BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent condition affecting women of reproductive age, characterized by metabolic, endocrine, and reproductive disturbances including insulin resistance, abnormal uterine bleeding, infertility, and hyperandrogenism, and is associated with diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The etiology of PCOS is unclear and exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) present in everyday products may play a role by disrupting hormonal pathways. OBJECTIVES: To determine the association between exposure to EDC-containing products, sociodemographic factors, and PCOS diagnosis among nonpregnant reproductive-aged women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A survey assessed the frequency of EDC exposure in homes and workplaces. The Rotterdam Criteria were used for the diagnosis of PCO features with clinical history and ultrasound. The association between PCOS and EDC exposure was determined using Chi-square and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The study identified significant sociodemographic factors associated with PCOS (P < 0.001) including age, civil status, and household income. Increased likelihood of PCOS was linked to frequent use of scented candles (odds ratio [OR] = 2.07), cleaning sprays (OR = 2.28), and floor polish (OR = 2.07), exposure to new upholstered furniture (OR = 4.00), thermal receipts (OR = 2.16), and consumption of microwaved and processed foods (OR = 2.60), as well as water sourced from wells (OR = 7.69). Additional associations were found with access to public markets (OR = 0.26) and the use of paper food wrappers (OR = 1.72). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that frequent exposure to EDC-containing products and certain sociodemographic factors may contribute to the development of PCOS among women of reproductive age. Results underscore the importance of reducing exposure to EDCs to prevent or mitigate the development of PCOS and other reproductive consequences.
Female

This paper will focus only on the recommendations or guidelines on the evaluation for female infertility. Most of the recommendations were based on the Fertility Assessment and Treatment for People with Fertility Problems Guideline by the National Institute for Clinical Excellence.
Human ; Female ; INFERTILITY, FEMALE

No abstract available.
Female ; Female* ; Genitalia, Female* ; Humans ; Incidence*

A case of low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma resembling ovarian sex-cord tumor in the uterus of a 43-year-old woman is described. This tumor belongs to the group II category of uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex-cord tumor described by Clement and Scully, and the epithelial-like elements show prominent smooth muscle differentiation, proved by immunoreactivity for desmin and actin. The patient did not receive any adjuvant therapy; she is alive and well without recurrence 8 months postoperatively.
Female ; Humans

The clinical, gross, light microscopic and immunohistochemical findings of three cases of blue nevus of the uterine endocervix were described. All three cases were incidentally found in hysterectomy specimens from middle-aged women, 45 to 48 years of age. The lesions were small and measured 1 to 4 mm in the greatest diameter. The presence of elongated, somewhat wavy and dendritic melanin-containing cells, in clusters or scattered deep in the subepithelial stroma and between the endocervical glands, was the distinct feature. The cytoplasmic granules appeared black with Grimelius and Fontana-Masson stains. The cells showed strong positive reaction with S-100 protein in perinuclear cytoplasm, in addition to the diffusely dispersed melanin granules. The demonstration of S-100 protein in the blue nevus, along with the histochemical findings, supports combined melanocytic and schwannian differentiation of the blue nevus cells.
Female ; Humans

We report a case of primary cardiac angiosarcoma in a 35 year-old woman. She presented with dyspnea, facial edema and neck vein distension during 1 month. The oval round large mass(8x4 cm) filling the right atrium infiltrated into the entire thickness of the lateral wall and extended to the vena cava and ventricle. The interatrial septum and pericardium seemed to be intact. Despite the surgical excision and adjuvant chemo-and radiotherapy, the patient died 8 months later due to tumor recurrence. The histologic findings of tumor varied from benign looking capillary proliferation mimicking granulation tissue to sarcoma composed of spindle cells. But anastomosing vascular channels lined by anaplastic polygonal cells and intracytoplasmic lumen containing red blood cells were characteristic findings. These tumor cells showed positive reaction to endothelial cell antigen and factor VIII-related antigen. The intercellular junctional complex and vascular channels formed by cytoplasmic process of tumor cells were identified by the ultrastructural study.
Female ; Humans

Cheilitis granulomatosa, a rare disorder of unknown origin, is characterized by recurrent and persistent labial swelling. It is a monosymptomatic form of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome. Non-necrotizing granulomatous inflammation is seen at histopathologic examination. We report a 44-year-old woman with a month history of gradual swelling on her upper lip. We treated successfully with oral metronidazole medication for 6 months, although she had showed a poor response in oral prednisolone, antibiotics, several intralesional triamcinolone injection therapy.
Female ; Humans

Congenital triangular alopecia is an uncommon nonscarring form of alopecia. It presents with isolated alopecic patch at the frontotemporal area of the scalp. Although previously considered congenital, this condition usually is discovered after 2 years of age and, more recently, is thought to be acquired. We report a case of congenital triangular alopecia in a 12 month old female who had the lesion since birth.
Female ; Humans

Cystic basal cell carcinoma is an uncommon histologic variant of basal cell carcinoma. Degeneration of tumor cells causes cystic space, in which mucin is secreted from the adjacent tumor cells. We report a case of cystic basal cell carcinoma with prominent cystic formation occurring in a 52-year old women on the right cheek.
Female ; Humans

The authors experienced a case of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. A 58-year-old woman presented with 6 months duration of cough sputum and multiple patch mottled densities in both lung fields. Major histologic finding was filling of the alveoli by Periodic-Acid-Schiff-positive proteinaceous material with maintenance of normal alveolar architecture. Osseous metaplasia was seen in the alveolar space, focally. Ultrastructural study revealed numerous lamellar bodies in alveolar spaces. The immunohistochemical study using antibody to surfactant apoprotein revealed positive reaction in proteinaceous material.
Female ; Humans