of the new software SonoAVC to measure follicular volume and to compare these volume calculations with those made by conventional methods. Methods Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging was used to acquire volumetric data from the ovaries of 50 women undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation as part of in-vitro fertilization treatment. SonoAVC was used to automatically measure the volume of follicles and virtual organ computer-aided analysis(VOCAL) was also applied to measure volume, which was used as the standard of volume measurement. And the three perpendicular diameters (xyz diameters) of follicles were manually measured by conventional two-dimensional(2D) ultrasound, which were used to estimate volume using the sphere formula. And the validity of each technique was compared using limits of agreement. Results One hundred and seventy-six follicles were studied. SonoAVC and VOCAL provided highly accurate and repeatable follicular volume measurements in all cases. Volumes estimated from manually derived follicular diameter measurements were less accurate and repeatable. VOCAL took more time in follicular volume of measurement than SonoAVC and conventional 2D displays. Conclusions SonoAVC provides highly accurate, repeatable,and efficient measurements of follicular volume.

he proangiogenic effect.

[Objective] To observe the effects of pine pollen on the changes of p16INK4a and p21WAF1 in 2BS cells.[Method]The 2BS cells were cultured from 28 population doubling(PD)and divided equally into the young control group,old control group,middle-dose pine pollen group(120mg/dl)and high-dose pine pollen group(240mg/dl)randomly.Regulate the phases of cell cycle by flow cytometry,and then the expression of p16INK4a,p21WAF1 mRNA were determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.[Result]The amount of cells in G1 phase was depressed in middle-dose pine pollen group(72.73%?1.76%)and high-dose pine pollen group(64.15%?0.87%)than in old control group(81.33%?3.43%)noticeablely(P

Objective To summarize the clinical features and treatment for the patients with acute spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma.Methods We retrospectively studied the causes of hemorrhage,clinical presentation,MR images,diagnosis and therapy in 8 cases operated in recent years.Results All patients had no specific cause with semilunar space occupying mass in posterior of the spinal canal on MR imaging.All patients were decompressed as early as possible,7 of them operated within 24 hours since the onset recovered well and the another operated after 50 hours because of misdiagnosis recovered poor.Conclusions MRI is the optimal choice for the diagnosis of acute spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma.Early diagnosis and decompression of spinal cord is crucial to neurological function recovery.

Objective To examine the protective effects of allopregnanolone against pentylenetetrazol- induced seizures. Methods The protective effects of allopregnanolone against pentylenetetrazol- induced seizures were studied in C57 mice and SD rats 15 minutes after vehicle or drug intraperitoneal (ip) administration. Results The pretreatment with the allopregnanolone produced a dose- dependent protective effect against pentylenetetrazol- induced seizures. The potencies (ED50 values) were 4.7 mg/kg and 9.8 mg/kg for mice and rats, respectively. Conclusion Allopregnanolone has anticonvulsant activity against pentylenetetrazol- induced seizures in rodents.